Method for determining a state of a rechargeable battery device in real time
    13.
    发明授权
    Method for determining a state of a rechargeable battery device in real time 有权
    用于实时确定可再充电电池装置的状态的方法

    公开(公告)号:US09091735B2

    公开(公告)日:2015-07-28

    申请号:US12912407

    申请日:2010-10-26

    IPC分类号: G01R31/36

    CPC分类号: G01R31/3651 G01R31/3624

    摘要: A method of determining and predicting a state of a rechargeable battery device in real time involves measuring a current and a voltage of the rechargeable battery in real time, inputting the measured current and voltage into an algorithm, and applying the algorithm to determine the state of the rechargeable battery. The algorithm includes a first mathematical model based on a direct solution of at least one differential equation characterizing an equivalent RC circuit of the battery as a function of time. The first model generates a plurality of parameters that are usable to determine the state of the battery. The algorithm further includes a second mathematical model configured to regress the parameters over time, and a third mathematical model configured to estimate the state of the battery.

    摘要翻译: 实时地确定和预测可再充电电池装置的状态的方法包括实时地测量可再充电电池的电流和电压,将测量的电流和电压输入到算法中,并且应用该算法来确定 充电电池。 该算法包括基于表征电池的等效RC电路的至少一个微分方程作为时间的函数的直接解的第一数学模型。 第一模型产生可用于确定电池状态的多个参数。 该算法还包括被配置为随着时间推移退化参数的第二数学模型,以及被配置为估计电池的状态的第三数学模型。

    Modified carbon material and process of making and using the same
    14.
    发明授权
    Modified carbon material and process of making and using the same 有权
    改性碳材料及其制造和使用过程

    公开(公告)号:US09035089B2

    公开(公告)日:2015-05-19

    申请号:US13230054

    申请日:2011-09-12

    申请人: Ping Liu

    发明人: Ping Liu

    IPC分类号: C07C309/00 C07C309/10

    CPC分类号: C07C309/10 C07B2200/11

    摘要: A method of making modified carbon materials for use in fabricating fuel cell components. The modified carbon may comprise pendant fluorocarbon groups bonded covalently bonded thereto. In one embodiment, a mixture is formed and comprises carbon material suitable for use in a fuel cell component, an organic solvent, a compound having the general formula I—R wherein R is a fluorocarbon, and a reductant.

    摘要翻译: 制造用于制造燃料电池部件的改性碳材料的方法。 改性碳可以包括与其共价键合的侧链碳氟基团。 在一个实施方案中,形成混合物,并且包含适合用于燃料电池组分,有机溶剂,具有通式I-R的化合物,其中R为碳氟化合物的碳材料和还原剂。

    Three-dimensional electrodes with conductive foam for electron and lithium-ion transport
    15.
    发明授权
    Three-dimensional electrodes with conductive foam for electron and lithium-ion transport 有权
    具有导电泡沫的三维电极用于电子和锂离子传输

    公开(公告)号:US08962190B1

    公开(公告)日:2015-02-24

    申请号:US13316501

    申请日:2011-12-10

    摘要: The current thickness limitations of battery electrodes are addressed. An electrode includes an electrically conductive porous foam layer, an energy-storage material in contact with the porous foam layer, and electrically conductive porous foam protrusions extending from the porous foam layer into the energy-storage material. The energy-storage material is not contained within the pores of the foam layer or the foam protrusions. These electrodes allow lithium ions (and other metal ions, if desired) to diffuse deeper into a thick energy-storage material layer, compared to conventional planar electrodes. In particular methods, fluidic foam precursors can be templated in a mold, followed by conversion into a solid conductive foam that includes the electrically conductive porous foam protrusions. The result is batteries with surprisingly high energy densities.

    摘要翻译: 解决了电池电极的当前厚度限制。 电极包括导电多孔泡沫层,与多孔泡沫层接触的能量存储材料,以及从多孔泡沫层延伸到储能材料中的导电多孔泡沫突起。 能量储存材料不包含在泡沫层或泡沫突起的孔内。 与常规平面电极相比,这些电极允许锂离子(和其它金属离子,如果需要)扩散到较厚的储能材料层。 在具体的方法中,流体泡沫前体可以在模具中模板化,随后转变成包括导电多孔泡沫突起物的固体导电泡沫体。 结果是具有令人惊讶的高能量密度的电池。

    Regenerative fuel cell and hydrogen storage system
    18.
    发明授权
    Regenerative fuel cell and hydrogen storage system 有权
    再生燃料电池和储氢系统

    公开(公告)号:US08871393B1

    公开(公告)日:2014-10-28

    申请号:US12403783

    申请日:2009-03-13

    申请人: Ping Liu John Vajo

    发明人: Ping Liu John Vajo

    IPC分类号: H01M8/00

    摘要: A regenerative fuel cell is provided by the present invention. In the methods and systems described herein, a source of fuel is partially oxidized to release protons and electrons, without total oxidation to carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide. The partially oxidized fuel can be regenerated, by reduction, when the fuel cell is reversed. Other variations of the invention provide a convenient system for hydrogen storage, including steps for both release and recapture of hydrogen.

    摘要翻译: 本发明提供再生式燃料电池。 在本文所述的方法和系统中,燃料源被部分氧化以释放质子和电子,而没有完全氧化成一氧化碳或二氧化碳。 当燃料电池反转时,部分氧化的燃料可通过还原再生。 本发明的其它变型提供了一种方便的储氢系统,包括释放和再捕获氢的步骤。

    Method of forming dielectric layer with a dielectric composition
    19.
    发明授权
    Method of forming dielectric layer with a dielectric composition 有权
    用电介质组合物形成电介质层的方法

    公开(公告)号:US08821962B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-09-02

    申请号:US12957461

    申请日:2010-12-01

    摘要: An electronic device, such as a thin-film transistor, includes a substrate and a dielectric layer formed from a dielectric composition. The dielectric composition comprises a dielectric material and a low surface tension additive. The low surface tension additive allows for the formation of a thin, smooth dielectric layer with fewer pinholes and enhanced device yield. In particular embodiments, the dielectric material comprises a lower-k dielectric material and a higher-k dielectric material. When deposited, the lower-k dielectric material and the higher-k dielectric material form separate phases.

    摘要翻译: 诸如薄膜晶体管的电子器件包括由电介质组合物形成的衬底和电介质层。 电介质组合物包括介电材料和低表面张力添加剂。 低表面张力添加剂允许形成具有更少针孔和增强的器件产量的薄的平滑介电层。 在特定实施例中,介电材料包括较低介电常数材料和较高介电常数材料。 当沉积时,较低k电介质材料和较高介电材料形成分离相。