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    Nanostructured battery having end of life cells
    1.
    发明授权
    Nanostructured battery having end of life cells 失效
    纳米结构电池具有寿命终止的电池

    公开(公告)号：US07618746B2

    公开(公告)日：2009-11-17

    申请号：US10803576

    申请日：2004-03-18

    申请人： Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine ,  Alan Michael Lyons ,  Steven David Simon ,  Joseph Ashley Taylor ,  Brijesh Vyas

    发明人： Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine ,  Alan Michael Lyons ,  Steven David Simon ,  Joseph Ashley Taylor ,  Brijesh Vyas

    IPC分类号： H01M6/22 ,  H01M6/02

    CPC分类号： H01M6/52 ,  H01M6/30 ,  H01M6/42 ,  H01M10/4235 ,  H01M10/54 ,  H01M2200/00 ,  Y02W30/84 ,  Y10S977/948

    摘要： A cell-array battery is disclosed having end-of-life cells that can be activated at the end of a battery's life to, illustratively, neutralize the toxic chemicals inside the battery. In one embodiment, neutralization of the electrolyte in the battery is achieved through immobilization of the electrolyte at the end of the life of the battery by, for example, a vitrification process. Using electrowetting techniques, the electrolyte is made to contact a neutralizing substance between the nanostructures in one or more end-of-life cells, thus causing a reaction that results in the electrolyte becoming immobilized by, for example, a polymer substance. In a second illustrative embodiment, when the electrolyte contacts the substance between the nanostructures in one or more end-of-life cells, the chemical composition of the electrolyte is changed into a less toxic chemical compound, thus neutralizing the electrolyte.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种电池阵列电池，其具有可在电池寿命结束时被激活的寿命终止电池，以示例性地中和电池内部的有毒化学物质。 在一个实施方案中，电池中的电解质的中和通过例如玻璃化过程在电池寿命结束时固定电解质来实现。 使用电润湿技术，使电解质与一个或多个寿命终止细胞中的纳米结构之间的中和物质接触，从而导致电解质由例如聚合物物质固定的反应。 在第二示例性实施方案中，当电解质与一个或多个寿命终止细胞中的纳米结构物质接触时，电解质的化学组成变成较不有毒的化合物，从而中和电解质。

    NANOSTRUCTURED BATTERY HAVING END OF LIFE CELLS
    2.
    发明申请
    NANOSTRUCTURED BATTERY HAVING END OF LIFE CELLS 失效
    具有生命终点的纳米结构电池

    公开(公告)号：US20090233156A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-09-17

    申请号：US10803576

    申请日：2004-03-18

    申请人： Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine ,  Alan Michael Lyons ,  Steven David Simon ,  Joseph Ashley Taylor ,  Brijesh Vyas

    发明人： Timofei Nikita Kroupenkine ,  Alan Michael Lyons ,  Steven David Simon ,  Joseph Ashley Taylor ,  Brijesh Vyas

    IPC分类号： H01M10/42 ,  H01M6/42 ,  H01M2/36

    CPC分类号： H01M6/52 ,  H01M6/30 ,  H01M6/42 ,  H01M10/4235 ,  H01M10/54 ,  H01M2200/00 ,  Y02W30/84 ,  Y10S977/948

    摘要： A cell-array battery is disclosed having end-of-life cells that can be activated at the end of a battery's life to, illustratively, neutralize the toxic chemicals inside the battery. In one embodiment, neutralization of the electrolyte in the battery is achieved through immobilization of the electrolyte at the end of the life of the battery by, for example, a vitrification process. Using electrowetting techniques, the electrolyte is made to contact a neutralizing substance between the nanostructures in one or more end-of-life cells, thus causing a reaction that results in the electrolyte becoming immobilized by, for example, a polymer substance. In a second illustrative embodiment, when the electrolyte contacts the substance between the nanostructures in one or more end-of-life cells, the chemical composition of the electrolyte is changed into a less toxic chemical compound, thus neutralizing the electrolyte.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一种电池阵列电池，其具有可在电池寿命结束时被激活的寿命终止电池，以示例性地中和电池内部的有毒化学物质。 在一个实施方案中，电池中的电解质的中和通过例如玻璃化过程在电池寿命结束时固定电解质来实现。 使用电润湿技术，使电解质与一个或多个寿命终止细胞中的纳米结构之间的中和物质接触，从而导致电解质由例如聚合物物质固定的反应。 在第二示例性实施方案中，当电解质与一个或多个寿命终止细胞中的纳米结构物质接触时，电解质的化学组成变成较不有毒的化合物，从而中和电解质。

