公开(公告)号：US20120279861A1

公开(公告)日：2012-11-08

申请号：US13553625

申请日：2012-07-19

Applicant: Benjamin Stuart Sparrow ,  Joshua Aniket Zoshi ,  James Hing Bong Tang

Inventor： Benjamin Stuart Sparrow ,  Joshua Aniket Zoshi ,  James Hing Bong Tang

IPC: B01D61/46 ,  C02F1/469 ,  C02F103/08

CPC classification number: C02F1/4693 ,  B01D61/025 ,  B01D61/145 ,  B01D61/147 ,  B01D61/50 ,  B01D61/54 ,  B01D61/58 ,  B01D2311/04 ,  B01D2311/2642 ,  B01D2313/36 ,  B01D2313/38 ,  B01D2317/02 ,  C02F1/004 ,  C02F1/04 ,  C02F1/041 ,  C02F1/048 ,  C02F1/16 ,  C02F1/24 ,  C02F1/32 ,  C02F1/441 ,  C02F1/444 ,  C02F1/447 ,  C02F1/4604 ,  C02F1/52 ,  C02F1/76 ,  C02F1/78 ,  C02F2001/007 ,  C02F2103/08 ,  C02F2201/009 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F2201/4613 ,  C02F2201/46145 ,  C02F2201/46185 ,  C02F2301/046 ,  C02F2301/08 ,  C02F2303/10 ,  H01M8/227 ,  Y02A20/128 ,  Y02A20/131 ,  Y02A20/134 ,  Y02A20/212 ,  Y02E60/50 ,  Y02W10/30 ,  Y02W10/37 ,  B01D2311/2649

Abstract: Described herein are a method and system for desalinating saltwater using concentration difference energy. A “five stream” dialytic stack is described that can be used to desalinate saltwater at a relatively high recovery ratio. The dialytic stack may include, for example, one or more drive cells having a paired concentrate and a diluent-c chamber in ionic communication with a product chamber that is adjacent to an anion and a cation discharge chamber each filled with diluent-p. The drive cell applies a drive voltage across the product chamber, and when the drive voltage exceeds a desalination voltage of the product chamber, the saltwater in the product chamber is desalinated. The dialytic stack may accept brine discharged from a first desalination plant as saltwater to be desalinated. Processing the brine in the dialytic stack may decrease its volume, decreasing costs associated with treating or otherwise disposing of the brine.

Abstract translation: 本文描述了使用浓度差能量使盐水脱盐的方法和系统。 描述了可以用于以相对高的回收率对盐水进行脱盐的五流透析堆叠。 透析堆可以包括例如一个或多个具有配对浓缩物和稀释剂c室的驱动单元，其与与阴离子相邻的产物室和每个填充有稀释剂p的阳离子放电室离子连通。 驱动单元在产品室上施加驱动电压，当驱动电压超过产品室的脱盐电压时，产品室中的盐水脱盐。 透析堆可以接收从第一个脱盐设备排出的盐水作为要脱盐的盐水。 处理透析塔中的盐水会降低其体积，降低与处理或以其他方式处置盐水相关的成本。

公开(公告)号：US20110089036A1

公开(公告)日：2011-04-21

申请号：US12757382

申请日：2010-04-09

Applicant: Benjamin Stuart Sparrow ,  Joshua Aniket Zoshi ,  James Hing Bong Tang

Inventor： Benjamin Stuart Sparrow ,  Joshua Aniket Zoshi ,  James Hing Bong Tang

IPC: C02F1/469 ,  B01D61/50

CPC classification number: C02F1/4693 ,  B01D61/025 ,  B01D61/145 ,  B01D61/147 ,  B01D61/50 ,  B01D61/54 ,  B01D61/58 ,  B01D2311/04 ,  B01D2311/2642 ,  B01D2313/36 ,  B01D2313/38 ,  B01D2317/02 ,  C02F1/004 ,  C02F1/04 ,  C02F1/041 ,  C02F1/048 ,  C02F1/16 ,  C02F1/24 ,  C02F1/32 ,  C02F1/441 ,  C02F1/444 ,  C02F1/447 ,  C02F1/4604 ,  C02F1/52 ,  C02F1/76 ,  C02F1/78 ,  C02F2001/007 ,  C02F2103/08 ,  C02F2201/009 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F2201/4613 ,  C02F2201/46145 ,  C02F2201/46185 ,  C02F2301/046 ,  C02F2301/08 ,  C02F2303/10 ,  H01M8/227 ,  Y02A20/128 ,  Y02A20/131 ,  Y02A20/134 ,  Y02A20/212 ,  Y02E60/50 ,  Y02W10/30 ,  Y02W10/37 ,  B01D2311/2649

