公开(公告)号：US3831565A

公开(公告)日：1974-08-27

申请号：US39595473

申请日：1973-09-10

申请人： AVERY H

发明人： AVERY H

IPC分类号： F02B75/18 ,  F02B75/22 ,  F02B75/32 ,  F01L11/00

CPC分类号： F02B75/32 ,  F02B75/222 ,  F02B2075/1816

摘要： An internal combustion engine comprising a block providing four equiangularly arranged cylinders opening toward a common center, a piston reciprocable in each cylinder, each piston comprising a main body formed at its outer end with an outwardly tapering port, and a plug for closing the tapered port at times, a first drive piston reciprocable across the common center and cooperative with one diametrically opposed pair of plugs, a second drive piston reciprocable across the common center and cooperative with the other diametrically opposed pair of plugs, a link connected at one end to the first drive piston and connected at its other end to the second drive piston, a rotor mounted on an axis which is perpendicular to the plane which is common to the axes of the cylinders, and a pivot connecting the midportion of the link eccentrically to the rotor to drive the rotor when the drive pistons are reciprocated in sequence.

摘要翻译： 一种内燃机，包括一块提供四个等角度布置的朝向公共中心开口的气缸的缸体，一个可在每个气缸中往复运动的活塞，每个活塞包括一个主体，该主体在其外端形成有向外锥形的端口，以及一个用于封闭锥形端口的塞子 有时，第一驱动活塞能够跨越公共中心往复运动，并且与一对直径相对的一对插塞协作，第二驱动活塞可以跨越公共中心往复运动，并与另一直径相对的一对插头协作，一端连接到 第一驱动活塞并且在其另一端连接到第二驱动活塞，转子安装在垂直于与圆柱体的轴线共同的平面的轴线上，以及将连杆的中部偏心连接到转子的枢轴 当驱动活塞依次往复运动时驱动转子。

公开(公告)号：US10161446B2

公开(公告)日：2018-12-25

申请号：US15528143

申请日：2015-11-17

申请人： SAFRAN AIRCRAFT ENGINES

发明人： Serge René Morreale

IPC分类号： F16C32/06 ,  F16C17/02 ,  F16C33/10 ,  F01D11/04 ,  F16J15/34 ,  F01L11/00 ,  F16C32/00 ,  F16J15/00

摘要： A mechanical assembly includes two mechanical parts rotatable relative to each other. A first part is provided with a cylindrical cavity, a second part (34) has at least one cylindrical portion engaged in the cylindrical cavity of the first part, and a gap separates the cylindrical portion and the wall of the cylindrical cavity so as to allow relative movement in rotation between the first part and the second part (34). A lubricant distribution network (37, 38) is configured for feeding the gap with a fluid lubricant so as to form a fluid bearing. A first surface (34s) selected from the inside surface of the cylindrical cavity of the first part and the outside surface of the cylindrical portion of the second part is provided with at least two lubricant admission orifices.

