摘要:
A liquid fuel cell includes a positive electrode (8) for reducing oxygen, a negative electrode (9) for oxidizing fuel, a solid electrolyte (10) placed between the positive electrode (8) and the negative electrode (9), and liquid fuel (4), wherein the positive electrode (8) and the negative electrode (9) respectively include catalyst layers (8b), (9b) with a thickness of 20 μm or more, at least one of the respective catalyst layers (8b), (9b) has a pore with a pore diameter in a range of 0.3 μm to 2.0 μm, and a pore volume of the pore is 4% or more with respect to a total pore volume. Because of this configuration, a liquid fuel cell with a high output density can be provided in which the pore configuration in the catalyst layer is optimized, and catalyst performance is exhibited sufficiently.
摘要:
A pharmaceutical composition comprising, in admixture with a pharmacologically acceptable carrier, an isomonool of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl group with 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 4 to 22, have carcinostatic, carcinostasis-reinforcing and carcinogenesis-preventing activity.
摘要:
A residue-removing solution for removing residues present on semiconductor substrates after dry etching and/or ashing, the residue-removing solution comprising a Cu surface protective agent including: at least one compound selected from compounds (1), (2) and (3) each having as a basic skeleton a five-membered or six-membered heteratomic structure as defined herein; a compound capable of forming a complex or chelate with Cu (copper); and water. Further, the residue-removing solution has a pH of 4 to 9.
摘要:
A residue-removing solution for removing residues after a dry process, which includes an amine salt of a monocarboxylic acid and/or a salt of a polycarboxylic acid that forms a 7- or more-membered ring chelate with copper, and water, the residue-removing solution containing aqueous solution (A) or (B) as described herein. Also disclosed is a method for removing residues present on a semiconductor substrate after dry etching and/or ashing. Further, a method for manufacturing semiconductor devices is further disclosed, which includes subjecting a semiconductor substrate having Cu as an interconnect material, and a low dielectric constant film as an interlayer dielectric material, to dry etching and/or ashing; and bringing the processed semiconductor substrate into contact with the above residue-removing solution.
摘要:
Feature points (41, 42, 43) in the heat image (10) of a casting die (1) are extracted and a predetermined geometrical conversion processing is performed on the heat image (10) such that the feature points are superimposed on the reference feature points (61, 62, 63) set in a reference heat image (30) picked up previously to generate a corrected heat image (20). A difference image (40) is generated by superimposing the corrected heat image (20) and the reference heat image (30) such that the corrected feature points (51, 52, 53) in the corrected heat image (20) is superimposed on the corresponding reference feature points (61, 62, 63). With such an arrangement, a highly reliable difference image can be generated even when the imaging field of vision slips off among a plurality of heat images.
摘要:
An ex-core nuclear instrumentation system in which the width of measurable neutron detector current can be accurately widened is obtained. In order to output the condition of neutron flux in operation by performing arithmetic processing of a current value measured by a neutron detector by using a detector signal processing circuit, the detector signal processing circuit includes a current/voltage conversion unit which converts the current value converted by the neutron detector into a voltage value corresponding to the current value; and a variable gain amplification unit which has an operational amplifier having a resistance circuit for corresponding to current levels, the resistance circuit being capable of selecting a gain, and a D/A converter that adjusts the gain, and amplifies the voltage value converted by the current/voltage conversion unit.
摘要:
The present invention provides a resist-removing solution for low-k film and a cleaning solution for via holes or capacitors, the solutions comprising hydrogen fluoride (HF) and at least one member selected from the group consisting of organic acids and organic solvents. The invention also provides a method of removing resist and a method of cleaning via holes or capacitors by the use of the solutions.
摘要:
The present invention provides an etching solution in which a change in the composition due to the evaporation of the chemical solution or the like is small, thus reducing the frequency with which the chemical solution must be replaced, and in which the time-dependent change in etch rate is also small, thus allowing uniform etching of a silicon oxide film. Specifically, the present invention relates to an etching solution, a process of producing the same, and an etching process using the same, in which the etching solution includes hydrofluoric acid (a), ammonium fluoride (b), and salt (c) formed between hydrogen fluoride and a base having a boiling point higher than that of ammonia; the concentration of ammonium fluoride (b) is not higher than 8.2 mol/kg, and the total amount of ammonium fluoride (b) and salt (c) formed between hydrogen fluoride and a base having a boiling point higher than that of ammonia is not less than 9.5 mol/kg.
摘要:
A method of making a coated article is provided. The method includes electrostatically depositing powder onto a metallic article to be coated using an electrostatic spray gun while the metallic article is being rotated around its axis such that the powder is deposited around the entire circumference of the metallic article at least in a radially outward peripheral region having projections and depressions and that the powder deposited on top of the projections is larger in thickness than the powder deposited in other parts of the metallic article. Melting of the powder is performed by induction heating the metallic article to make a coating film adhere to the metallic article.
摘要:
After forming a primary powder bed (i.e., powder layer) at a toothed portion of an article, such as a gear or a spline shaft, by electrostatic powder coating process, the powder bed/layer is removed from crests of teeth in the toothed portion by a specified thickness by scraping it off while sucking up the scraped powder. Next, the electrostatic powder coating process is performed again to form a secondary powder bed/layer over the entire surface of the toothed portion. Then, the primary and secondary powder beds/layers are melted or fused by induction heating to thereby form a coating film of a substantially uniform thickness.