Abstract:
The present disclosure is directed to methods and composition used in the preparation of alpha-hydroxy carboxylic acids and esters from higher sugars using a tandem catalyst system comprising retro-aldol catalysts and Lewis acid catalysts. In some embodiments, these alpha-hydroxy carboxylic acids may be prepared from pentoses and hexoses. The retro-aldol and Lewis catalysts may be characterized by their respective ability to catalyze a 1,2-carbon shift reaction and a 1,2-hydride shift reaction on an aldose or ketose substrate.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to methods for preparing sorbose from glucose, said method comprising: (a) contacting the glucose with a silica-containing structure comprising a zeolite having a topology of a 12 membered-ring or larger, an ordered mesoporous silica material, or an amorphous silica, said structure containing Lewis acidic Ti4+ or Zr4+ or both Ti4+ and Zr4+ framework centers, said contacting conducted under reaction conditions sufficient to isomerize the glucose to sorbose. The sorbose may be (b) separated or isolated; or (c) converted to ascorbic acid.
Abstract:
The present disclosure is related to silica-based Lewis acid catalysts, being essentially devoid of strong Brønsted acid character, and their ability to effect the [4+2] cycloaddition and dehydrative aromatization of dienes and dienophiles containing oxygenated substituents to form substituted benzene products. In some embodiments, the processes comprise contacting biomass-derived substrates with ethylene to form terephthalic acid and its derivatives.
Abstract:
Linear cyclodextrin copolymers and linear oxidized cyclodextrin copolymers containing an unoxidized and/or an oxidized cyclodextrin moiety integrated into the polymer backbone are described. Methods of preparing such copolymers are also described. The linear cyclodextrin copolymer and linear oxidized cyclodextrin copolymer of the invention may be used as a delivery vehicle of various therapeutic agents.
Abstract:
The invention provides a composition containing particulate composite of a polymer and a therapeutic agent. The composition also contains a complexing agent. The polymer interacts with the complexing agent in a host-guest or a guest-host interaction to form an inclusion complex. A therapeutic composition of the invention may be used to deliver the therapeutic agent and to treat various disorders. Both the polymer of the particulate composite and the complexing agent may be used to introduce functionality into the therapeutic composition. The invention also relates to a method of preparing a composition. The method combines a therapeutic agent, a polymer having host or guest functionality, and a complexing agent having guest or host functionality to form the therapeutic composition. The complexing agent forms an inclusion complex with the polymer. The invention also relates to a method of delivering a therapeutic agent. According to the method, a therapeutically effective amount of a therapeutic composition of the invention is administered to a mammal (e.g. person or animal) in recognized need of the therapeutic. Also disclosed are compounds having the formula:
Abstract:
Described herein are carrier nanoparticles comprising a polymer containing a polyol coupled to a polymer containing a boronic acid, configured to present the polymer containing a boronic acid to an environment external to the nanoparticle. Targeted versions of the described nanoparticles are also described, as are related compositions, methods and systems.
Abstract:
Carrier nanoparticles comprising a polymer containing a polyol coupled to a polymer containing a boronic acid, configured to present the polymer containing a boronic acid to an environment external to the nanoparticle and related compositions, methods and systems.
Abstract:
Carrier nanoparticles comprising a polymer containing a polyol coupled to a polymer containing a boronic acid, configured to present the polymer containing a boronic acid to an environment external to the nanoparticle and related compositions, methods and systems.
Abstract:
The disclosure provides a novel silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve, referred to as CIT-16P, that comprises a silicoaluminophosphate framework with an occluded OSDA that is DiQ-C4 or DiQ-C3. The synthesis of CIT-16P, its conversion to SAPO-17, and the use of the so-derived SAPO-17 in the MTO reaction are also disclosed.
Abstract:
The present disclosure is directed to metal ion-containing zeolitic compositions, preferably transition metal ion-containing, more preferably zinc ion containing zeolitic compositions, that are useful for reversibly scavenging water from humid gaseous feed streams, including air, and method of making and using the same. In some embodiments, the compositions comprise zinc-ion-doped zeolites have LTA, FAU, or EMT topologies.