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30 条记录 (耗时 0.037 秒)

    Integrated optic waveguide immunosensor
    21.
    发明授权
    Integrated optic waveguide immunosensor 失效

    公开(公告)号：US5961924A

    公开(公告)日：1999-10-05

    申请号：US961827

    申请日：1997-10-31

    申请人： W. Monty Reichert ,  James N. Herron ,  Douglas A. Christensen ,  Hsu-Kun Wang

    发明人： W. Monty Reichert ,  James N. Herron ,  Douglas A. Christensen ,  Hsu-Kun Wang

    IPC分类号： G01N21/64 ,  G01N21/05 ,  G01N21/55 ,  G01N21/77 ,  G01N33/543 ,  G01N33/53 ,  G01N21/17

    CPC分类号： G01N33/54373 ,  G01N21/648 ,  G01N21/7703 ,  G01N21/05

    摘要： A step-gradient composite waveguide for evanescent sensing in fluorescent binding assays comprises a thick substrate layer having one or more thin film waveguide channels deposited thereon. In one embodiment, the substrate is silicon dioxide and the thin film is silicon oxynitride. Specific binding molecules having the property of binding with specificity to an analyte are immobilized on the surface of the thin film channels. In preferred embodiments, the composite waveguide further includes light input coupling means integrally adapted to the thin film channels. Such light coupling means can be a grating etched into the substrate prior to deposition of the thin film, or a waveguide coupler affixed to the upper surface of the thin film. The waveguide coupler has a thick input waveguide of high refractive index which receives the laser light through one end and propagates it by total internal reflection. The propagated light is then coupled evanescently into the thin film waveguide across a spacer layer of precise thickness and having an index of refraction lower than either the input waveguide or the thin-film waveguide. The composite waveguide can be constructed by plasma vapor deposition of silicon oxynitride onto the silicon dioxide substrate, masking the channel waveguides with a photoresist, and using reactive ion etching to expose the substrate in the unmasked regions.

    Apparatus and methods for multi-analyte homogeneous fluoro-immunoassays
    22.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and methods for multi-analyte homogeneous fluoro-immunoassays 失效
    多分析物均匀荧光免疫测定的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号：US5677196A

    公开(公告)日：1997-10-14

    申请号：US263522

    申请日：1994-06-22

    申请人： James N. Herron ,  Douglas A. Christensen ,  Hsu-Kun Wang ,  Karin D. Caldwell ,  Vera Janatova ,  Shao-Chie Huang

    发明人： James N. Herron ,  Douglas A. Christensen ,  Hsu-Kun Wang ,  Karin D. Caldwell ,  Vera Janatova ,  Shao-Chie Huang

    IPC分类号： C08G65/329 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G01N21/77 ,  G01N33/543 ,  G01N33/552

    CPC分类号： G01N21/7703 ,  C08G65/329 ,  G01N21/6428 ,  G01N21/648 ,  G01N2021/7786 ,  Y10S435/808 ,  Y10S436/805 ,  Y10S436/807 ,  Y10S436/809

    摘要： Methods and apparatus for evanescent light fluoroimmunoassays are disclosed. The apparatus employs a planar waveguide with an integral semi-cylindrical lens, and has multi-analyte features and calibration features, along with improved evanescent field intensity. A preferred embodiment of the biosensor and assay method have patches of capture molecules each specific for a different analyte disposed adjacent within a single reservoir. The capture molecules are immobilized to the patches on the waveguide surface by site-specific coupling of thiol groups on the capture molecules to photo-affinity crosslinkers which in turn are coupled to the waveguide surface or to a non-specific-binding-resistant coating on the surface. The patches of different antibodies are produced by selectively irradiating a portion of the waveguide surface during the process of coupling the photo-affinity crosslinkers the selective irradiation involving a mask, a laser light source, or the like.

