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    Quality polymer foam from fluorinated alkene blowing agents
    5.
    发明授权
    Quality polymer foam from fluorinated alkene blowing agents 有权
    来自氟化烯烃发泡剂的优质聚合物泡沫

    公开(公告)号：US08198340B2

    公开(公告)日：2012-06-12

    申请号：US12527131

    申请日：2008-03-10

    申请人： Van-Chau Vo ,  Richard T. Fox ,  Warren H. Griffin

    发明人： Van-Chau Vo ,  Richard T. Fox ,  Warren H. Griffin

    IPC分类号： C08J9/00 ,  C08J9/12 ,  C08J9/14 ,  C08J9/22

    CPC分类号： C08J9/127 ,  B29C44/54 ,  C08J9/146 ,  C08J9/149 ,  C08J9/16 ,  C08J2201/03 ,  C08J2203/06 ,  C08J2203/10 ,  C08J2203/12 ,  C08J2203/14 ,  C08J2203/142 ,  C08J2203/162 ,  C08J2325/06

    摘要： Alkenyl aromatic polymer foam comprising a polymer matrix containing one or more polymer and defining a plurality of cells having an average cell size wherein: (a) the alkenyl aromatic polymer foam has: —(i) an average cell size that is in a range of 0.02 and 5 millimeters; —(ii) a density of 64 kilograms per cubic meter or less; —(iii) an open cell content less than 30 percent; and —(iv) a cell size variation of 30% or less; and wherein the foam further comprises one or more fluorinated alkene blowing agent at a concentration of 0.03 moles or more and 0.3 moles or less per 100 grams of polymer foam.

    摘要翻译： 烯烃芳族聚合物泡沫体，其包含含有一种或多种聚合物并且限定多个具有平均泡孔尺寸的泡孔的聚合物基质，其中：（a）链烯基芳族聚合物泡沫体具有：（i）平均泡孔尺寸在 0.02和5毫米; - （ii）每立方米或以下的密度为64公斤; - （iii）开放细胞含量低于30％; 和（iv）30％以下的细胞大小变化; 并且其中所述泡沫体还包含一种或多种浓度为0.03摩尔以上且0.3摩尔或更少每100克聚合物泡沫的氟化烯烃发泡剂。

    Ceramic-metal composite and method to form said composite
    6.
    发明授权
    Ceramic-metal composite and method to form said composite 有权
    陶瓷 - 金属复合材料和形成所述复合材料的方法

    公开(公告)号：US06296045B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-10-02

    申请号：US09133109

    申请日：1998-08-12

    申请人： Richard T. Fox ,  Aleksander J. Pyzik ,  Chan Han

    发明人： Richard T. Fox ,  Aleksander J. Pyzik ,  Chan Han

    IPC分类号： B22D1914

    CPC分类号： B22D19/14 ,  C22C1/058 ,  C22C1/1036 ,  C22C2001/1057 ,  Y10T428/12007

    摘要： A ceramic-metal composite that is tough and stiff has been prepared and is comprised of an inert ceramic (e.g., alumina) embedded and dispersed in a matrix comprised of a metal (e.g., aluminum), a reactive ceramic (e.g., boron carbide) and a reactive ceramic-metal reaction product (e.g., AlB2, Al4BC, Al3B48C2, AlB12, Al4C3, AlB24C4 or mixtures thereof) wherein grains of the inert ceramic have an average grain size greater than or equal to the average grain size of grains of the reactive ceramic. The ceramic-metal composite may be prepared by forming a mixture comprised of an inert ceramic powder (e.g., alumina) and a reactive ceramic powder (e.g., boron carbide), the inert ceramic powder having an average particle size equal to or greater than the average particle size of the reactive ceramic powder, forming the mixture into a porous body and consolidating the porous body in the presence of a metal (e.g., aluminum) to form the ceramic-metal composite.