Abstract: Described herein are a method and system for desalinating saltwater using concentration difference energy. A “five stream” dialytic stack is described that can be used to desalinate saltwater at a relatively high recovery ratio. The dialytic stack may include, for example, one or more drive cells having a paired concentrate and a diluent-c chamber in ionic communication with a product chamber that is adjacent to an anion and a cation discharge chamber each filled with diluent-p. The drive cell applies a drive voltage across the product chamber, and when the drive voltage exceeds a desalination voltage of the product chamber, the saltwater in the product chamber is desalinated. The diluent-p may be at a lower ionic concentration than the diluent-c, which may be at a lower concentration than the concentrate. The relatively high concentrations of the concentrate and the diluent-c facilitate a relatively high recovery ratio, while the relatively low concentration of the diluent-p facilitates a relatively low desalination voltage. The dialytic stack may accept brine discharged from a first desalination plant and may use this brine as a source of the concentrate, diluent-c, or diluent-p. Alternatively, the dialytic stack may accept the brine as saltwater to be desalinated, and may then output desalinated brine back to the first desalination plant for further desalination. Processing the brine in the dialytic stack may decrease its volume, decreasing costs associated with treating or otherwise disposing of the brine.

Abstract translation: 本文描述了使用浓度差能量使盐水脱盐的方法和系统。 描述了一种“五流”透析堆，可用于以相对高的回收率对盐水进行脱盐。 透析堆可以包括例如一个或多个驱动单元，其具有与阴离子相邻的产物室离子连通的成对浓缩物和稀释剂c室，每个充满稀释剂p的阳离子放电室。 驱动单元在产品室上施加驱动电压，当驱动电压超过产品室的脱盐电压时，产品室中的盐水脱盐。 稀释剂-p可以具有比稀释剂c更低的离子浓度，其可以具有比浓缩物更低的浓度。 浓缩物和稀释剂c的相对高的浓度有助于相对高的回收率，而稀释剂-p的相对较低的浓度便于相对较低的脱盐电压。 透析堆可以接收从第一个脱盐设备排出的盐水，并且可以使用该盐水作为浓缩物，稀释剂c或稀释剂-p的来源。 或者，透析堆可以接受盐水作为要脱盐的盐水，然后可以将脱盐盐水输出返回到第一脱盐设备以进一步脱盐。 处理透析塔中的盐水会降低其体积，降低与处理或以其他方式处置盐水相关的成本。

公开(公告)号：US20110068008A1

公开(公告)日：2011-03-24

申请号：US12957444

申请日：2010-12-01

Applicant: Benjamin Stuart Sparrow ,  James Tang ,  Joshua Zoshi

Inventor： Benjamin Stuart Sparrow ,  James Tang ,  Joshua Zoshi

IPC: C02F1/469

CPC classification number: C02F1/4604 ,  B01D61/44 ,  B01D61/50 ,  B01D2313/105 ,  B01D2313/125 ,  B01D2313/365 ,  C02F1/469 ,  C02F2001/46166 ,  C02F2103/08 ,  C02F2201/4611 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F2201/46165 ,  Y02A20/134

Abstract: A method and apparatus for desalinating saltwater using concentration difference energy is disclosed. In order to desalinate saltwater that is contained within a product chamber, a drive cell is used to generate a drive voltage. The product chamber has a desalination voltage such that when a sufficient voltage is applied to the product chamber, anions and cations migrate out of the product chamber, thereby desalinating the water. The sufficient voltage, which includes the drive voltage and which is equal to or greater than the desalination voltage, is applied to the product chamber, consequently effecting desalination. Beneficially, concentration difference energy can be generated using a concentrated solution, which can be generated using, for example, solar energy.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种使用浓度差能量使盐水脱盐的方法和装置。 为了对包含在产品室内的盐水进行脱盐，使用驱动单元产生驱动电压。 产品室具有脱盐电压，使得当足够的电压施加到产品室时，阴离子和阳离子迁移出产物室，从而使水脱盐。 包括驱动电压并且等于或大于脱盐电压的足够的电压被施加到产品室，从而实现脱盐。 有利地，可以使用可以使用例如太阳能产生的浓缩溶液来产生浓度差能量。