    摘要翻译： 公开了消逝光荧光免疫测定法的方法和装置。 该装置采用具有整体半柱面透镜的平面波导，并具有多分析物特征和校准特征，以及改善的消逝场强度。 生物传感器和测定方法的优选实施方案具有每个针对不同分析物特异性的捕获分子的斑块，其邻近设置在单个贮存器内。 捕获分子通过捕获分子上的硫醇基团的特异性偶联而固定在波导表面上的贴片上，而光致亲和性交联剂又连接到波导表面或非特异性结合抗性涂层上 表面。 通过在涉及光亲和性交联剂的涉及掩模，激光光源等的选择性照射的过程中选择性地照射波导表面的一部分来产生不同抗体的斑块。

    Raman spectroscopy apparatus and method for continuous chemical analysis of fluid streams
    23.
    发明授权
    Raman spectroscopy apparatus and method for continuous chemical analysis of fluid streams 失效
    拉曼光谱仪和流体流连续化学分析方法

    公开(公告)号：US5751415A

    公开(公告)日：1998-05-12

    申请号：US647586

    申请日：1996-05-13

    申请人： Lee M. Smith ,  Robert E. Benner ,  Douglas A. Christensen ,  Joel M. Harris ,  Carl W. Johnson ,  Richard D. Rallison

    发明人： Lee M. Smith ,  Robert E. Benner ,  Douglas A. Christensen ,  Joel M. Harris ,  Carl W. Johnson ,  Richard D. Rallison

    IPC分类号： G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01N21/65

    CPC分类号： G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01N21/65 ,  G01N2021/651 ,  G01N21/658

    摘要： Apparatus and methods for analyzing the chemical composition of fluid streams using Raman spectroscopy are disclosed. The invention is particularly useful in continuously analyzing a fluid stream containing petroleum products, aqueous or biological fluids. The apparatus includes a laser source for producing light having an excitation wavelength. The light is introduced into a bundle of optical fibers connected to a tubular Raman enhancement cell. A transparent optical element (lens and/or window) acts as a barrier element to isolate the flowing sample stream from the optical components. The Raman enhancement cell is configured to allow continuous sample fluid flow therethrough, and it is preferably lined with a material having an index of refraction less than the index of refraction of the fluid stream. Scattered light from the enhancement cell preferably exits the optical fibers as a linear optical signal. A Raman spectrometer passes the optical signal through an excitation wavelength filter, an optical slit, and a volume holographic transmission grating with an aberration correction device before transmitting the optical signal to a charge coupled device array which converts the optical signal into a corresponding electronic signal. The electronic signal is analyzed and converted by computer into a representation of the chemical analysis of the fluid stream.

    摘要翻译： 公开了使用拉曼光谱分析流体流的化学组成的装置和方法。 本发明特别可用于连续分析含有石油产品，含水或生物流体的流体物流。 该装置包括用于产生具有激发波长的光的激光源。 将光引入连接到管状拉曼增强单元的一束光纤中。 透明光学元件（透镜和/或窗口）用作屏障元件以将流动的样品流与光学部件隔离。 拉曼增强单元被配置为允许连续的样品流体流过其中，并且其优选地衬有折射率小于流体流的折射率的材料。 来自增强细胞的散射光优选作为线性光信号离开光纤。 拉曼光谱仪将光信号通过激发波长滤波器，光学狭缝和具有像差校正装置的体积全息透射光栅，然后将光信号传输到将光信号转换成相应的电子信号的电荷耦合器件阵列。 电子信号由计算机分析和转换成流体流的化学分析的表示。

    Spectroscopic method and apparatus for optically measuring temperature
    24.
    发明授权
    Spectroscopic method and apparatus for optically measuring temperature 失效
    用于光学测量温度的光谱法和设备

    公开(公告)号：US4790669A

    公开(公告)日：1988-12-13

    申请号：US849435

    申请日：1986-04-08

    申请人： Douglas A. Christensen

    发明人： Douglas A. Christensen

    IPC分类号： G01K11/12 ,  G01J5/60 ,  G01K11/14 ,  G01K11/20 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01J5/08

