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    Start up of proton exchange membrane fuel cell
    1.
    发明授权
    Start up of proton exchange membrane fuel cell 失效
    启动质子交换膜燃料电池

    公开(公告)号：US6127056A

    公开(公告)日：2000-10-03

    申请号：US169405

    申请日：1998-10-09

    申请人： Douglas J. Wheeler ,  Leonard J. Bonville

    发明人： Douglas J. Wheeler ,  Leonard J. Bonville

    IPC分类号： H01M8/04

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04007 ,  H01M2300/0082 ,  H01M8/04022 ,  H01M8/04223

    摘要： A proton exchange membrane fuel cell has a noble metal or noble metal alloy catalyst 15 disposed in its air inlet manifold 13. During start up, a fuel cell is warmed to operating temperature by introducing a small amount of hydrogen into a flow of air to the air inlet 12 of the fuel cell where they react with the catalyst to produce heat at subflame temperatures. The adiabatic temperature rise of the gas stream is limited to about 150.degree. F. by limiting the hydrogen to about one volume percent of the fuel/oxidant mixture, thereby to be capable of raising the fuel cell temperature, for instance, from -40.degree. C. (-40.degree. F.) to about +45.degree. C. (+113.degree. F.), without flame, explosion or drying out of the membrane.

    摘要翻译： 质子交换膜燃料电池具有设置在其空气入口歧管13中的贵金属或贵金属合金催化剂15.在启动期间，通过将少量的氢气引入到空气流中来将燃料电池温热至工作温度 燃料电池的空气入口12，其与催化剂反应以在亚燃烧温度下产生热量。 通过将氢气限制为约1体积％的燃料/氧化剂混合物，气流的绝热温度上限被限制在约150°F，从而能够提高燃料电池温度，例如从-40℃ （-40°F）至约+45°C（+ 113°F），无火焰，爆炸或干燥出膜。

    Use of thermoplastic films to create seals and bond PEM cell components
    3.
    发明授权
    Use of thermoplastic films to create seals and bond PEM cell components 有权
    使用热塑性薄膜制造密封和粘合PEM电池组件

    公开(公告)号：US6159628A

    公开(公告)日：2000-12-12

    申请号：US220472

    申请日：1998-12-23

    申请人： Albert P. Grasso ,  Myron Krasij ,  Michael J. Rajpolt

    发明人： Albert P. Grasso ,  Myron Krasij ,  Michael J. Rajpolt

    IPC分类号： F16J15/10 ,  H01M2/08 ,  H01M8/02 ,  H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/06 ,  H01M8/10 ,  H01M8/24

    CPC分类号： H01M2/08 ,  H01M8/0271 ,  H01M8/0297 ,  H01M8/04119 ,  H01M8/04291 ,  H01M8/1007 ,  H01M8/241 ,  H01M8/2415 ,  H01M2300/0082

    摘要： An improved membrane electrode assembly for PEM fuel cells is provided. Catalyst layers (40, 44) are disposed, respectively, on both sides of the proton exchange membrane (48). Gas diffusion layers (38, 50) are disposed, respectively, on sides of the catalyst layers (40, 44) not in contact with the proton exchange membrane (48). Porous substrates (32, 34) are disposed, respectively, on sides of the gas diffusion layers (38, 50) not in contact with the catalyst layers (40, 44). The porous substrates (32, 34) are impregnated at their periphery with a thermoplastic material. Thermoplastic film layers (42, 46, 68) are employed at the periphery of the assembly (10) between component parts to bond and seal water transport plates (12' and 16) to each other, as well as substrates (32, 32', 34) to the membrane electrode assembly (20). A foam tape 60, 62, 62' are employed to seal water transport plates (12, 12', 16) to respective substrates (32, 32', 34).