    摘要翻译： 已经制备了韧性和刚性的陶瓷 - 金属复合材料，其包括嵌入和分散在由金属（例如铝），反应性陶瓷（例如碳化硼）组成的基体中的惰性陶瓷（例如氧化铝） 和反应性陶瓷 - 金属反应产物（例如，AlB2，Al4BC，Al3B48C2，AlB12，Al4C3，AlB24C4或其混合物），其中惰性陶瓷的晶粒的平均晶粒尺寸大于或等于晶粒的平均晶粒尺寸 活性陶瓷。 陶瓷 - 金属复合材料可以通过形成由惰性陶瓷粉末（例如氧化铝）和反应性陶瓷粉末（例如碳化硼）组成的混合物来制备，惰性陶瓷粉末的平均粒度等于或大于 反应性陶瓷粉末的平均粒度，将混合物形成多孔体，并在金属（例如铝）的存在下固化多孔体以形成陶瓷 - 金属复合材料。

    Methods for making WC-containing bodies
    7.
    发明授权
    Methods for making WC-containing bodies 失效
    制作含WC体的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5612264A

    公开(公告)日：1997-03-18

    申请号：US555944

    申请日：1995-11-13

    申请人： Robert T. Nilsson ,  Richard T. Fox ,  Stephen D. Dunmead

    发明人： Robert T. Nilsson ,  Richard T. Fox ,  Stephen D. Dunmead

    IPC分类号： C04B35/56

    CPC分类号： C04B35/6455 ,  C04B35/5607 ,  C04B35/5611 ,  C04B35/5622 ,  C04B35/5626 ,  C04B35/58007 ,  C04B35/645

    摘要： A method of forming a low level carbon high-density tungsten carbide-containing material includes sintering a preform which contains tungsten carbide powder and has a composition such that the resulting sintered material has at most 6.05 weight percent tungsten-bound carbon based on the total weight of tungsten and tungsten-bound carbon. This low level of carbon may be achieved by, prior to the sintering step, oxidizing the tungsten carbide powder sufficiently to achieve the desired substoichiometric carbon level in the sintered product or by adding a carbon-lowering material selected from the group consisting of tungsten, ditungsten carbide, and tungsten oxide. Optionally, other materials can be present in the preform such as carbon-getter metals and compounds thereof. The carbon-getter metals are those metals of which the carbides thereof are more thermodynamically stable than monotungsten carbide.

    摘要翻译： 形成低碳碳高密度碳化钨的材料的方法包括烧结含有碳化钨粉末的预成型体，并且具有使得所得烧结材料基于总重量具有至多6.05重量％的钨结合碳的组成 的钨和钨结合的碳。 这种低水平的碳可以通过在烧结步骤之前充分氧化碳化钨粉末以达到烧结产品中所需的亚化学计量碳水平，或通过添加选自钨，二钨的碳的降低材料 碳化物和氧化钨。 任选地，其它材料可以存在于预成型体中，例如碳吸收剂金属及其化合物。 碳吸收剂金属是其碳化物比单碳化钨更具有热力学稳定性的金属。

    Method of preparing complex-shaped ceramic-metal composite articles and the products produced thereby
    9.
    发明授权
    Method of preparing complex-shaped ceramic-metal composite articles and the products produced thereby 失效
    制备复合陶瓷 - 金属复合制品的方法及由此制备的产品

    公开(公告)号：US5930581A

    公开(公告)日：1999-07-27

    申请号：US777984

    申请日：1996-12-24

    申请人： David W. Born ,  Richard T. Fox ,  Donald J. Perettie

    发明人： David W. Born ,  Richard T. Fox ,  Donald J. Perettie

    IPC分类号： B32B15/04 ,  C04B37/00 ,  C04B37/02 ,  B22F3/26 ,  B22F7/08

    CPC分类号： C04B37/021 ,  C04B35/63452 ,  C04B37/001 ,  C04B37/028 ,  C04B2237/30 ,  C04B2237/365 ,  C04B2237/368 ,  C04B2237/401 ,  C04B2237/402

    摘要： The invention is a complex-shaped article, comprising an article prepared by joining at least one multi-phase ceramic-metal part and at least one shaped part of another material, wherein the theoretical density of the at least one ceramic-metal part is greater than 80 percent.In another aspect, the invention is a process for preparing complex-shaped articles, comprising:(a) forming at least one ceramic-metal part;(b) forming at least one shaped part of another material; and(c) joining the at least one shaped ceramic-metal part with the at least one shaped part of another material such that a complex-shaped article is formed.The invention is a less costly and time-consuming process for preparing complex-shaped composite articles wherein the articles are formed of two or more selected materials wherein one of the materials is a ceramic-metal composite.