    CPC分类号： G01K11/14 ,  G01J5/601

    摘要： Apparatus and method for optically measuring temperature by spectroscopically determining the temperature-induced changes in the wavelength spectrum of light interacting with a semiconductor temperature sensor. The method includes providing illumination from a radiant energy source with a broad wavelength spectrum, guiding the radiant energy to a remote semiconductor sensor, returning the radiant energy after interaction with the semiconductor sensor, and analyzing the returned wavelength spectrum to determine the temperature-induced spectral changes due to the absorption edge of the semiconductor sensor. One embodiment of the invention comprises a quartz-halogen lamp, an optical multiplexer, optical fiber lightguides, a gallium arsenide semiconductor sensor, a fast scan spectrometer, an analog to digital converter and a microprocessor for processing the information of the returned wavelength spectrum for determining and displaying the sensor temperature.

    摘要翻译： 通过光谱测定与半导体温度传感器相互作用的光的波长光谱的温度诱导变化来光学测量温度的装置和方法。 该方法包括从具有宽波长光谱的辐射能源提供照明，将辐射能引导到远程半导体传感器，在与半导体传感器相互作用之后返回辐射能，并分析返回的波长光谱以确定温度诱导光谱 由于半导体传感器的吸收边缘而导致的变化。 本发明的一个实施例包括石英卤素灯，光复用器，光纤光导，砷化镓半导体传感器，快速扫描光谱仪，模数转换器和微处理器，用于处理返回的波长谱的信息以确定 并显示传感器温度。

    Method and apparatus for optically measuring fluid levels
    25.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for optically measuring fluid levels 失效
    用于光学测量流体水平的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US4745293A

    公开(公告)日：1988-05-17

    申请号：US29443

    申请日：1987-03-23

    申请人： Douglas A. Christensen

    发明人： Douglas A. Christensen

    IPC分类号： G01F23/292 ,  G01F23/00

    CPC分类号： G01F23/292

    摘要： A non-metallic fiber-optic device is provided for measuring the level of fluid in a tank, reservoir, or other vessel. Light from a broadband light source is transmitted through a fiber optic waveguide and an optical coupler to an optical pipe sensor which is immersed in the fluid to be measured. The optical pipe sensor includes a monotonically varied diffraction grating in the surface and along the length of the sensor which serves to retroreflect wavelengths of light as a function of the local spacing of the diffraction grating. For light entering the sensor from the waveguide, wavelengths of light corresponding to the local spacing of the diffraction grating above the fluid level are retroreflected, whereas wavelengths of light corresponding to the diffraction grating spacing below the fluid level either escape into the fluid, are absorbed, or are coupled to a return fiber to be detected. Either the retroreflected wavelengths of light or the non-retroreflected wavelengths of light are emitted by the sensor, separated by a spectrometer, sensed by a photodetector, analyzed by a computer, and converted to an output display indicating measurement of the fluid level.

    摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于测量罐，储存器或其他容器中的流体水平的非金属光纤装置。 来自宽带光源的光通过光纤波导和光耦合器传输到浸入被测流体的光管传感器。 光学管道传感器包括在传感器的表面和沿着传感器长度的单调变化的衍射光栅，其用于回射光的波长，作为衍射光栅的局部间隔的函数。 对于从波导进入传感器的光，对应于衍射光栅位于流体水平以上的局部间隔的光的波长被回射，而对应于低于液面的衍射光栅间隔的光的波长或者逃逸到流体中，被吸收 ，或耦合到待检测的返回光纤。 光的回射波长或非回射波长的光由传感器发射，由光电检测器分离，由光电检测器检测，由计算机分析，并转换成指示测量液位的输出显示。

    Semiconductor temperature sensor
    26.
    发明授权
    Semiconductor temperature sensor 失效
    半导体温度传感器

