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    Methods suitable for measuring capillary pressure and relative permeability curves of porous rocks
    23.
    发明申请
    Methods suitable for measuring capillary pressure and relative permeability curves of porous rocks 有权
    适用于测量多孔岩石毛细管压力和相对渗透率曲线的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20080303520A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-12-11

    申请号：US11808300

    申请日：2007-06-08

    申请人： Quan Chen ,  Bruce J. Balcom

    发明人： Quan Chen ,  Bruce J. Balcom

    IPC分类号： G01V3/14 ,  G01V3/00

    CPC分类号： G01R33/44 ,  G01N15/082 ,  G01N24/081 ,  G01R33/4816 ,  G01V3/32 ,  Y02A90/344

    摘要： Single-shot methods suitable for determining capillary pressure and relative permeability curves are proposed. For steady-state gas flow, with stationary water or oil remaining in a porous rock core and the outflow boundary condition (capillary pressure is zero) is maintained by washing the outlet face of the core with the stationary phase, the gas pressure distribution, P(x), is determined by SPRITE (Single-Point Ramped Imaging with T1 Enhancement) MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) spin density imaging of flowing gas, since the spin density of gas is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas phase. Water or oil saturation distribution, S(x), at the present of steady-state flowing gas, is measured with MRI. The combination of P(x) and S(x) yields a capillary pressure curve, Pc(S) and relative permeability curve of flowing gas phase, Krg(S) can be determined with differential form of Darcy's law and ideal gas equations for gas flowing at steady-state. Some embodiments include the steps of providing a porous rock core having a length, an inlet face, and an outlet face; saturating the porous rock core with a first fluid; displacing the first fluid by applying a second fluid to the inlet face of the porous rock core; washing the outlet face of the porous rock core with said second fluid so as to maintain an outflow boundary condition; determining that a substantially steady-state condition has been reached whereat the fluid saturation distribution and pressure distribution along the length of the core do not substantially change with time; performing a single-shot measurement of at least one of a fluid saturation distribution measurement of the porous rock core and a pressure distribution measurement of the porous rock core; and determining a property of the porous rock core by using the single-shot measurement.

    摘要翻译： 提出了适用于确定毛细管压力和相对渗透率曲线的单次方法。 对于稳态气体流动，通过用固定相清洗芯的出口面，气体压力分布P（P），通过固定的水或油保留在多孔岩芯中，并且流出边界条件（毛细管压力为零） （x）由SPRITE（具有T1增强的单点成像成像）由流动气体的磁共振成像（磁共振成像）自旋密度成像确定，因为气体的自旋密度与气相的压力成正比。 用静态流动气体测定水分或油饱和度分布S（x）。 P（x）和S（x）的组合产生毛细管压力曲线，流动气相的Pc（S）和相对渗透率曲线，Krg（S）可以用达西定律的差分形式和气体的理想气体方程 在稳态流动。 一些实施例包括提供具有长度，入口面和出口面的多孔岩芯的步骤; 用第一流体使多孔岩芯饱和; 通过将第二流体施加到多孔岩芯的入口面来移位第一流体; 用所述第二流体清洗多孔岩芯的出口面，以保持流出边界条件; 确定已经达到基本上稳定状态的状态，其中沿芯的长度的流体饱和分布和压力分布基本上不随时间变化; 对多孔岩芯的流体饱和度分布测量和多孔岩芯的压力分布测量中的至少一个进行单次测量; 以及通过使用单次测量来确定多孔岩心的性质。

    Systems and methods for training a convolutional neural network that is robust to missing input information
    26.
    发明授权
    Systems and methods for training a convolutional neural network that is robust to missing input information 有权

    公开(公告)号：US12026934B2

    公开(公告)日：2024-07-02

    申请号：US17531720

    申请日：2021-11-20

    申请人： Xue Feng ,  Quan Chen ,  Kanchan Ghimire

    发明人： Xue Feng ,  Quan Chen ,  Kanchan Ghimire

    IPC分类号： G06V10/774 ,  G06N3/04 ,  G06V10/25 ,  G06V10/80 ,  G06V10/94

    CPC分类号： G06V10/774 ,  G06N3/04 ,  G06V10/25 ,  G06V10/80 ,  G06V10/95

    摘要： The present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for training a convolutional neural network (CNN) that is robust to missing input information. The method includes: receive a plurality of three-dimensional (3D) images per case obtained from a CT, an MRI, or a PET system or the combination thereof; receive accompanying metadata for each received 3D images, comprising pixel spacing, slice thickness, and matrix size; processing the received 3D images per case utilizing the received metadata of each 3D images to generate 4D images containing complimentary information from received imaging modalities, wherein the generated 4D images may miss a plurality of imaging modalities; further process the generated 4D images if the generated 4D images miss a plurality of imaging modalities, wherein the step comprises: fill the generated 4D images with a fixed value for all pixels of missed imaging modalities; build an adaptable deep learning framework using CNNs for image segmentation that utilizes the generated 4D images as input; train the CNNs with the generated 4D images to obtain segmentation labels for each region-of-interest (ROI) by emulating missing modality, wherein the step of emulating missing modality in training comprises: randomly decide whether or not to emulate; if decide to emulate, randomly select a plurality of input modalities to emulate as missing and fill the images with a fixed value for all pixels of the selected input modalities; and deploy the trained CNNs on 4D images generated from 3D images for each new testing case employing the steps of receiving and processing 3D images described above to obtain segmentation labels for each ROI, wherein the step of deployment comprises: accommodate missing modalities in generated 4D images by filling the images with the same fixed value used in training for missed modalities.

    METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MOLDING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE
    28.
    发明申请
    METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MOLDING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE 有权
    用于模制半导体器件的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20130005087A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-01-03

    申请号：US13489466

    申请日：2012-06-06

    申请人： Quan Chen ,  Wei Gao ,  Yanbo Xu

    发明人： Quan Chen ,  Wei Gao ,  Yanbo Xu

    IPC分类号： H01L21/56 ,  H01L23/495 ,  B29C45/14

    CPC分类号： H01L21/565 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

    摘要： An apparatus for molding a semiconductor device includes an upper mold chase and a lower mold chase. The mold chases are capable of being aligned with each other, forming spaced cavities for receiving a lead frame array that includes semiconductor dies for encapsulation. The cavities are aligned in spaced, vertical columns and gates are provided at the opening of each column of cavities. A molding compound is passed through the gates and flows uninterrupted through each cavity and encapsulates the semiconductor dies.

    摘要翻译： 用于模制半导体器件的设备包括上模追逐和下模追逐。 模具能够彼此对准，形成间隔开的空腔，用于接收包括用于封装的半导体管芯的引线框架阵列。 空腔以间隔开的垂直柱对准，并且在每个空腔列的开口处提供浇口。 模制化合物通过栅极并且不间断地流过每个空腔并封装半导体管芯。