摘要:
A method is provided for measuring a state variable of a biological cell (3) located in a nutrient medium (2) and supported on and adhering to a support area (5). Within the support area (5) for the cell (3) and at a distance from the support area edge, an opening is made in the membrane of the cell (3). The edge of the cell membrane that surrounds the opening and adheres to the support area (5) seals off the liquid found inside the cell (3) from the nutrient medium (2). Through the opening the state variable (2) is measured. An apparatus for performing the method is also provided.
摘要:
A process is provided for the intracellular manipulation of a biological cell (3) which is positioned adhering to a support area (5) in a culture medium (2). Inside the support area (5) for the cell (3) an opening into the membrane of the cell (3) is created spaced from its support edge. The edge of the cell membrane surrounding the opening, adhering to the support area (5), thus seals off the cell fluid situated in the interior of the cell (3) from the culture medium (2) and insulates the cell fluid against the culture medium (2). The interior of the cell (3) is manipulated through the opening. An apparatus for implementing the process is also provided, including an object carrier (4) with a support area (5) for adhering the cell and a poration tool (6) for creating the opening in the cell membrane. The poration tool (6) may be any of various chemical, mechanical and/or electrical devices.
摘要:
A process is provided for the intracellular manipulation of a biological cell (3) which is positioned adhering to a support area (5) in a culture medium (2). Inside the support area (5) for the cell (3) an opening into the membrane of the cell (3) is created spaced from its support edge. The edge of the cell membrane surrounding the opening, adhering to the support area (5), thus seals off the cell fluid situated in the interior of the cell (3) from the culture medium (2) and insulates the cell fluid against the culture medium (2). The interior of the cell (3) is manipulated through the opening. An apparatus for implementing the process is also provided, including an object carrier (4) with a support area (5) for adhering the cell and a poration tool (6) for creating the opening in the cell membrane. The poration tool (6) may be any of various chemical, mechanical and/or electrical devices.
摘要:
A method is provided for measuring a state variable of a biological cell (3) located in a nutrient medium (2) and supported on and adhering to a support area (5). Within the support area (5) for the cell (3) and at a distance from the support area edge, an opening is made in the membrane of the cell (3). The edge of the cell membrane that surrounds the opening and adheres to the support area (5) seals off the liquid found inside the cell (3) from the nutrient medium (2). Through the opening the state variable (2) is measured. An apparatus for performing the method is also provided.
摘要:
A chip arrangement (1) has a substrate board (2) with an opening (3), into which a carrier chip (4) is inserted, which has an electrical or electronic structural component (5). At least one conductor path (7) is integrated into the carrier chip (4), which connects the structural component (5) to the electrical connection contact (8). The carrier chip (4) is inserted into the opening (3) in such a way that its ends project beyond the opposite-facing, flat-sided surfaces (9, 9′) of the substrate board (2), and thereby form overhangs (10, 10′). Here, the structural component is arranged on the overhang (10) projecting beyond the one surface (9), and the connection contact (8) is arranged on the overhang (10′) projecting beyond the other surface (9′), and the conductor path (7) connecting the structural component (5) and the connection contact (8) passes through the opening (3). A seal is arranged between the substrate board (2) and the carrier chip (4).
摘要:
A measuring device (1) for measuring or investigating physiological parameters using biological cells or chemical and biologically active substances contained in an analyte (2). The measuring device comprises a sensor (4) with an electronic measurement structure (6) located on a substrate (5). Function-specific receptor cells and/or target cells (7) form part of the sensor (4) and are in direct contact with the measurement structure (6). For measurement, the medium under investigation can be brought into contact with the target cells or receptor cells (7). The measuring device (1) is especially compact in its design and facilitates largely feedback-free investigation of biological or chemical components contained in the analyte.
摘要:
A measuring device (1) has a semiconductor arrangement, which includes a semiconductor chip (2) connected to a carrier (4) having at least one through-hole (3). The semiconductor chip (2) has at least one sensor (6) with an active sensor surface (5) facing the through-hole (3). The semiconductor chip (2) has electrical terminal points (9), which are connected using flip-chip connections (10) to terminal contacts (11) facing the terminal points (9) and located on the carrier (4). The carrier (4) has electrical strip conductors (12), which connect the terminal contacts (11) to contact elements (13) located on the carrier. To the rear side of the carrier (4) having the contact elements (13) a strip conductor carrier (16) is provided, which has strip conductors (12) connected to opposing contacts (14). The opposing contacts (14) are each electrically connected using flip-chip connections (17), to a contact element (13), which are allocated to each of them. The semiconductor chip (2) and the carrier (4) enclose a measuring chamber. Between the carrier (4) and the semiconductor chip (2) a seal (7) is arranged, which is constructed to be porous or semi-porous, at least in certain areas, or is constructed as a selectively permeable membrane, for bringing a substance into the measuring chamber.
摘要:
A specimen slide (1) for a microscope, camera or other such observation device has a receiving area (2) for cell or tissue samples or other such organic material and a smaller observation area (3) for the organic material. The specimen slide (1) at least in the observation area is made of transparent material. Within the receiving area (2) the specimen slide (1) is provided with thin-film sensors (6 to 12) adjacent to the observation area (3) for measuring physiological parameters of the organic material. The chemical and physical characteristics of the organic material under observation can be picked up by the sensors while it is observed, for example under a microscope. Sensors of differing types can be provided, such as interdigital capacitors (6), NO sensors (8), O.sub.2 sensors (9) or temperature sensors (11), thereby making available important physiological measurement and/or control parameters.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing an optical transmitting and receiving device (1, 1a) comprising a light emitting transmission element (3, 3a) and a receiving element (4, 4a) which converts this light into an electrical magnitude. The transmission and receiving elements are inserted into a silicon substrate. The optical transmitting and receiving device (1) is preferably inserted in a monolithic manner into a common substrate, comprising a sequence of superimposed layers for the light emitting transmission element (3) and the light receiving element (4). An electrically insulating intermediate layer (9, 9a) is incorporated between the transmission and receiving element.
摘要:
The invention relates to a capacitive magnetic field sensor. This sensor has a first electrode (2) and a second electrode (3), which are spaced apart from one another and which form a measurement capacitance. The first electrode (2) is situated on a first substrate body (4), and the second electrode (3) on a second substrate body (5). The second substrate body (5) is designed as a deformable membrane in the vicinity of the second electrode (3). A magnetic body (6) is situated in the vicinity of the second electrode (3) and the membrane, and is rigidly connected to the membrane and to the second electrode (3). As a result of this rigid connection, the influence of an external magnetic field on the magnetic body causes not only the magnetic body (6) to change its position but also causes the membrane and the second electrode (3) to change their position, since they are rigidly connected to said magnetic body. Because the second electrode (3) changes its position, its distance from the first electrode (2) changes, and thus the measurement capacitance, which acts as a measure of the externally applied magnetic field. This capacitive magnetic field sensor is distinguished by very small exterior dimensions, great mechanical stability, and low temperature dependence.