    Structured membrane with controllable permeability
    4.
    发明授权
    Structured membrane with controllable permeability 有权
    具有可控渗透性的结构膜

    公开(公告)号：US07695550B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-04-13

    申请号：US11460901

    申请日：2006-07-28

    申请人： Thomas Nikita Krupenkin ,  Victor Alexander Lifton ,  Joseph Ashley Taylor ,  Brijesh Vyas

    发明人： Thomas Nikita Krupenkin ,  Victor Alexander Lifton ,  Joseph Ashley Taylor ,  Brijesh Vyas

    IPC分类号： B01D53/22

    CPC分类号： B01D69/06 ,  B81B1/008 ,  B82Y30/00

    摘要： An apparatus that comprises a membrane having a plurality of fluid-support-structures and openings located between the fluid-support-structures. The fluid-support-structures have at least one dimension that that is about 1 millimeter or less. The apparatus also comprises a wicking material positioned adjacent to a surface of the membrane. When a fluid locatable on a surface of the fluid-support-structures penetrates the fluid-support-structures, at least a portion of the fluid passes through the openings and into the wicking material.

    摘要翻译： 一种装置，其包括具有位于流体支撑结构之间的多个流体支撑结构和开口的膜。 流体支撑结构具有至少一个尺寸约为1毫米或更小的尺寸。 该装置还包括位于膜表面附近的芯吸材料。 当可定位在流体支撑结构的表面上的流体穿透流体支撑结构时，至少一部分流体通过开口并进入芯吸材料。

    Thermal energy transfer device
    5.
    发明授权
    Thermal energy transfer device 有权
    热能传递装置

    公开(公告)号：US07832462B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-11-16

    申请号：US12080408

    申请日：2008-03-31

    申请人： Nagesh R. Basavanhally ,  Marc Scott Hodes ,  Paul Robert Kolodner ,  Avinoam Kornblit ,  Thomas Nikita Krupenkin ,  Wonsuck Lee ,  Alan Michael Lyons ,  Todd Richard Salamon ,  Brijesh Vyas

    发明人： Nagesh R. Basavanhally ,  Marc Scott Hodes ,  Paul Robert Kolodner ,  Avinoam Kornblit ,  Thomas Nikita Krupenkin ,  Wonsuck Lee ,  Alan Michael Lyons ,  Todd Richard Salamon ,  Brijesh Vyas

    IPC分类号： F28D15/00

    CPC分类号： F28D15/046

    摘要： Device having first wick evaporator including first membrane and plurality of first thermally-conductive supports. First membrane has upper and lower surfaces. First membrane also has plurality of pores with upper pore ends at upper surface of first membrane and with lower pore ends at lower surface of first membrane. Each of first thermally-conductive supports has upper and lower support ends. Upper support ends of first thermally-conductive supports are in contact with first membrane. Each of first thermally-conductive supports has longitudinal axis extending between the upper and lower support ends, average cross-sectional area along axis, and membrane support cross-sectional area at upper support end, the membrane support cross-sectional area effectively being smaller than average cross-sectional area. First thermally-conductive supports are configured to conduct thermal energy from lower support ends of first thermally-conductive supports to first membrane. Process includes providing wick evaporator, providing liquid working fluid in contact with lower or upper surface of membrane, and causing liquid working fluid to be evaporated from liquid-vapor interface in membrane.