公开(公告)号：US20050091980A1

公开(公告)日：2005-05-05

申请号：US10949574

申请日：2004-09-27

申请人： Paul van de Loo

发明人： Paul van de Loo

IPC分类号： F01L15/10 ,  F01B29/12 ,  F01K13/02 ,  F01L3/20 ,  F01L11/00 ,  F01L11/02 ,  F01L25/06 ,  F01L25/08 ,  F01L33/04

CPC分类号： F01L33/04 ,  F01L11/02 ,  F01L25/06 ,  F01L25/08

摘要： The invention relates to a reciprocating engine and a working fluid inlet system therefore. The engine includes at least one cylinder with a reciprocating piston therein and a variable volume expansion chamber capable of receiving a working fluid via an inlet valve. The inlet system includes a pilot valve having an open condition and a closed condition. In the open condition, the secondary fluid passes therethrough to act on the inlet valve. The system also includes an actuating means for controlling the condition of the pilot valve. The inlet valve is adapted to open in response to the action of the secondary fluid. The engine may also include exhaust means, possibly by porting in the piston and a cylinder wall. The working fluid may be used as the secondary fluid.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及往复式发动机和工作流体入口系统。 发动机包括至少一个具有往复运动的活塞的气缸，以及能够经由入口阀接收工作流体的可变体积膨胀室。 入口系统包括具有打开状态和关闭状态的先导阀。 在打开状态下，二次流体通过其作用在入口阀上。 该系统还包括用于控制先导阀的状态的致动装置。 入口阀适于响应于次级流体的作用而打开。 发动机还可以包括排气装置，可能通过移入活塞和气缸壁。 工作流体可以用作次流体。

公开(公告)号：US5775289A

公开(公告)日：1998-07-07

申请号：US645217

申请日：1996-05-13

申请人： Takeo Yoshida ,  Takahiro Suzuki

发明人： Takeo Yoshida ,  Takahiro Suzuki

IPC分类号： F01N3/04 ,  F01N13/00 ,  F01N13/10 ,  F01N13/12 ,  F02B23/10 ,  F02B25/14 ,  F02B61/02 ,  F02B61/04 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02B75/12 ,  F02B75/18 ,  F02B75/20 ,  F02M51/06 ,  F02M53/04 ,  F02M61/14 ,  F02M61/18 ,  F02M69/04 ,  F02M69/10 ,  F02M69/46 ,  F01L11/00 ,  F02B33/04

CPC分类号： F02M61/1826 ,  F01N13/004 ,  F01N13/10 ,  F01N13/12 ,  F01N3/04 ,  F01N3/043 ,  F02B23/104 ,  F02B23/105 ,  F02B25/14 ,  F02B61/02 ,  F02B61/045 ,  F02B75/20 ,  F02D41/3094 ,  F02D41/345 ,  F02M51/0678 ,  F02M51/0682 ,  F02M53/04 ,  F02M61/14 ,  F02M61/1806 ,  F02M69/045 ,  F02M69/10 ,  F02M69/462 ,  F01N2590/021 ,  F02B2023/103 ,  F02B2023/108 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F02B2075/125 ,  F02B2075/1812 ,  F02B2275/18 ,  F02B33/04 ,  F02D2041/389 ,  F02D2200/101 ,  F02D2400/04 ,  F02D41/34 ,  Y02T10/123 ,  Y02T10/125 ,  Y02T10/20 ,  Y02T10/44

摘要： A number of embodiments of engines having direct cylinder injection wherein the fuel injector is positioned so as to be shrouded by the piston during at least a portion of its stroke. This permits the use of less expensive and lower pressure fuel injection nozzles. The spray pattern of the injector is chosen so that some fuel is sprayed toward the spark plug to provide stratification, but the major portion is directed toward the head of the piston so to as insure a homogeneous mixture when operating at high speed, high load conditions.

摘要翻译： 具有直接气缸喷射的发动机的多个实施例，其中燃料喷射器被定位成在其行程的至少一部分期间被活塞遮住。 这允许使用较便宜和较低压力的燃料喷射喷嘴。 喷射器的喷射模式被选择为使得一些燃料朝向火花塞喷射以提供分层，但是主要部分被引向活塞的头部，以便在高速，高负载条件下运行时确保均匀的混合物 。

公开(公告)号：US5271358A

公开(公告)日：1993-12-21

申请号：US853496

申请日：1992-03-18

申请人： Masahiko Katoh ,  Masanori Takahashi

发明人： Masahiko Katoh ,  Masanori Takahashi

IPC分类号： F02B1/04 ,  F02B33/04 ,  F02B33/38 ,  F02B33/44 ,  F02B61/04 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02B75/12 ,  F02D41/34 ,  F02M69/04 ,  F02M69/08 ,  F02M69/10 ,  F02M31/00 ,  F01L11/00