公开(公告)号：US20090314718A1

公开(公告)日：2009-12-24

申请号：US12360714

申请日：2009-01-27

Applicant: Benjamin Stuart Sparrow ,  James Tang ,  Joshua Zoshi

Inventor： Benjamin Stuart Sparrow ,  James Tang ,  Joshua Zoshi

IPC: C02F1/42 ,  C02F103/08

CPC classification number: C02F1/4604 ,  B01D61/44 ,  B01D61/50 ,  B01D2313/105 ,  B01D2313/125 ,  B01D2313/365 ,  C02F1/469 ,  C02F2001/46166 ,  C02F2103/08 ,  C02F2201/4611 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F2201/46165 ,  Y02A20/134

Abstract: A method and apparatus for desalinating saltwater using concentration difference energy is disclosed. In order to desalinate saltwater that is contained within a product chamber, a drive cell is used to generate a drive voltage. The product chamber has a desalination voltage such that when a sufficient voltage is applied to the product chamber, anions and cations migrate out of the product chamber, thereby desalinating the water. The sufficient voltage, which includes the drive voltage and which is equal to or greater than the desalination voltage, is applied to the product chamber, consequently effecting desalination. Beneficially, concentration difference energy can be generated using a concentrated solution, which can be generated using, for example, solar energy.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种使用浓度差能量使盐水脱盐的方法和装置。 为了对包含在产品室内的盐水进行脱盐，使用驱动单元产生驱动电压。 产品室具有脱盐电压，使得当足够的电压施加到产品室时，阴离子和阳离子迁移出产物室，从而使水脱盐。 包括驱动电压并且等于或大于脱盐电压的足够的电压被施加到产品室，从而实现脱盐。 有利地，可以使用可以使用例如太阳能产生的浓缩溶液来产生浓度差能量。

公开(公告)号：US20240091668A1

公开(公告)日：2024-03-21

申请号：US18253058

申请日：2021-11-18

Applicant: SALTWORKS TECHNOLOGIES INC.

Inventor： Justin Donghoon LEE ,  Benjamin SPARROW

IPC: B01D9/00 ,  B01D5/00 ,  B08B9/032 ,  C02F1/04 ,  C02F1/52 ,  F28G9/00

CPC classification number: B01D9/0031 ,  B01D5/006 ,  B01D9/0059 ,  B01D9/0063 ,  B08B9/0321 ,  C02F1/041 ,  C02F1/5209 ,  F28G9/00 ,  B01D2009/0086 ,  B08B2209/032 ,  C02F2001/5218 ,  C02F2103/08

Abstract: A system and method for cleaning of a forced-circulation evaporative crystallizer. The crystallizer is used to produce salt solids and includes a circulation pump, a heat exchanger, a separator, and a vapor processor. Solids deposits accumulate during salt solids production within at least one of the circulation pump, heat exchanger, and separator. A solids deposits metric representative of an amount of the accumulated solids deposits is measured. The solids deposits metric is determined to deviate from a baseline by at least a cleaning threshold. Certain determinations are made based on the solids deposits metric: determining a cleaning mode and at least one of a type of cleaning solution and a duration for which at least one of the circulation pump, heat exchanger, and separator is to be cleaned. At least one of the circulation pump, heat exchanger, and separator is then cleaned in accordance with those determinations.

公开(公告)号：US20210309545A1

公开(公告)日：2021-10-07

申请号：US17272225

申请日：2019-10-31

Applicant: Saltworks Technologies, Inc.

Inventor： Xiangchun Yin ,  Benjamin Sparrow

IPC: C02F1/469 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C02F1/46 ,  C02F1/52 ,  B01D61/50 ,  B01D61/58 ,  B01D61/02

Abstract: Methods, systems, and techniques for desalinating monovalent anion species from wastewater. A system includes an electrodialysis stack that performs the desalination. The stack has a cathode, an anode, and at least one electrodialysis cell. The at least one electrodialysis cell includes a product chamber, a metal cation concentrating chamber adjacent to a cathodic side of the product chamber, and a transfer solution chamber adjacent to an anodic side of the product chamber. The product chamber and the metal cation concentrating chamber are each bounded by and share a cation exchange membrane, the product chamber and the transfer solution chamber are each bounded by and share a monovalent anion exchange membrane, and the transfer solution chamber is bounded on an anodic side by one of an anion exchange membrane and a monovalent anion exchange membrane. The wastewater may be generated by a flue gas desulfurization process.

