摘要:
An optical modulator and an optical transmission system convert continuous light of a multiple wavelength light source, which generates the continuous light with a fixed and complete phase but different frequencies, to a modulator driving signal so as to generate a light subcarrier with each frequency at the center and modulate the continuous light to the light subcarrier by using the modulator driving signal. In the case where an optical modulation is carried out by an optical IQ-modulator, transmitting data, for example, is converted to two parallel data A(t) and B(t), an I phase signal, in which the data A(t)+B(t) are modulated with a clock signal with a frequency ω, and a Q phase signal, in which the data A(t)−B(t) are modulated with a clock signal with a π/2 phase shifted, are generated, and the I phase signal and the Q phase signal are applied to electrodes of the optical IQ-modulator, respectively.
摘要:
An optical modulator and an optical transmission system convert continuous light of a multiple wavelength light source, which generates the continuous light with a fixed and complete phase but different frequencies, to a modulator driving signal so as to generate a light subcarrier with each frequency at the center and modulate the continuous light to the light subcarrier by using the modulator driving signal. In the case where an optical modulation is carried out by an optical IQ-modulator, transmitting data, for example, is converted to two parallel data A(t) and B(t), an I phase signal, in which the data A(t)+B(t) are modulated with a clock signal with a frequency ω, and a Q phase signal, in which the data A(t)−B(t) are modulated with a clock signal with a π/2 phase shifted, are generated, and the I phase signal and the Q phase signal are applied to electrodes of the optical IQ-modulator, respectively.
摘要:
A parameter of an adaptive filter is optimized so that inter-symbol interference having an amount corresponding to an inserted fixed filter remains. A digital signal processing apparatus which is included in an optical signal receiver and processes a digital signal converted from an optical signal is provided with: a linear adaptive filter which applies a dynamically controllable linear transfer function to the digital signal; a maximum likelihood sequence decoder which applies a transfer function of a transmission-path model to a plurality of signal sequence candidates to generate a plurality of reference signals, and decodes a reception signal using maximum likelihood sequence estimation which evaluates the differences between an output signal of the linear adaptive filter and the reference signals to estimate the most likely transmission time sequence; a signal regenerator which generates a signal corresponding to decoded data from the maximum likelihood sequence decoder; a feedback distortion adding filter which adds distortion that is equivalent to the transmission-path model used in the maximum likelihood sequence decoder to an output signal of the signal regenerator; and an adaptive equalization filter control block which updates a tap coefficient of the linear adaptive filter in accordance with an LMS algorithm using the difference between a target signal that is an output signal of the feedback distortion adding filter and the digital signal as an error signal.
摘要:
A parameter of an adaptive filter is optimized so that inter-symbol interference having an amount corresponding to an inserted fixed filter remains. A digital signal processing apparatus which is included in an optical signal receiver and processes a digital signal converted from an optical signal is provided with: a linear adaptive filter which applies a dynamically controllable linear transfer function to the digital signal; a maximum likelihood sequence decoder which applies a transfer function of a transmission-path model to a plurality of signal sequence candidates to generate a plurality of reference signals, and decodes a reception signal using maximum likelihood sequence estimation which evaluates the differences between an output signal of the linear adaptive filter and the reference signals to estimate the most likely transmission time sequence; a signal regenerator which generates a signal corresponding to decoded data from the maximum likelihood sequence decoder; a feedback distortion adding filter which adds distortion that is equivalent to the transmission-path model used in the maximum likelihood sequence decoder to an output signal of the signal regenerator; and an adaptive equalization filter control block which updates a tap coefficient of the linear adaptive filter in accordance with an LMS algorithm using the difference between a target signal that is an output signal of the feedback distortion adding filter and the digital signal as an error signal.
摘要:
A synthetic resin cup container including two members: a cup body having a cylindrical shape and a bottom disposed at a lower end of a round peripheral sidewall of this cup body, and a flange unit including a fitting cylinder and a brim-like flange, an inner edge portion of the flange being integrally connected to an upper end of the fitting cylinder, wherein the flange unit is detachably fitted in an upper portion of the cup body by fitting the fitting cylinder in an upper portion of the peripheral sidewall.
摘要:
A new and distinct Trifolium cultivar named ‘TFLRS03-0’ is disclosed, characterized by unique green foliage with dark red variegation. Leaflets typically occur in quantites of 4 over more than 50% of plant. Plants are compact. The new variety is a Trifolium, typically produced as an ornamental plant.
摘要:
A roughened cured material allows reduction of surface roughness and increase in adhesive strength between a cured object and a metal layer. A roughened cured material is obtained by advancing curing of an epoxy resin material to obtain a preliminary-cured material and conducting roughening treatment on a surface of the preliminary-cured material. The epoxy resin material contains an epoxy resin, a curing agent, and a silica whose mean particle diameter is not smaller than 0.2 μm but not larger than 1.2 μm. When a roughening-treated surface of the roughened cured material is photographed with a scanning electron microscope, in a 5 μm×5 μm sized area of the roughening-treated surface in a photographed image, the number of particles of the silica that are exposed from the roughening-treated surface and whose exposed portions have a maximum length of 0.3 μM or longer in the image is not greater than 15.
摘要:
There is provided a resin fan capable of enhancing the mechanical strength in a weld part in view of the direction of reinforcing fiber. On the outer peripheral surface 16a of a cylindrical rib 16, convex parts 30 are formed in the middle portions between the portions in which radial ribs 18 adjoining each other are connected to the cylindrical rib 16. The cylindrical rib 16 is formed so that the thickness T in the radial direction thereof is decreased gradually from the base part 16c thereof toward the tip end part 16d. Further, the height H1 of the cylindrical rib 16 is set so as to be larger than the height H2 of the radial rib 18. Thereby, at the time of molding, the resin flows in the portions of the cylindrical rib 16 and the convex parts 30 are complicated, and thereby the orientation of glass fiber mixed in the resin is complicated.
摘要:
Provided are: a carbon fiber bundle which has a large value of single-fiber fineness and excellent productivity and which, despite this, contains few interlaced single fibers therein and has excellent spreadability; and precursor fibers which are suitable for use in producing the carbon fiber bundle. The precursor fibers are a carbon-fiber-precursor acrylic fiber bundle which comprises a polyacrylonitrile copolymer comprising 95-99 mol % acrylonitrile units and 1-5 mol % hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate units and which has a single-fiber fineness of 1.5-5.0 dtex. In the acrylic fiber bundle, the cross-section of each single fiber which is perpendicular to the fiber axis has a shape that has a roundness of 0.9 or less. The roundness is a value determined using equation (1) where S and L are the cross-sectional area and the circumferential length, respectively, of a single fiber which are obtained by examining, with an SEM, the cross-section of the single fiber which is perpendicular to the fiber axis and analyzing the obtained image. Roundness=4pS/L2 (1)
摘要:
Provided is a propeller fan that can prevent deformation of the propeller fan while maintaining the basic performance thereof, such as the air blowing performance, efficiency, and noise performance. In a plastic propeller fan including a hub and a plurality of blades integrally molded in a radial pattern on the outer circumference of the hub, assuming that the radial size of each blade from the base to the outer peripheral edge is 100, a ring member that joins the plurality of blades together is provided at a dimension position of 5 to 45 from the outer peripheral edge.