CPC分类号： F02D41/34 ,  F02B33/04 ,  F02B33/38 ,  F02B33/44 ,  F02M69/045 ,  F02M69/08 ,  F02M69/10 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F02B2075/125 ,  F02B61/045 ,  F02D2400/04 ,  Y02T10/123 ,  Y02T10/44

摘要： A fuel injection system for engines that employs a fuel injector that sprays into a chamber to which compressed air is delivered and which chamber communicates with the combustion chamber through a port that is opened and closed by the reciprocation of the piston in a reciprocating engine. The source of compressed air may either be an air compressor or a crankcase chamber of the engine and the air compressor and/or crankcase chamber may also provide scavenging air for the engine. A variety of port arrangements are disclosed which include either single ports or a plurality of ports either circumferentially or axially spaced from each other and disposed between either the scavenge ports and exhaust ports or around a scavenge port or an exhaust port. Various arrangements are disclosed for improving the vaporization of the fuel in the chamber in which it is injected. Also, a control routine is described whereby it is insured that all of the fuel will be discharged from the chamber into which it is injected during each cycle of opening and closing of the injection port so as to improve fuel economy and reduce hydrocarbon emissions.

摘要翻译： 一种用于发动机的燃料喷射系统，其使用喷射到压缩空气被输送到的室中的燃料喷射器，以及哪个室通过活塞在往复式发动机中的往复运动而打开和关闭的端口与燃烧室连通。 压缩空气源可以是发动机的空气压缩机或曲轴箱室，空气压缩机和/或曲轴箱室也可以为发动机提供清扫空气。 公开了各种端口布置，其包括单个端口或多个端口，其彼此周向地或轴向间隔开并且布置在清除端口和排气端口之间或围绕清除口或排气口。 公开了用于改善喷射室内的燃料蒸发的各种布置。 此外，还描述了一种控制程序，从而确保在喷射口的打开和关闭的每个循环期间，所有的燃料将从其注入的室中排出，以提高燃料经济性并减少碳氢化合物排放。

公开(公告)号：US3730150A

公开(公告)日：1973-05-01

申请号：US3730150D

申请日：1971-10-20

申请人： CODNER S

发明人： CODNER S

IPC分类号： F01L13/00 ,  F02D13/02 ,  F16H25/10 ,  F01L1/34 ,  F01L11/00

CPC分类号： F02D13/0215 ,  F01L13/0042 ,  F02D13/0261 ,  F16H25/10 ,  Y02T10/18

摘要： An internal combustion engine with means to selectively control valve operation to achieve improved operating efficiency resulting in decreased exhaust pollution, added power and faster acceleration, easier start-up, and smoother idle. The amount of valve lift duration and overlap between the exhaust and intake valves is controlled in one embodiment by means of selectively axially shifting a camshaft formed with lobes contoured with ramp surfaces which vary in axial extent. Shifting of the cam carries the lobes into operating relationship with their associated valve operating means so that in one position a predetermined lobe ramp contour produces a relatively short overlap period for optimum engine operation at start-up, idling and low speed conditions, and at progressively axial spaced camshaft positions varied lobe ramp contours are moved into operating relationship with the cam followers to cause an increase in valve overlap for optimum operation at high speed engine conditions.

摘要翻译： 具有选择性地控制阀门操作以实现改进的操作效率的装置的内燃机，其导致减少的排气污染，附加的功率和更快的加速度，更容易的起动和更平滑的空转。 在一个实施例中，通过选择性地轴向移动形成有凸起轴的凸轮轴，其轮廓具有在轴向范围上变化的坡道表面，来控制排气和进气门之间的气门提升持续时间和重叠量。 凸轮的移动将凸起带动与其相关联的阀操作装置的操作关系，使得在一个位置中，预定的凸角斜坡轮廓产生相对短的重叠周期，用于在启动，空转和低速条件下的最佳发动机运行，并且逐渐地 轴向间隔的凸轮轴位置变化的凸角斜面轮廓与凸轮从动件移动到操作关系中，以引起阀重叠的增加，以在高速发动机条件下进行最佳操作。

