摘要:
To develop a small quantity of various kinds of semiconductor devices in a short time and to realize a photomask suitable to be manufactured at a low cost. A shade pattern of a photomask is constituted by containing nanoparticles such as carbon in an organic film such as a photoresist film. A pattern is transferred to a photoresist on a semiconductor wafer by means of the reduction projection exposure using the photomask. At the time of the above exposure, it is possible to select exposure light within a range of wide wavelengths including i-line, KrF excimer laser beam, ArF excimer laser beam, or the like.
摘要:
The invention provides a method for making a thin strap in a stable molten state in producing a plate group for a lead acid storage battery by integrally welding lugs of a plurality of plates of the same polarity by cast-on-strap process. According to the method, the strap is formed in the following manner. A molten lead is fed in a strap forming tool surrounded by an induction heating coil; control of the temperature of the molten lead and preheating of the tips of the plate lugs are carried out by the induction heating coil; the tips of the lugs is dipped in the molten lead and kept at a given temperature; and, thereafter, the mold is forcedly cooled to solidify the molten lead.
摘要:
A small-sized, low cost to manufacture and use wastewater treating biological film tank by which wastewater produced in a single home can be treated in each home. A treating tank has arranged therein multi continuous-pore soft ceramic biological film elements. Waste or raw water is supplied into the tank through a waste/raw water supply pipe arranged in the top of the tank, pushed up through a cylindrical guide by the action of air bubbles forced into the tank through an air bubble generator arranged in the bottom of the tank, and then forced to flow over the cylindrical guide into and through the multi continuous-pore soft ceramic biological film elements wherein the water is purified by microorganisms which digest the nutrients in the waste or raw water. The surface area of each multi continuous-pore ceramic biological film element is about 25 times larger than the surface area of a conventional plastic biological film element.
摘要:
An engine having a fuel injector for normally feeding a lean air-fuel mixture into the engine cylinders. Ignition timing is determined so that it is suitable for the lean air-fuel mixture. The gear changing operation of the transmission of the engine is detected from the change in the engine speed and the change in the absolute pressure in the intake passage. When the gear changing operation is carried out, a rich air-fuel mixture is fed into the engine cylinders, and the ignition timing is retarded.
摘要:
In an internal combustion engine having a throttle valve, a flag or switch having hysteresis characteristics using the operation of the throttle valve is provided.
摘要:
In an internal combustion engine wherein feedback control of the air-fuel ratio is carried out in accordance with the concentration of a specific composition in the exhaust gas, so that the air-fuel ratio is close to an predetermined target air-fuel ratio on the lean side with respect to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, the rate of fuel cut-off for a definite time period is calculated. When the rate of fuel cut-off is larger than a predetermined value, the air-fuel feedback control is stopped.
摘要:
Disclosed is an engine having a swirl control valve in the intake port. When the engine is operating under a partial load, a lean air-fuel mixture is fed into the engine cylinders, and the swirl control valve is closed in order to create a swirl motion in the combustion chamber. When the throttle valve is fully open, a rich air-fuel mixture is fed into the engine cylinders, and the swirl control valve is closed. In addition, the ignition timing is retarded. After this, when the throttle valve is slightly closed, the swirl control valve is maintained at the open position, and the air-fuel mixture of an approximately stoichiometric air-fuel ratio is fed into the engine cylinders. At the same time, the ignition timing is slightly advanced.
摘要:
The feeding rate of fuel supplied to an internal combustion engine is changed by a quantity depending upon the variation rate of the engine load when the engine is decelerating. Thus, the fuel-feeding rate during deceleration can be controlled to an optimum value, causing fuel consumption and engine response to improve.
摘要:
A motor may include a stationary section and a rotating section. The stationary section may include a stator core having a plurality of teeth and a coil including a conducting wire wound around each tooth. The rotating section may include a plurality of magnets arranged radially inside the coil, a rotor core, and a magnet holder holding the magnets. Each magnet may have a circumferential end face at each of both end portions in the circumferential direction. The magnet holder may include a columnar portion axially extending between adjacent magnets, and a wall surface spreading in the circumferential direction from the columnar portion. The wall surface may come into contact with a surface arranged radially outside the circumferential end face of the magnet. The circumferential end face on at least one side of the magnet may face the columnar portion with a gap interposed therebetween in the circumferential direction.
摘要:
Provided are an inter-board connection terminal with which electrical connection between two boards can be simplified, the operability and productivity thereof can be enhanced, and reliability of electrical connection can also be ensured, as well as an inverter and an electric compressor employing the same. An inter-board connection terminal includes a group of numerous metal terminals which is inserted, individually at both tips thereof, into through-holes in boards to electrically connect two boards, wherein paired resin linking members are provided, which have a predetermined space therebetween with respect to the group of metal terminals and which join the group of metal terminals into a single unit by linking the terminals in the form of a row at both tips thereof near the bases of portions to be inserted into the through-holes in the boards.