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于PEM燃料电池的改进的膜电极组件。 催化剂层（40,44）分别设置在质子交换膜（48）的两侧。 气体扩散层（38,50）分别设置在不与质子交换膜（48）接触的催化剂层（40,44）的侧面上。 多孔基材（32,34）分别设置在不与催化剂层（40,44）接触的气体扩散层（38,50）的侧面。 多孔基材（32,34）在其周围用热塑性材料浸渍。 热塑性薄膜层（42,46,68）在部件之间的组件（10）的周边被使用以将水输送板（12'和16）彼此粘合并密封，以及基板（32,32' ，34）连接到膜电极组件（20）。 使用泡沫胶带60,62,62'将水输送板（12,12'，16）密封到相应的基板（32,32'，34）上。

    System and method for desulfurizing gasoline or diesel fuel to produce a low sulfur-content fuel for use in an internal combustion engine
    6.
    发明授权
    System and method for desulfurizing gasoline or diesel fuel to produce a low sulfur-content fuel for use in an internal combustion engine 失效
    用于将汽油或柴油燃料脱硫以产生用于内燃机的低含硫燃料的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US6129835A

    公开(公告)日：2000-10-10

    申请号：US221429

    申请日：1998-12-28

    申请人： Roger R. Lesieur ,  Leonard J. Bonville, Jr.

    发明人： Roger R. Lesieur ,  Leonard J. Bonville, Jr.

    IPC分类号： C10G25/00 ,  C10G29/04 ,  C10G45/00

    CPC分类号： C10G29/04 ,  C10G25/003

    摘要： A fuel processing system is operable to remove substantially all of the sulfur present in gasoline or diesel fuel used for operating an internal combustion engine. The fuel supply is passed through a nickel reactant desulfurizer bed wherein essentially all of the sulfur in organic sulfur compounds in the fuel combine with the nickel reactant in the desulfurizer bed, and are converted to nickel sulfide. The desulfurizing system can operate at ambient or elevated pressures. The fuel can be treated either in a liquid phase or in a vapor phase. The sulfur scrubbing operation can be performed either in a vehicle while the latter is being operated, or at the fueling station (gas station) prior to sale to the end user. The amount of sulfur in the fuel can be lowered to less than about 0.05 ppm. This extends the life of the catalytic converters in vehicles, reduces corrosion of parts of the internal combustion engine, and provides an environmentally compatible system.

    摘要翻译： 燃料处理系统可操作以基本上除去用于操作内燃机的汽油或柴油燃料中基本上所有的硫。 燃料供应通过镍反应物脱硫器床，其中燃料中有机硫化合物中的基本上所有的硫与脱硫器床中的镍反应物组合，并转化为硫化镍。 脱硫系统可以在环境压力或高压下运行。 燃料可以在液相或气相中进行处理。 硫洗涤操作可以在车辆操作期间在车辆中执行，或者在向最终用户销售之前在加油站（加油站）执行。 燃料中的硫的量可以降低到小于约0.05ppm。 这延长了车辆中催化转化器的使用寿命，减少了内燃机部件的腐蚀，并提供了一个环保的系统。

    Inhibition of carbon deposition on fuel gas steam reformer walls
    7.
    发明授权
    Inhibition of carbon deposition on fuel gas steam reformer walls 有权
    抑制燃料气体蒸汽重整器壁上的碳沉积

    公开(公告)号：US6120926A

    公开(公告)日：2000-09-19

    申请号：US190856

    申请日：1998-11-10

    申请人： Donald F. Szydlowski ,  Roger R. Lesieur ,  Ned E. Cipollini

    发明人： Donald F. Szydlowski ,  Roger R. Lesieur ,  Ned E. Cipollini

    IPC分类号： B01J8/02 ,  B01J19/00 ,  C01B3/38 ,  H01M8/06 ,  H01M4/86

    CPC分类号： H01M8/0631 ,  B01J19/0026 ,  B01J8/02 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/382 ,  C01B3/386 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/16 ,  Y02P20/52