    摘要翻译： 具有第一灯芯蒸发器的设备包括第一膜和多个第一导热支撑件。 第一膜具有上表面和下表面。 第一膜还具有多个孔，第一膜的上表面具有上孔端，在第一膜的下表面具有较低的孔端。 每个第一导热支撑件具有上和下支撑端。 第一导热支撑件的上支撑端与第一膜接触。 每个第一导热支撑件具有在上支撑端和下支撑端之间延伸的纵向轴线，沿着轴线的平均横截面积以及在上支撑端处的膜支撑横截面积，膜支撑横截面面积有效地小于 平均横截面积。 第一导热支撑件构造成将热能从第一导热支撑件的下支撑端传导到第一膜。 工艺过程包括提供油芯蒸发器，提供与膜的下表面或上表面接触的液体工作流体，并使液体工作流体从膜中的液 - 气界面蒸发。

    Thermal energy transfer device
    6.
    发明申请
    Thermal energy transfer device 有权
    热能传递装置

    公开(公告)号：US20090242175A1

    公开(公告)日：2009-10-01

    申请号：US12080408

    申请日：2008-03-31

    申请人： Nagesh R. Basavanhally ,  Marc Scott Hodes ,  Paul Robert Kolodner ,  Avinoam Kornblit ,  Thomas Nikita Krupenkin ,  Lee Wonsuck ,  Alan Michael Lyons ,  Todd Richard Salamon ,  Brijesh Vyas

    发明人： Nagesh R. Basavanhally ,  Marc Scott Hodes ,  Paul Robert Kolodner ,  Avinoam Kornblit ,  Thomas Nikita Krupenkin ,  Lee Wonsuck ,  Alan Michael Lyons ,  Todd Richard Salamon ,  Brijesh Vyas

    IPC分类号： F28D15/00

    CPC分类号： F28D15/046

    摘要： Device having first wick evaporator including first membrane and plurality of first thermally-conductive supports. First membrane has upper and lower surfaces. First membrane also has plurality of pores with upper pore ends at upper surface of first membrane and with lower pore ends at lower surface of first membrane. Each of first thermally-conductive supports has upper and lower support ends. Upper support ends of first thermally-conductive supports are in contact with first membrane. Each of first thermally-conductive supports has longitudinal axis extending between the upper and lower support ends, average cross-sectional area along axis, and membrane support cross-sectional area at upper support end, the membrane support cross-sectional area effectively being smaller than average cross-sectional area. First thermally-conductive supports are configured to conduct thermal energy from lower support ends of first thermally-conductive supports to first membrane. Process includes providing wick evaporator, providing liquid working fluid in contact with lower or upper surface of membrane, and causing liquid working fluid to be evaporated from liquid-vapor interface in membrane.

    摘要翻译： 具有第一灯芯蒸发器的设备包括第一膜和多个第一导热支撑件。 第一膜具有上表面和下表面。 第一膜还具有多个孔，第一膜的上表面具有上孔端，在第一膜的下表面具有较低的孔端。 每个第一导热支撑件具有上和下支撑端。 第一导热支撑件的上支撑端与第一膜接触。 每个第一导热支撑件具有在上支撑端和下支撑端之间延伸的纵向轴线，沿着轴线的平均横截面积以及在上支撑端处的膜支撑横截面积，膜支撑横截面面积有效地小于 平均横截面积。 第一导热支撑件构造成将热能从第一导热支撑件的下支撑端传导到第一膜。 工艺过程包括提供油芯蒸发器，提供与膜的下表面或上表面接触的液体工作流体，并使液体工作流体从膜中的液 - 气界面蒸发。

    Mechanical switch with melting bridge
    7.
    发明授权
    Mechanical switch with melting bridge 失效
    机械开关带熔化桥

    公开(公告)号：US07645952B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-01-12

    申请号：US11518693

    申请日：2006-09-11

    申请人： Cristian A Bolle ,  Brijesh Vyas

    发明人： Cristian A Bolle ,  Brijesh Vyas

    IPC分类号： H01H29/00

    CPC分类号： H01H37/761 ,  H01H87/00 ,  H01H2037/008 ,  H01H2037/768

    摘要： A mechanical switch includes a pair of conducting contacts, metal located on and between the conducting contacts, a heater, and an electro-mechanical actuator. The heater is operable to apply heat that melts the metal. The electro-mechanical actuator is capable of moving one or both of the conducting contacts in a manner that causes the metal to either start physically bridging the conducting contacts or to stop physically bridging the conducting contacts.

    摘要翻译： 机械开关包括一对导电触点，位于导电触头之间和之间的金属，加热器和机电致动器。 加热器可操作以施加熔化金属的热量。 电 - 机械致动器能够以导致金属物理桥接导电触点或停止物理桥接导电触点的方式移动一个或两个导电触头。