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11.发明授权Optimized threshold search in analog memory cells using separator pages of the same type as read pages 有权使用与读取页面相同类型的分隔符页面在模拟记忆体单元中优化阈值搜索公开(公告)号：US08830746B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-09
申请号：US13905580
申请日：2013-05-30
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Maya Barkon , Meir Dalal , Moti Teitel , Micha Anholt
CPC classification number: G11C27/00 , G11C11/5642 , G11C16/3418 , G11C29/021 , G11C29/028
Abstract: A method includes reading a group of analog memory cells using first explicit read thresholds, to produce first readout results. The group is re-read using second explicit read thresholds, to produce second readout results. The group is read using one or more sets of auxiliary thresholds so as to produce auxiliary readout results, such that the number of the auxiliary thresholds in each set is the same as the number of the first explicit read thresholds and the same as the number of the second explicit read thresholds. A readout performance of third read thresholds, which include at least one of the first explicit read thresholds and at least one of the second explicit read thresholds, is evaluated using the first, second and auxiliary readout results.
Abstract translation: 一种方法包括使用第一显式读取阈值读取一组模拟存储器单元，以产生第一读出结果。 使用第二显式读取阈值重新读取该组，以产生第二读取结果。 使用一组或多组辅助阈值读取组，以产生辅助读出结果，使得每组中的辅助阈值的数量与第一显式读取阈值的数量相同，并且与第 第二个显式读取阈值。 使用第一，第二和辅助读出结果评估包括第一显式读取阈值和至少一个第二显式读取阈值中的至少一个的第三读取阈值的读出性能。
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公开(公告)号：US20170338838A1
公开(公告)日：2017-11-23
申请号：US15156356
申请日：2016-05-17
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Yonathan Tate , Moti Teitel
CPC classification number: H03M13/116 , H03M13/1108 , H03M13/1111 , H03M13/1128
Abstract: A decoder includes one or more Variable-Node Processors (VNPs) that hold respective variables, and logic circuitry. The logic circuitry is configured to decode a code word of an Error Correction Code (ECC), which is representable by a set of check equations, by performing a sequence of iterations such that each iteration involves processing of at least some of the variables, to hold one or more auxiliary equations derived from the check equations, so that a number of the auxiliary equations is smaller than a number of the check equations, to evaluate the auxiliary equations, during the sequence of iterations, using the variables, and, in response to detecting that the variables satisfy the auxiliary equations, to terminate the sequence of iterations and output the variables as the decoded code word.
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公开(公告)号：US20170111061A1
公开(公告)日：2017-04-20
申请号：US14883657
申请日：2015-10-15
Applicant: APPLE INC.
Inventor： Tomer Ish-Shalom , Moti Teitel
CPC classification number: H03M13/2906 , H03M13/098 , H03M13/19 , H03M13/616 , H03M13/617
Abstract: An apparatus for data coding includes an encoder and a decoder. The encoder is configured to receive input data including one or more m-bit data groups that are associated with respective group indices, to generate a code word that includes the input data and an m-bit redundancy that depends on the data groups and on the respective group indices, and to send the code word over a channel. The decoder is connected to the channel and is configured to produce a syndrome that equals zero when the code word is error-free, and when the code word contains a single error caused by the channel, is indicative of an erroneous group in which the single error occurred, and of a location of the single error within the erroneous group, and to recover the input data by correcting the single error at the location in the erroneous group.
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公开(公告)号：US20160147504A1
公开(公告)日：2016-05-26
申请号：US14551110
申请日：2014-11-24
Applicant: APPLE INC.
Inventor： Micha Anholt , Moti Teitel
CPC classification number: G06F7/724 , G06F7/552 , G06F7/5525 , G06F2207/5526
Abstract: A method includes receiving a first element of a Galois Field of order qm, where q is a prime number and m is a positive integer. The first element is raised to a predetermined power so as to form a second element z, wherein the predetermined power is a function of qm and an integer p, where p is a prime number which divides qm−1. The second element z is raised to a pth power to form a third element. If the third element equals the first element, the second element multiplied by a pth root of unity raised to a respective power selected from a set of integers between 0 and p−1 is output as at least one root of the first element.