    摘要： A fuel gas reformer assembly for use in a fuel cell power plant includes fuel gas passages, some of which contain a particulate alumina packing in which a vaporized steam-hydrocarbon fuel stream mixture is heated. The walls of the fuel gas passages are provided with an alumina coating which protects the walls of the passages from corrosion. The alumina coating of the walls, and alumina packing are both overlain by an alkaline earth metal oxide layer, such as a calcium oxide layer, that acts to limit carbon build-up on the surfaces of the coated passage walls. Limiting of carbon build-up in the reformer passages prevents premature clogging of the passages. The carbon build-up-limiting layer is formed on components of the reformer passages by applying a water-based slurry of alkaline earth metal compounds to the reformer passage surfaces, and then drying the slurry so as to solidify it. The formation of the desired crystalline phase of the coating occurs in situ on the coated passage surfaces during initial operation of the reformer. The coated packing material is operative to convert any free carbon remaining in the gas stream to carbon dioxide, or carbon monoxide, thereby further limiting carbon deposition in the assembly.

    摘要翻译： 用于燃料电池发电厂的燃料气体重整器组件包括燃料气体通道，其中一些气体通道包含其中蒸发的蒸汽 - 烃燃料流混合物被加热的颗粒氧化铝填料。 燃料气体通道的壁设置有氧化铝涂层，其保护通道的壁免受腐蚀。 壁的氧化铝涂层和氧化铝填料都被诸如氧化钙层的碱土金属氧化物层覆盖，其用于限制在涂覆的通道壁的表面上积聚碳。 在重整器通道中限制碳积累可以防止通道过早堵塞。 通过将碱土金属化合物的水性浆料施加到重整器通道表面上，在重整器通道的部件上形成碳积聚限制层，然后干燥该浆料以使其固化。 在重整器的初始操作期间，涂层的所需结晶相的形成在涂覆的通道表面上原位发生。 涂覆的包装材料可操作以将残留在气流中的任何游离碳转化为二氧化碳或一氧化碳，从而进一步限制组件中的碳沉积。

    Self-inerting fuel cell system
    9.
    发明授权
    Self-inerting fuel cell system 失效
    自燃燃料电池系统

    公开(公告)号：US6127057A

    公开(公告)日：2000-10-03

    申请号：US133768

    申请日：1998-08-12

    申请人： Michael E. Gorman

    发明人： Michael E. Gorman

    IPC分类号： H01M8/04

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04223 ,  H01M2300/0082 ,  H01M8/04029

    摘要： A self-inerting fuel cell system has a membrane/electrode assembly (MEA). A first fine pore plate is positioned at an anode side of the MEA and defines a fuel reactant flow field and a coolant flow field. A second fine pore plate is positioned at a cathode side of the MEA and defines an oxidant reactant flow field and a coolant flow field. A first means drives the fuel reactant flow field; a second means drives the oxidant flow field, and a third means drives the coolant flow field at a pressure less than that of the pressures of the reactant flow fields during on load operation of the fuel cell system. An air valve is coupled to an inlet or exit port of the oxidant flow field. A controller opens the air valve and activates the reactant and coolant flow fields during fuel cell operation, and closes the air valve and de-activates the reactant and coolant flow fields during fuel cell shut down which results in coolant flooding into the reactant flow fields to thereby inert the fuel cell system during shut down.

    摘要翻译： 一种自给自足的燃料电池系统具有膜/电极组件（MEA）。 第一细孔板位于MEA的阳极侧，并且限定燃料反应物流场和冷却剂流场。 第二细孔板位于MEA的阴极侧，并且限定氧化剂反应物流场和冷却剂流场。 第一种手段驱动燃料反应物流场; 第二装置驱动氧化剂流场，并且第三装置在燃料电池系统的负载运行期间以低于反应物流场的压力的压力驱动冷却剂流场。 空气阀联接到氧化剂流场的入口或出口。 控制器打开空气阀并在燃料电池操作期间启动反应物和冷却剂流场，并关闭空气阀并在燃料电池关闭期间使反应物和冷却剂流场停用，这导致冷却剂淹没到反应物流场中 从而在关闭期间使燃料电池系统惰性化。