摘要:
The present invention is directed to thin film composite membrane (TFC membrane) comprising a substrate layer (S) based on a sulfonated polymer, e.g. a sulfonated polyarylether, and a polyamide film layer (F) and further to a method for their preparation. Furthermore, the present invention is directed to osmosis processes, in particular to forward osmosis (FO) processes, using said membrane.
摘要:
A method is provided for controlling operation of a pedal cycle (10) having a rear hub-mounted electro-mechanical transmission arrangement in which a chain-driven rear sprocket (80), an input electrical machine (120) and the hub (100) are each coupled to a respective branch of a three-branch epicyclic gear set (140). Allowing for natural variations in input torque by a cyclist over a cycle of the crank arms (50), a substantially constant current is caused to exist in the input electrical machine (120) such that a change in torque applied by the cyclist results in a change in transmission ratio between the rear sprocket (80) and the hub (100), thereby providing a form of automatic and continuously variable transmission for the pedal cycle (10).
摘要:
Thermoplastic molding compositions comprising A) from 10 to 99% by weight of at least one thermoplastic polyamide, B) from 0.01 to 30% by weight of at least one highly branched or hyperbranched polyetheramine, C) from 0 to 70% by weight of further added materials, where the total of the percentages by weight of components A) to C) is 100%; the use of polyetheramines for improving the flowability and/or thermal stability of polyamides; and to the use of the molding compositions for the production of fibers, of foils, or of moldings of any type, and also to the resultant fibers, foils, or moldings.
摘要:
The present invention relates to molding compositions comprising (A) from 29 to 89% by weight of at least one polyarylene ether sulfone having an average number of phenolic end groups per chain of from 0 to 0.2, (B) from 0.5 to 20% by weight of a thermotropic polymer, (C) from 0.5 to 10% by weight of a polyarylene ether having predominantly OH end groups, (D) from 10 to 70% by weight of at least one fibrous or particulate filler, (E) from 0 to 40% by weight of additives or processing aids, where the total of the proportions by weight is 100% by weight, based on the thermoplastic molding composition.
摘要:
The present invention provides a footwear article with arch support and cushioning. The footwear article maybe in the form of a sandal including but not limited to a thong sandal, such as a flip flop.
摘要:
A process for preparing polyaryl ethers in which a polycondensation of the monomer building blocks is carried out using microwave irradiation leads to thermoplastic molding compositions having improved color properties.
摘要:
The invention relates to a thermoplastic molding composition containing at least one polyester, a compound of the formula (I) a mixture of compounds of the formula (II) and optionally additional compounds and additives. The invention further relates to the use of the thermoplastic molding composition for the producing fibers, foils and moldings. The invention further relates to fibers, foils and moldings containing the thermoplastic molding composition.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a thermoplastic molding composition which comprises the following components: A) from 10 to 50% by weight of at least one polyarylene ether having an average of at most 0.5 phenolic end groups per polymer chain and having no carboxy groups, B) from 5 to 44.5% by weight of at least one polyphenylene sulfide, C) from 10 to 65% by weight of at least one fibrous and/or particulate filler, D) from 0.5 to 20% by weight of an elastic graphite, E) from 0 to 20% by weight of at least one polyarylene ether comprising carboxy groups, F) from 0 to 20% by weight of at least one polyarylene ether having an average of at least 1.5 phenolic end groups per polymer chain and having no carboxy groups, and G) from 0 to 40% by weight of at least one additive where the sum of the proportions by weight of components A) to G) is 100% by weight, based on the molding composition.
摘要:
The present invention relates to processes for preparing copolymers A) with a reduced soil particle content, comprising 49.2 to 93.2% by weight of structural units which derive from one or more vinylaromatic monomers (component A1)), 6 to 50% by weight of structural units which derive from one or more vinyl cyanides (component A2)), 0.8 to 7% by weight of structural units which derive from one or more dicarboxylic anhydrides (component A3)) and 0 to 25% by weight of structural units which derive from further copolymerizable monomers (component A4)), where the percentages by weight are each based on the total weight of the structural units which derive from components A1), A2), A3) and A4), and together add up to 100% by weight, by bulk or solution polymerization, it being essential to the invention that the mathematical product of the percentages by weight of the structural units which derive from component A2) and the percentages by weight of the structural units which derive from component A3) in the copolymer A) is in the range from 40%2 by weight to 65%2 by weight. The present invention further relates to the copolymers A), to thermoplastic molding materials comprising the copolymers A), to the use of the copolymers A) and of the thermoplastic molding materials, and to the moldings, films, fibers and foams obtainable from the copolymers A) and the thermoplastic molding materials.
摘要:
The epitaxial layer defects generated from voids of a silicon substrate wafer containing added hydrogen are suppressed by a method for producing an epitaxial wafer by: growing a silicon crystal by the Czochralski method comprising adding hydrogen and nitrogen to a silicon melt and growing from the silicon melt a silicon crystal having a nitrogen concentration of from 3×1013 cm−3 to 3×1014 cm−3, preparing a silicon substrate by machining the silicon crystal, and forming an epitaxial layer at the surface of the silicon substrate.