Abstract translation: 一种方法包括接收秩序q m的伽罗瓦域的第一元素，其中q是素数，m是正整数。 将第一元件升高到预定的功率以形成第二元件z，其中预定功率是qm和整数p的函数，其中p是除以qm-1的素数。 第二元件z升高到第p个功率以形成第三元件。 如果第三元素等于第一元素，则将第二元素乘以第p个单位根提升到从0和p-1之间的整数集合中选择的相应功率作为第一元素的至少一个根。
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15.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20160092301A1
公开(公告)日：2016-03-31
申请号：US14499207
申请日：2014-09-28
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Tomer Ish-Shalom , Eyal Gurgi , Moti Teitel
CPC classification number: G06F11/1068 , G06F11/1012 , G11C29/52 , H03M13/45
Abstract: A method for data storage includes reading storage values, which represent stored data, from a group of memory cells using read thresholds, and deriving respective soft reliability metrics for the storage values. The storage values are classified into two or more subgroups based on a predefined classification criterion. Independently within each subgroup, a subgroup-specific distribution of the storage values in the subgroup is estimated, and the soft reliability metrics of the storage values in the subgroup are corrected based on the subgroup-specific distribution. The stored data is decoded using the corrected soft reliability metrics.
Abstract translation: 一种用于数据存储的方法包括：使用读取阈值从一组存储器单元读取表示存储数据的存储值，以及导出用于存储值的相应的软可靠性度量。 基于预定义的分类标准将存储值分类为两个或更多个子组。 在每个子组内独立地估计子组中存储值的子组特定分布，并且基于子组特定分布来校正子组中的存储值的软可靠性度量。 使用校正的软可靠性度量对存储的数据进行解码。
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Patent Agency Ranking
16.发明授权Data storage management in analog memory cells using a non-integer number of bits per cell 有权使用每个单元的非整数位的模拟存储单元中的数据存储管理公开(公告)号：US09230655B2
公开(公告)日：2016-01-05
申请号：US14135881
申请日：2013-12-20
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Moti Teitel , Maya Barkon , Micha Anholt , Naftali Sommer
CPC classification number: G11C11/5628 , G11C7/1006 , G11C11/56 , G11C11/5642 , G11C11/5671 , G11C16/08 , G11C16/10 , G11C16/107 , G11C16/26 , G11C16/3427
Abstract: A method for data storage includes, in a first programming phase, storing first data in a group of memory cells by programming the memory cells in the group to a set of initial programming levels. In a subsequent second programming phase, second data is stored in the group by identifying the memory cells in the group that were programmed in the first programming phase to respective levels in a predefined partial subset of the initial programming levels, and programming only the identified memory cells with the second data, so as to set at least some of the identified memory cells to one or more additional programming levels that are different from the initial programming levels. The memory cells to which the second data was programmed are recognized by reading only a partial subset of the first data. The second data is read from the recognized memory cells.
Abstract translation: 一种用于数据存储的方法包括在第一编程阶段中通过将组中的存储器单元编程为一组初始编程级别来将第一数据存储在一组存储器单元中。 在随后的第二编程阶段，通过将在第一编程阶段中编程的组中的存储器单元识别为初始编程级的预定义部分子集中的相应级别，并且仅编程所识别的存储器，将第二数据存储在组中 具有第二数据的单元，以便将所识别的存储器单元中的至少一些设置为与初始编程电平不同的一个或多个附加编程电平。 通过仅读取第一数据的部分子集来识别第二数据被编程到的存储器单元。 从识别的存储器单元读取第二数据。
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17.发明授权公开(公告)号：US09136015B2
公开(公告)日：2015-09-15
申请号：US13908041
申请日：2013-06-03
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Micha Anholt , Eyal Gurgi , Barak Baum , Moshe Neerman , Moti Teitel
CPC classification number: G11C29/021 , G06F11/1072 , G11C11/56 , G11C11/5628 , G11C11/5642 , G11C16/00 , G11C29/028 , G11C29/42
Abstract: A method, in a memory including multiple analog memory cells, includes segmenting a group of the memory cells into a common section and at least first and second dedicated sections. Each dedicated section corresponds to a read threshold that is used for reading a data page to be stored in the group. Data to be stored in the group is jointly balanced over a union of the common section and the first dedicated section, and over the union of the common section and the second dedicated section, to create a balanced page such that for each respective read threshold an equal number of memory cells will be programmed to assume programming levels that are separated by the read threshold. The balanced page is stored to the common and dedicated sections, and the read thresholds are adjusted based on detecting imbalance between data values in readout results of the balanced page.
