Abstract:
A process for co-production of ammonia, urea and methanol from natural gas, comprising the steps of (a) producing a synthesis gas by simultaneous feeding natural gas to an autothermal reformer (ATR) and to a steam methane reformer (SMR), the two reformers running in parallel, (b) feeding air to an air separation unit (ASU), where the air is split into oxygen, which is fed to the ATR, and nitrogen, (c) subjecting the synthesis gas from the SMR to a water gas shift, (d) removing the carbon dioxide from the synthesis gas from step (c) and leading it to urea synthesis in a urea synthesis unit, (e) combining the hydrogen-rich gas from step (d) with the nitrogen from step (b), removing catalyst poisons from the gases and leading the gas mixture to ammonia synthesis in an ammonia synthesis unit, (f) optionally removing part of the carbon dioxide from the syngas from the ATR in step (a) and leading it to urea synthesis in a urea synthesis unit and (g) leading the syngas from step (f) to the methanol synthesis unit, wherein synthesis gas from step (a) may be led either from the ATR outlet to the SMR outlet upstream from the shift stage or the other way.
Abstract:
A burner with a plurality of oxidant gas pipes distributed throughout the cross section of the burner and process gas in plug flow provides even mixing of the oxidant and the process gas.
Abstract:
In a broad form the present disclosure relates to a stabilized catalyst support comprising in oxide form; aluminum, zirconium, and one or more lanthanoid elements taken from the lanthanoid group of the periodic system characterized in that at least a part of the aluminum is present as transition alumina such as χ, κ, γ, δ, ρ and θ-alumina, characterized in the concentration of zirconium being at least 1.5 wt %, 5 wt % or 10 wt %, the concentration of lanthanoid being at least 0.5 wt %, 1.0 wt %, 2 wt % or 4 wt % and the combined concentration of zirconium and lanthanoid being at least 4 wt %, 7 wt % or 10 wt %, with the associated benefit of a support comprising transition alumina being a high surface area due to the small crystallites typical for transition alumina, and the benefit of the combined presence of oxides of zirconium and lanthanoid in the stated amounts being that at these levels these oxides stabilize the structure of the transition alumina.
Abstract:
Process for the co-production of methanol and urea from a hydrocarbon feed without venting large amounts of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.
Abstract:
Process and catalyst for upgrading gasoline comprising durene (1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene) and pseudodocumene, the process comprises hydroisomerization of durene (1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene) and pseudocumene (1,2,4-trimethylbenzene) contained in the gasoline in presence of a catalyst comprising a sulfided base metal supported on an acidic carrier, thereby converting durene (1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene) to isodurene (1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene) and prehnitene (1,2,3,4-tetramethylbenzene) and converting pseudocumene (1,2,4-trimethylbenzene) to mesitylene (1,3,5-trimethylbenzene).
Abstract:
A reactor system and a process for carrying out the methanol cracking and reverse water gas shift reaction of a feedstock comprising methanol to synthesis gas are provided, where the heat for the endothermic methanol cracking and reverse water gas shift reaction is provided by resistance heating.
Abstract:
A plant and process for producing a hydrogen rich gas are provided, the process including the steps of: reforming a hydrocarbon feed in a reforming step thereby obtaining a synthesis gas including CH4, CO, CO2, H2 and H2O; shifting the synthesis gas in a shift configuration including a high temperature shift step; removal of CO2 upstream hydrogen purification unit, such as a pressure swing adsorption unit (PSA), and recycling off-gas from hydrogen purification unit and mix it with natural gas upstream prereformer feed preheater, prereformer, reformer feed preheater or ATR or shift as feed for the process.
Abstract:
A reactor system and a process for carrying out the ammonia cracking reaction of a feed gas comprising ammonia to hydrogen are provided, where the heat for the endothermic ammonia cracking reaction is provided by resistance heating.
Abstract:
A method for the generation of a gas mixture including carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen for use in hydroformylation plants, including the steps of evaporating water to steam; feeding the steam to a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) or an SOEC stack at a sufficient temperature for the cell or cell stack to operate while effecting a partial conversion of steam to hydrogen; utilizing the effluent SOEC gas including H2 together with CO2 from an external source as feed for a RWGS reactor in which the RWGS reaction takes place, converting some of the CO2 and H2 to CO and H2O; removing some of or all the remaining steam from the raw product gas stream; using said gas mixture comprising CO, CO2 and H2 for liquid phase hydroformylation utilizing carbon monoxide and hydrogen as reactants, while recycling CO2 to the RWGS reactor.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to multi-bed catalytic reactor with a cylindrical shape comprising a mixing device mounted between two catalyst beds in the reactor, said mixing device comprises connected pipe segments forming mixing section and discharging section.