公开(公告)号：US5809947A

公开(公告)日：1998-09-22

申请号：US919040

申请日：1997-08-27

申请人： Kevin R. Thompson

发明人： Kevin R. Thompson

IPC分类号： F01L11/02 ,  F01L11/00

CPC分类号： F01L11/02

摘要： A valve is provided for a piston of a two stroke engine wherein the piston has a sidewall and top and bottom surfaces with the top surface having a first opening therein and a second opening extending between the top and bottom surfaces for receiving the valve, and wherein the piston has a plurality of pressure relief openings extending between the top and bottom surfaces. The valve comprises a valve plate positioned in the opening in the top surface overlaying the pressure relief openings with the valve plate having a central opening extending parallel to the sidewall. The valve plate is movable from a seated position covering the pressure relief openings to an unseated position exposing the pressure relief openings when pressure inside the piston exceeds a predetermined value. A retainer pin has an elongated body extending through the central opening in the valve plate, a head atop the retainer pin overlying the valve plate, and a hollow end portion flared radially outward against the bottom surface of the piston to limit upward movement of the retainer pin. The valve opens on the downstroke of the piston to relieve some of the crankcase pressure allowing the piston to descend with less resistance.

摘要翻译： 为二冲程发动机的活塞提供阀，其中活塞具有侧壁和顶表面和底表面，顶表面在其中具有第一开口，第二开口在顶表面和底表面之间延伸以用于接纳阀，并且其中 活塞具有在顶表面和底表面之间延伸的多个压力释放开口。 所述阀包括位于所述顶表面中的所述开口中的阀板，所述阀板覆盖所述压力释放开口，所述阀板具有平行于所述侧壁延伸的中心开口。 当活塞内部的压力超过预定值时，阀板可以从覆盖压力释放开口的就座位置移动到暴露压力释放开口的非转动位置。 保持销具有延伸穿过阀板中的中心开口的细长主体，覆盖在阀板上的保持销顶部的头部以及抵靠活塞底表面径向向外张开的中空端部，以限制保持器的向上运动 销。 阀门在活塞的下行程打开，以减轻曲轴箱压力的一些压力，允许活塞以较小的阻力下降。

公开(公告)号：US5249557A

公开(公告)日：1993-10-05

申请号：US831786

申请日：1992-02-05

申请人： Masahiko Katoh ,  Masanori Takahashi

发明人： Masahiko Katoh ,  Masanori Takahashi

IPC分类号： F01L3/20 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B25/14 ,  F02B33/04 ,  F02B33/38 ,  F02B33/44 ,  F02B61/04 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02B75/12 ,  F02M69/04 ,  F02M69/08 ,  F02M69/10 ,  F01L11/00

CPC分类号： F02M69/045 ,  F01L3/205 ,  F02B25/14 ,  F02B33/04 ,  F02B33/38 ,  F02B33/44 ,  F02M69/08 ,  F02M69/10 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F02B2075/125 ,  F02B61/045 ,  Y02T10/123

摘要： A fuel injection system for engines that employs a fuel injector that sprays into a chamber to which compressed air is delivered and which chamber communicates with the combustion chamber through a port that is opened and closed by the reciprocation of the piston if applied to a reciprocating engine. The source of compressed air may either be an air compressor or a crankcase chamber of the engine and the air compressor and/or crankcase chamber may also provide scavenging air for the engine. A variety of port arrangements are disclosed which include either single ports or a plurality of ports either circumferentially or axially spaced from each other and disposed between either the scavenge ports and exhaust ports or around a scavenge port or an exhaust port.