Abstract translation: 一种在包括多个模拟存储器单元的存储器中的方法包括将一组存储器单元分成公共部分和至少第一和第二专用部分。 每个专用部分对应于用于读取要存储在组中的数据页的读取阈值。 要存储在组中的数据通过公共部分和第一专用部分的并集，并且在公共部分和第二专用部分的联合之间共同平衡，以创建平衡页面，使得对于每个相应的读取阈值 相同数量的存储器单元将被编程为假设由读取阈值分开的编程电平。 平衡页面存储到公共和专用部分，并且基于检测平衡页面的读出结果中的数据值之间的不平衡来调整读取阈值。
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18.发明申请OPTIMIZED THRESHOLD SEARCH IN ANALOG MEMORY CELLS USING SEPARATOR PAGES OF THE SAME TYPE AS READ PAGES 有权优化的阈值搜索模拟记忆细胞使用相同类型的分隔符页作为阅读页公开(公告)号：US20130258738A1
公开(公告)日：2013-10-03
申请号：US13905580
申请日：2013-05-30
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Maya Barkon , Meir Dalal , Moti Teitel , Micha Anholt
IPC: G11C27/00
CPC classification number: G11C27/00 , G11C11/5642 , G11C16/3418 , G11C29/021 , G11C29/028
Abstract: A method includes reading a group of analog memory cells using first explicit read thresholds, to produce first readout results. The group is re-read using second explicit read thresholds, to produce second readout results. The group is read using one or more sets of auxiliary thresholds so as to produce auxiliary readout results, such that the number of the auxiliary thresholds in each set is the same as the number of the first explicit read thresholds and the same as the number of the second explicit read thresholds. A readout performance of third read thresholds, which include at least one of the first explicit read thresholds and at least one of the second explicit read thresholds, is evaluated using the first, second and auxiliary readout results.
Abstract translation: 一种方法包括使用第一显式读取阈值读取一组模拟存储器单元，以产生第一读出结果。 使用第二显式读取阈值重新读取该组，以产生第二读取结果。 使用一组或多组辅助阈值读取组，以产生辅助读出结果，使得每组中的辅助阈值的数量与第一显式读取阈值的数量相同，并且与第 第二个显式读取阈值。 使用第一，第二和辅助读出结果评估包括第一显式读取阈值和至少一个第二显式读取阈值中的至少一个的第三读取阈值的读出性能。
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公开(公告)号：US10382069B2
公开(公告)日：2019-08-13
申请号：US14823061
申请日：2015-08-11
Applicant: APPLE INC.
Inventor： Moti Teitel , Tomer Ish-Shalom , Yonathan Tate
Abstract: A method for data encoding includes receiving a data vector to be encoded into a code word in accordance with a code defined by a parity-check matrix H. An intermediate vector s is produced by multiplying the data vector by a data sub-matrix Hs of the parity-check matrix H. A parity part of the code word is derived by applying a sequence of operations to the intermediate vector s based on a decomposition of a parity sub-matrix Hp of the matrix H using matrices A, C, U and V, in which decomposition A is a block triangular matrix that has the same size as Hp, C is matrix that is smaller than Hp, and the matrices U and V are placement matrices that are selected so that A, C, U and V satisfy a matrix equation Hp=A+UCV.
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公开(公告)号：US20170351569A1
公开(公告)日：2017-12-07
申请号：US15169825
申请日：2016-06-01
Applicant: Apple Inc.
Inventor： Moti Teitel , Tomer Ish-Shalom
CPC classification number: G06F11/1068 , G11C16/26 , G11C29/021 , G11C29/028 , G11C29/52 , G11C2029/0411 , H03M13/1148
Abstract: A storage device includes a memory that includes storage circuitry and a memory including multiple memory cells. The storage circuitry is configured to store in a group of the memory cells data that was encoded using an error correcting code (ECC) consisting of multiple component codes, to define multiple threshold settings, each specifying positions of one or more reading-thresholds, to read the data from the memory cells in the group using the threshold settings and decode the read data using the component codes, to calculate for the component codes respective component-code scores that are indicative of levels of confidence in the decoded data of the component-codes, to select, based on the component-code scores, a threshold setting that is expected to result in a best readout performance among the multiple threshold settings, and to read data from the memory using the selected threshold setting.
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