Abstract:
A process for preparing and converting synthesis gas, which has a plurality of different operating states which consist essentially of mutually alternating (i) daytime operation and (ii) nighttime operation, daytime operation (i) comprising principally dry reforming and steam reforming with supply of renewable energy, and nighttime operation (ii) comprising principally the partial oxidation of hydrocarbons, and the synthesis gas produced being used to produce products of value.
Abstract:
The present invention is in the field of the high-throughput research for liquid and multi-phase reactions. Thereby, the invention relates to a process for the simultaneous realization of at least one chemical reaction in at least two separate reaction vessels (10), wherein said process comprises at least the following steps: (i) providing at least one reaction mixture per reaction vessel (10); to (ii) pneumatic agitation of the reaction mixture in at least one reaction vessel by means of bringing the reaction mixture into contact with at least one fluid phase (18), wherein the at least one chemical reaction is carried out in at least one of the reaction vessels (10) in the batch mode and the reaction mixture contains at least one liquid phase (14). Thereby, the fluid phase (18) is supplied to the at least one reaction vessel (10) within a defined period and is at least partially discharged from the reaction vessel. The reaction mixturee may further comprise another immiscible liquid phase (14′) and/or solid phase (16). Furthermore, the present invention relates to the device, which pertains to the process.
Abstract:
In a process for preparing alcohols by catalytic hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds over a catalyst comprising rhenium on activated carbon, the catalyst used comprises rhenium (calculated as metal) in a weight ratio to the activated carbon of from 0.0001 to 0.5, platinum (calculated as metal) in a weight ratio to the activated carbon of from 0.0001 to 0.5 and, if appropriate, at least one further metal selected from among Zn, Cu, Ag, Au, Ni, Fe, Ru, Mn, Cr, Mo, W and V in a weight ratio to the activated carbon of from 0 to 0.25, and the activated carbon has been nonoxidatively pretreated. It is also possible to prepare ethers and lactones if the hydrogen pressure is not more than 25 bar. In this case, the activated carbon in the catalyst may also have been nonoxidatively pretreated.
Abstract:
Process for the detection of a product in the discharge of a catalytic material of a plurality of catalytic materials which are exposed to a reaction gas, whereby an adsorbent selective for the product to be determined is disposed in the discharge of each catalytic material, which changes at least one of its properties through the contact with the product to be determined and the change in the property of the adsorbent is then ascertained. The process serves in particular to determine the selectivity and activity of catalytic materials.
Abstract:
A process for preparing and converting synthesis gas, which has a plurality of different operating states which consist essentially of mutually alternating (i) daytime operation and (ii) nighttime operation, daytime operation (i) comprising principally dry reforming and steam reforming with supply of renewable energy, and nighttime operation (ii) comprising principally the partial oxidation of hydrocarbons, and the synthesis gas produced being used to produce products of value.
Abstract:
Spirocyclic cyclohexane compounds corresponding to formula I a process for manufacturing such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions that contain such compounds, and the use of such spirocyclic cyclohexane compounds for the production of pharmaceuticals, and particularly for the treatment of pain.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for testing building blocks, which are identical or different, of a library of materials, comprising at least two building blocks, for performance characteristics, comprising a sequence of the following steps: 4) testing of at least one library building block for at least one performance characteristic; 5) detecting at least one measurable quantity, to which at least one performance characteristic of the at least one library building block can be assigned by at least one sensor, wherein at least one of the steps (4) and (5) is performed continuously.
Abstract:
Spirocyclic cyclohexane compounds corresponding to formula I a process for manufacturing such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions that contain such compounds, and the use of such spirocyclic cyclohexane compounds for the production of pharmaceuticals, and particularly for the treatment of pain.
Abstract:
Processes for the liquid phase oxidation of one or more of a para- or a meta-substituted dialkyl aromatic compound are disclosed, the processes including a step of combining in a reaction medium the one or more para- or meta-substituted dialkyl aromatic compound, a solvent mixture comprising water and a saturated organic acid having from 2-4 carbon atoms, and an oxygen-containing gas, at a temperature from about 130° C. to about 180° C., in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising cobalt, manganese, bismuth, and bromine. The processes produce the corresponding aromatic dicarboxylic acid product with improved conversion, while reducing the formation of carbon oxides.
Abstract:
A process for preparing an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of an α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, wherein a) an alkene, carbon dioxide and a carboxylation catalyst are converted to an alkene/carbon dioxide/carboxylation catalyst adduct, b) the adduct is decomposed to release the carboxylation catalyst with an auxiliary base to give the auxiliary base salt of the α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, c) the auxiliary base salt of the α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid is reacted to release the auxiliary base with an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal base to give the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt of the α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid. Salts of α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, such as sodium acrylate in particular, are required in large amounts, for example, for production of water-absorbing resins.