Abstract:
An antifuse circuit includes a terminal, an antifuse, and a select transistor. The antifuse is coupled to the terminal and has an associated program voltage. The select transistor is coupled to the antifuse and has a gate terminal coupled to receive a first select signal. The select transistor operates in a snapback mode of operation in response to an assertion of the first select signal and the program voltage at the terminal.
Abstract:
This invention relates to methods for rapid nucleic acid purification from sources heavily contaminated with high particulate material, such as cellular debris, and solids, including suspended solids. In particular, this invention provides methods for rapid, quantifiable recovery and purification of nucleic acids from a variety of sources heavily contaminated with solids, such as small organisms, tissue samples, samples of blood found on soil, or samples of washing from foods, which are frequently difficult sources for nucleic acid isolation due to their propensity to clog filters and columns. A device and kit are also provided.
Abstract:
The invention relates to methods, a kit, and an apparatus for detecting and analyzing genetic material from a biological sample. The method can be used to analyze samples from a wide variety of sources, including tissues, blood, plasma, sera, mucus, urine, saliva, sweat, semen, and cultures, as well as analyzing samples of contaminated water, food, beverages, and other items.
Abstract:
A medium for storage and subsequent analysis of a genetic material includes a support for immobilizing the genetic material thereon and allowing subsequent elution of the genetic material therefrom and a coating functionally associated with the support for enabling cellular lysis and releasing the genetic material from the lysed cells while stabilizing the immobilized released genetic material. A method of storing the genetic material and subsequently analyzing the genetic material includes the steps of immobilizing the genetic material on a support while enabling cellular lysis and release of genetic material from the lysed cells and stabilizing the immobilized released genetic material on the support. The genetic material is then eluted to generate a soluble genetic material fraction. The eluted genetic material can be analyzed.
Abstract:
A substrate processing apparatus having a supply of substrates, a substrate transport module, and a substrate processing module. The transport module has a movable arm assembly and two substrate holders mounted to the movable arm assembly. The substrate holders each have two separate holding areas for simultaneously holding two substrates. The movable arm assembly has two pairs of driven arms. Each pair of driven arms is connected to a separate one of the holders for extending and retracting the holders along a radial path relative to a center of the movable arm assembly.
Abstract:
The presence of an article at a specified location is detected by measuring a change in capacitance which is caused by the placement of the article at the specified location. The device used for this measurement includes an oscillator the frequency whereof is rendered highly sensitive to the capacitance being measured by structure which includes a triaxial cable and by electrical circuitry which includes a voltage follower circuit.
Abstract:
A multi port apparatus (220,440) provides for the treatment of material. Such apparatus comprises at least one wafer (240,320,410), each wafer comprising a central area (246,325,416) providing a plurality of members (18,303,309,360) arranged in a plurality of layers (262,306,308,432) first peripheral support means (241,321,411) encompassing the central area and having upper and lower surfaces (244,245,324,414,415); second peripheral support means (248,326,418), having upper and lower surfaces (251,252,330,421,422) and carried radially outwardly from the first peripheral support means; and a plurality of separate bore fluid chambers (253-256, 335-338, 423-426) defined between the first and second peripheral support means and communicable with the central area; vessel means (228,448) providing a first port (221,441) a second port (222,442) and a plurality of separate bore fluid port means (223-226, 443-446) communicating with the four separate bore fluid chambers; and means for compressing (234,454) at least one wafer within the apparatus. The present invention also provides three and four port apparatus (60,180). Multi-chambered wafers (240,320,410) are provided as well as wafers (200,280,300,350 and 460) for use in the multi port apparatus. Finally, methods for the manufacture of wafers are provided.
Abstract:
A process for the selective dialysis of liquid streams containing different materials comprises the steps of providing a porous membrane in a cell, the membrane having pores of sufficient dimension to allow passage of the different materials therethrough, circulating an affinity adsorbent stream against a first side of the membrane, where the adsorbent has a dimension larger than that of the pores and has a binding capacity for at least one but not all of the different materials and, passing the liquid stream containing the different materials against a second side of the membrane whereby certain of the materials become bound to the adsorbent upon passing through the membrane to the first side thereof and become separated from others of the materials which can return to the second side of the membrane. A separate stripping process is also provided which can be employed in conjunction with the dialysis process or alone where it is desirable to remove bound materials from an affinity adsorbent material.
Abstract:
A scrubbing process for high feed concentrations of different materials in liquid streams. The process calls for providing a porous membrane in a cell, the membrane having pores of sufficient dimension to allow passage of the different materials therethrough; providing a first stream comprising the different materials in a liquid carrier, providing a second stream comprising an affinity adsorbent in a second liquid carrier, wherein the affinity adsorbent has a dimension larger than that of the pores and has a preferred binding capacity for at least one but not all of the different materials; mixing the first and second streams together to form a composite mixture wherein a portion of the different materials become bound to the affinity adsorbent and a portion of the different materials remain essentially unbound to the affinity adsorbent; and passing the composite mixture against a first side of the membrane while passing a liquid carrier for any of the unbound material against a second side of the membrane to produce a first exit stream containing the affinity adsorbent and a high concentration of at least one of the different materials and a second exit stream containing the liquid carrier and a high concentration of at least one of the other different materials.
Abstract:
A permselective ion-exchange membrane, preferably comprising hollow fiber(s) immersed within a regenerant, is used to selectively neutralize or suppress the conductivity of electrolyte in a stream of eluent also containing chromatographically separated ions. The invention particularly specifies a chromatographic separating column useful with an electrolyte eluent solution to separate ionic species by elution chromatography, wherein the effluent of the separator column is treated by the described membrane to suppress the conductivity of the electrolyte but not that of the separated ions.