摘要:
An electrochemical processor may include a head having a rotor configured to hold a work piece, with the head moveable to position the rotor in a vessel. Inner and outer anodes are in inner and outer anolyte chambers within the vessel. An upper cup in the vessel, has a curved upper surface and inner and outer catholyte chambers. A current thief is located adjacent to the curved upper surface. Annular slots in the curved upper curved surface connect into passageways, such as tubes, leading into the outer catholyte chamber. Membranes may separate the inner and outer anolyte chambers from the inner and outer catholyte chambers, respectively.
摘要:
In a workpiece processor (10), a head (12) is moveable onto a bowl (56) to form a process chamber (58). A workpiece (100) can be cleaned in the processor by immersing the workpiece into a liquid bath in the bowl and then boiling the liquid. Vacuum may be applied to the chamber to reduce the pressure within the chamber, thereby reducing the boiling temperature of the liquid and allowing processing at lower temperatures. In a separate method for prewetting a workpiece, a humid gas is provided into the process chamber and condenses on the workpiece. In another separate method for wetting a workpiece, liquid water is provided into the bowl, with the workpiece above the liquid water. Water vapor is created in the process chamber by applying vacuum to the process chamber. The vapor wets the workpiece. The workpiece is then further wetted by submerging the workpiece into the liquid water.
摘要:
The present invention provides for modified reoviruses that carry a-helical epitopes from a variety of pathogens, as well as methods of using such modified reoviruses to generate immune responses against those epitopes in hosts.
摘要:
Reactors with agitators and methods for processing microfeature workpieces with such reactors. The agitators are capable of obtaining high, controlled mass-transfer rates that result in high quality surfaces and efficient wet chemical processes. The agitators generate high flow velocities in the fluid and contain the high energy fluid proximate to the surface of the workpiece to form high quality surfaces when cleaning, etching and/or depositing materials to/from a workpiece. The agitators also have short stroke lengths so that the footprints of the reactors are relatively small. As a result, the reactors are efficient and cost effective to operate. The agitators are also designed so that electrical fields in the processing solution can effectively operate at the surface of the workpiece.
摘要:
A wet chemical processing chamber comprising a fixed unit, a detachable unit releasably coupled to the fixed unit, a seal contacting the fixed unit and the detachable unit, and a processing component disposed in the fixed unit and/or the detachable unit. The fixed unit can have a first flow system configured to direct a processing fluid through the fixed unit and a mounting fixture for fixedly attaching the fixed unit to a platform or deck of an integrated processing tool. The detachable unit can include a second flow system configured to direct the processing fluid to and/or from the first flow system of the fixed unit. The seal has an orifice through which processing fluid can flow between the first and second flow systems, and the processing component can impart a property to the processing fluid for processing a surface on a microfeature workpiece having submicron microfeatures.
摘要:
A process for metallization of a workpiece, such as a semiconductor workpiece. In an embodiment, an alkaline electrolytic copper bath is used to electroplate copper onto a seed layer, electroplate copper directly onto a barrier layer material, or enhance an ultra-thin copper seed layer which has been deposited on the barrier layer using a deposition process such as PVD. The resulting copper layer provides an excellent conformal copper coating that fills trenches, vias, and other microstructures in the workpiece. When used for seed layer enhancement, the resulting copper seed layer provide an excellent conformal copper coating that allows the microstructures to be filled with a copper layer having good uniformity using electrochemical deposition techniques. Further, copper layers that are electroplated in the disclosed manner exhibit low sheet resistance and are readily annealed at low temperatures.
摘要:
The facility for selecting and refining electrical parameters for processing a microelectronic workpiece in a processing chamber. The optimizer (step 70) utilizes two sets of input parameters along with the sensitivity table/matrix to calculate the required electrical parameters. The optimizer (step 70) performs a first plating cycle using known set of parameters. The test workpiece may be subject to thickness measurements (step 72) using a metrology station, producing aset of parameters containing thickness measurments at each of a number of points on the test work piece. The optimizer compares (step 74) the physical characteristics of the test workpiece measured (step 72) against a second set of input parameters.
摘要:
A processing container (610) for providing a flow of a processing fluid during immersion processing of at least one surface of a microeletronic workpiece is set forth. The processing container comprises a principal fluid flow chamber (505) providing a flow of processing fluid to at least one surface of the workpiece and a plurality of nozzles (535) disposed to provide a flow of processing fluid to the principal fluid flow chamber. The plurality of nozzles are arranged and directed to provide vertical and radial fluid flow components that combine to generate a substantially uniform normal flow component radially across the surface of the workpiece. An exemplary apparatus using such a processing container is also set forth that is particularly adapted to carry out an electroplating process. In accordance with a further aspect of the present disclosure, an improved fluid removal path (640) is provided for removing fluid from a principal fluid flow chamber during immersion processing of a microelectronic workpiece.
摘要:
An embossed article having one or more adhesive patterns serving to operatively attach a release paper. A method for attaching a release paper to a backsheet having depressed regions.
摘要:
Embodiments of the invention generally provide for flow battery cells, systems containing a plurality of flow battery cells, and methods for improving metal plating within the flow battery cell, such as by flowing and exposing the catholyte to various types of cathodes. In one embodiment, a flow battery cell is provided which includes a cathodic half cell and an anodic half cell separated by an electrolyte membrane, wherein the cathodic half cell contains a plurality of cathodic wires extending perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to and within the catholyte pathway and in contact with the catholyte, and each of the cathodic wires extends parallel or substantially parallel to each other. In some examples, the plurality of cathodic wires may have at least two arrays of cathodic wires, each array contains at least one row of cathodic wires and each row extends along the catholyte pathway.