    公开(公告)号：US4136566A

    公开(公告)日：1979-01-30

    申请号：US809593

    申请日：1977-06-24

    申请人： Douglas A. Christensen

    发明人： Douglas A. Christensen

    IPC分类号： G01K11/18

    CPC分类号： G01K11/18

    摘要： A temperature sensor utilizing a semiconductor sensing element which absorbs monochromatic radiant energy as a function of temperature. The apparatus includes a monochromatic radiant energy source, radiant energy guide means, a semiconductor sensing element interposed in the radiant energy guide means and a detector for detecting the intensity of the monochromatic radiant energy transmitted by the semiconductor sensing element. Advantageously, optical fibers may be used as the radiant energy guide means for directing the monochromatic radiant energy to the semiconductor and returning the transmitted radiant energy to the detector. The semiconductor sensing element is fabricated from a suitable semiconductor material such as galium arsenide. Additionally, the semiconductor material can be fabricated as a mirror or reflecting prism so that it serves both as the sensing element and as part of the optical components for the radiant energy guide means.

    摘要翻译： 利用半导体感测元件的温度传感器，其吸收作为温度的函数的单色辐射能。 该装置包括单色辐射能量源，辐射能量引导装置，插入辐射能量引导装置中的半导体感测元件和用于检测由半导体感测元件传输的单色辐射能的强度的检测器。 有利地，光纤可以用作辐射能量引导装置，用于将单色辐射能量引导到半导体并将传输的辐射能量返回到检测器。 半导体感测元件由诸如砷化镓的合适的半导体材料制成。 另外，半导体材料可以被制造为反射镜或反射棱镜，使得它既用作感测元件又用作辐射能量引导装置的光学部件的一部分。

    Ultrasonic vascular imaging system and method of blood vessel cannulation
    29.
    发明授权
    Ultrasonic vascular imaging system and method of blood vessel cannulation 有权
    超声血管成像系统及血管插管方法

    公开(公告)号：US06755789B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-06-29

    申请号：US10072662

    申请日：2002-02-05

    申请人： Bradley J. Stringer ,  Gary A. Simmons ,  Douglas A. Christensen ,  Shayne Messerly ,  Cameron P. Ford ,  Robert W. Evensen

    发明人： Bradley J. Stringer ,  Gary A. Simmons ,  Douglas A. Christensen ,  Shayne Messerly ,  Cameron P. Ford ,  Robert W. Evensen

    IPC分类号： A61B814

    CPC分类号： A61B8/0841 ,  A61B5/489 ,  A61B8/06 ,  A61B8/0833 ,  A61B8/13 ,  A61B8/145 ,  A61B8/42 ,  A61B8/4227 ,  A61B8/4455

    摘要： An apparatus, method and system for cannulation of blood vessels. The apparatus comprises a sensor assembly including two linear transducer arrays oriented perpendicularly to each other to form a “T” shape to provide substantially simultaneous ultrasound images of at least one blood vessel in a portion of a patient's body in two perpendicular planes. The apparatus may also include one or more Doppler transducer elements to transmit and receive one or more Doppler beams at an incident angle beneath one of the transducer arrays and in alignment therewith to determine blood flow direction and velocity within the at least one blood vessel. The sensor assembly may be disposed within an elongated, flexible, protective sheath and secured to a graphically marked cover to facilitate orientation of the sensor assembly on the patient and guidance of a needle towards a desired target vessel during the cannulation procedure. The cover may also include associated structure to cooperate with a reference location element to place, align and secure the sensor assembly to the patient's skin at a desired location.

    摘要翻译： 用于插管血管的装置，方法和系统。 该装置包括传感器组件，其包括彼此垂直取向以形成“T”形状的两个线性换能器阵列，以在两个垂直平面中的患者身体的一部分中提供至少一个血管的基本上同时的超声图像。 所述装置还可以包括一个或多个多普勒换能器元件，以在所述换能器阵列中的一个的入射角度下发射和接收一个或多个多普勒波束并与其对准，以确定所述至少一个血管内的血流方向和速度。 传感器组件可以设置在细长的，柔性的保护性护套内并且固定到图形标记的盖子上，以便于在插管过程期间传感器组件在患者身上的取向并且针朝向期望的目标血管的引导。 盖还可以包括相关联的结构，以与参考位置元件配合，以将传感器组件放置，对准并将其固定到患者的皮肤上的所需位置。