摘要翻译： 一种用于发动机的燃料喷射系统，其使用喷射器，其喷射到压缩空气被输送到的室中，以及哪个室通过活塞的往复运动打开和关闭的端口与燃烧室连通，如果应用于往复式发动机 。 压缩空气源可以是发动机的空气压缩机或曲轴箱室，空气压缩机和/或曲轴箱室也可以为发动机提供清扫空气。 公开了各种端口布置，其包括单个端口或多个端口，其彼此周向地或轴向间隔开并且布置在清除端口和排气端口之间或围绕清除口或排气口。

公开(公告)号：US4455974A

公开(公告)日：1984-06-26

申请号：US223314

申请日：1981-01-08

申请人： Wilbur Shapiro ,  Sargit S. Bupara

发明人： Wilbur Shapiro ,  Sargit S. Bupara

IPC分类号： F16C32/06 ,  F16J1/02 ,  F01L11/00

CPC分类号： F16C32/0685 ,  F16J1/02

摘要： A gas bearing supported piston assembly (2) for an internal combustion engine including a piston body (14, 14') and a segmented piston ring (3) arranged to expand to compensate for wear. A piston supporting gas layer (27) is formed between the cylinder walls (8) and the exterior surface of each piston ring segment (32) by means of a plurality of restricted flow passages (40) formed in each segment (32) and extending between the inner and outer surfaces of the segment (32). In one embodiment, gas under pressure is supplied to the ring segments (32) through a single annular cavity (36) formed in piston body (14). In another embodiment, gas under pressure is supplied to the ring segments (32) through a plurality of corresponding holes (70) in piston body (14').

摘要翻译： 一种用于内燃机的气体轴承支撑活塞组件（2），其包括活塞体（14,14'）和分段式活塞环（3），所述分段式活塞环（3）被布置成膨胀以补偿磨损。 活塞支撑气体层（27）通过形成在每个段（32）中的多个限制流动通道（40）形成在气缸壁（8）和每个活塞环段（32）的外表面之间，并延伸 在所述段（32）的内表面和外表面之间。 在一个实施例中，压力下的气体通过形成在活塞体（14）中的单个环形空腔（36）供应到环形段（32）。 在另一个实施例中，在压力下的气体通过活塞体（14'）中的多个对应的孔（70）供应到环形段（32）。

公开(公告)号：US4294201A

公开(公告)日：1981-10-13

申请号：US9490

申请日：1979-02-05

申请人： Robert V. Swartz

发明人： Robert V. Swartz

IPC分类号： F02B1/04 ,  F02B25/02 ,  F02B33/04 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02F3/22 ,  F01L11/00 ,  F02B25/12

CPC分类号： F02B25/02 ,  F02B33/04 ,  F02F3/22 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2075/025

摘要： A two-stoke cycle combustion-engine with crank-chamber compression is described, free of charging transfer passages external to the cylinder, with pumping-displacement exceeding working-displacement for responsive intake and thorough scavenging of spent-gas residue, and featuring an annular water-cooled cell, suspended from the cylinder-head by several water-conduits, and cooperating with an annular recess in the piston-head so as to form, and transversely separate, a plain working-chamber and an annular working-chamber, longitudinally scavengeable in series, bottom-to-top and top-to-bottom, respectively, with minimal loss of charge to exhaust-port, such a system of scavenging also reducing piston cooling-problems and misfiring associated with charge-dilution (in gasoline-engines operating under partial-charge conditions). In addition, a more general scavenging principle is enunciated and claimed, applicable to rear-compression and separately-scavenged two-stroke engines.

摘要翻译： 描述了具有曲轴室压缩的双行程循环燃烧发动机，在气缸外部没有充气传递通道，泵送位移超过工作位移，用于响应进气并彻底清除废气残留物，并具有环形 水冷电池，通过几个水管从气缸头悬挂，并与活塞头中的环形凹部配合，以形成和横向地分离平面工作室和环形工作室，纵向 分别从底部到顶部和顶部到底部可分离，排气口的充电损失最小，这样一种清除系统也减少了活塞冷却问题和与充电稀释相关的失火（在汽油 - 发动机在部分充电条件下运行）。 另外，更为通用的清扫原理得到了阐述，并且声称适用于后压缩和单独清扫的二冲程发动机。