    摘要翻译： 本发明是一种复杂形状的制品，其包括通过将至少一个多相陶瓷 - 金属部件和至少一个其它材料的成形部分接合而制备的制品，其中至少一个陶瓷 - 金属部件的理论密度更大 超过80％。 另一方面，本发明是一种制备复杂形状制品的方法，包括：（a）形成至少一种陶瓷 - 金属部分; （b）形成另一材料的至少一个成形部分; 和（c）将至少一个成形的陶瓷 - 金属部件与另一种材料的至少一个成形部分接合，从而形成复合物状物品。 本发明是制备复杂形状的复合制品的成本较低且耗时的方法，其中制品由两种或多种选择的材料形成，其中材料之一是陶瓷 - 金属复合材料。

    Method of controlling infiltration of complex-shaped ceramic-metal composite articles and the products produced thereby
    10.
    发明授权
    Method of controlling infiltration of complex-shaped ceramic-metal composite articles and the products produced thereby 失效
    控制复合陶瓷 - 金属复合制品渗透的方法及由此产生的产品

    公开(公告)号：US5900277A

    公开(公告)日：1999-05-04

    申请号：US762467

    申请日：1996-12-09

    申请人： Richard T. Fox ,  Chan Han ,  Aleksander J. Pyzik ,  Robert T. Nilsson

    发明人： Richard T. Fox ,  Chan Han ,  Aleksander J. Pyzik ,  Robert T. Nilsson

    IPC分类号： B22D19/00 ,  C04B41/51 ,  C04B41/52 ,  C04B41/88 ,  C04B41/89 ,  C22C1/10 ,  G11B5/73 ,  G11B5/84 ,  B05D1/06 ,  B05D1/32

    CPC分类号： G11B5/7315 ,  C04B41/5155 ,  C04B41/52 ,  C04B41/88 ,  C04B41/89 ,  C22C1/1036 ,  G11B5/8404 ,  C22C2001/1021 ,  C22C2001/1057

    摘要： A process for preparing complex-shaped, ceramic-metal composite articles, comprising:a) contacting a non-wettable powder that is non-wetting to a metal to be used for infiltration with a shaped ceramic body to form a layer(s) of the non-wettable powder on one or more surface(s) of the shaped ceramic body wherein the shaped ceramic body has a region(s) where there is no layer of the non-wettable powder;b) infiltrating the shaped ceramic body with the metal through the region(s) where there is no layer of the non-wettable powder such that a complex-shaped ceramic-metal composite comprising one or more metal phases and one or more ceramic phases is formed, wherein the article has substantially the net shape of the shaped ceramic body and the undesirable regions of excess metal on the surface and undesirable phases within the complex-shaped ceramic-metal composite article near the surface are located only in the region(s) where there is no layer of the non-wettable powder.A complex-shaped ceramic-metal composite article with undesirable regions of excess metal and undesirable phases on the surface(s) of or within the article only where there is or was no layer of non-wettable powder.The process of the invention allows the preparation of complex-shaped ceramic-metal composite articles with undesirable regions of excess metal and undesirable phases on the surface(s) of or within the article only in the regions where there is or was no layer of non-wettable powder. The process of the invention allows the preparation of a complex-shaped ceramic-metal composite article which requires little or no machining of the surface(s) to achieve a finished article. A complex-shaped ceramic-metal composite article is prepared which contains few undesirable regions of excess metal and undesirable phases.

    摘要翻译： 一种制备复杂形状的陶瓷 - 金属复合制品的方法，包括：a）将不湿润的非可润湿粉末与用于渗透的金属与成形陶瓷体接触，形成一层 成形陶瓷体的一个或多个表面上的不可湿性粉末，其中成形陶瓷体具有不存在不可湿性粉末层的区域; b）通过不具有不可湿性粉末层的区域将金属渗入成形陶瓷体，使得包含一个或多个金属相和一个或多个陶瓷相的复合形状的陶瓷 - 金属复合材料为 形成，其中制品具有基本上成形陶瓷体的净形状，并且表面上的不需要的过量金属的区域和复合形陶瓷 - 金属复合制品附近的不期望的相位仅位于该区域中， 那里没有一层不可湿润的粉末。 一种复合形状的陶瓷 - 金属复合制品，其中仅在没有或不存在不可湿性粉末层的情况下，在制品的表面或物品的表面上具有不需要的过量金属和不期望的相的区域。 本发明的方法允许制备复合形状的陶瓷 - 金属复合制品，其中在不存在或不存在非层的区域内，在制品表面或制品内表面具有不需要的过量金属和不期望的相的区域， 可润滑的粉末。 本发明的方法允许制备复杂形状的陶瓷 - 金属复合制品，其需要很少或不需要加工表面以实现最终制品。 制备复杂形状的陶瓷 - 金属复合制品，其包含少量不需要的过量金属和不期望的相的区域。