公开(公告)号：US10017400B2

公开(公告)日：2018-07-10

申请号：US15326279

申请日：2016-04-07

Applicant: Saltworks Technologies Inc.

Inventor： Xiangchun Yin ,  Malcolm Man ,  Benjamin Sparrow

IPC: B01D61/44 ,  C02F1/469 ,  C02F1/46 ,  B01D61/46 ,  B01D61/54 ,  C02F103/08

CPC classification number: C02F1/4693 ,  B01D61/44 ,  B01D61/46 ,  B01D61/54 ,  B01D2311/12 ,  B01D2313/32 ,  B01D2313/345 ,  B01J47/12 ,  C02F1/4604 ,  C02F2103/08 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F2201/4612 ,  C02F2201/4614 ,  Y02A20/134

Abstract: Processes, systems, and techniques for multivalent ion desalination of a feed water use an apparatus that has a cathode, an anode, and an electrodialysis cell located between the cathode and anode. The cell has a product chamber through which the feed water flows, a multivalent cation concentrating chamber on a cathodic side of the product chamber through which the concentrated multivalent cation solution flows, and a multivalent anion concentrating chamber on an anodic side of the product chamber through which the concentrated multivalent anion solution flows. The product chamber and the multivalent cation concentrating chamber are each bounded by and share a cation exchange membrane, and the product chamber and the multivalent anion concentrating chamber are each bounded by and share an anion exchange membrane. A monovalent ion species is added to at least one of the concentrated multivalent cation solution and the concentrated multivalent anion solution.

公开(公告)号：US20180170775A1

公开(公告)日：2018-06-21

申请号：US15578563

申请日：2016-06-14

Applicant: Saltworks Technologies Inc.

Inventor： Xiangchun YIN ,  Benjamin SPARROW

IPC: C02F1/469 ,  C02F1/76 ,  C02F1/66 ,  C02F1/467 ,  B01D61/50

CPC classification number: C02F1/4693 ,  B01D61/44 ,  B01D61/46 ,  B01D61/50 ,  B01D2311/12 ,  B01D2311/2634 ,  B01D2311/2684 ,  C02F1/04 ,  C02F1/441 ,  C02F1/442 ,  C02F1/445 ,  C02F1/447 ,  C02F1/461 ,  C02F1/4674 ,  C02F1/66 ,  C02F1/76 ,  C02F2001/5218 ,  C02F2101/16 ,  C02F2103/10 ,  C02F2103/26 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F2201/4613 ,  C02F2201/46145 ,  C02F2201/4617 ,  C02F2201/4618 ,  C02F2209/003 ,  C02F2209/006 ,  C02F2209/05 ,  C02F2209/06 ,  C02F2209/14 ,  C02F2209/29 ,  C02F2209/40

Abstract: Methods, systems, and techniques for removing ammonium from ammonia-containing water involve using a stack that has alternating product chambers and concentrate chambers for receiving ammonia-containing water and an acidic solution, respectively, with the chambers being bounded by alternating cation exchange membranes and proton permselective cation exchange membranes. Ammonium moves from the product chambers to the concentrate chambers across the CEMs and protons move from the concentrate chambers to the product chambers across the pCEMs when the stack is in use. An electrolyzer may also be used to convert the ammonium in the concentrate chambers into nitrogen.

公开(公告)号：US09266747B1

公开(公告)日：2016-02-23

申请号：US14427043

申请日：2014-11-26

Applicant: Saltworks Technologies Inc.

Inventor： Benjamin Stuart Sparrow ,  Saqib Naveed

IPC: C02F1/04 ,  C02F1/06 ,  C02F1/26 ,  B01D3/06 ,  B01D3/14 ,  B01D3/42 ,  C02F1/00 ,  B01D5/00 ,  C02F103/08 ,  C02F103/10

CPC classification number: C02F1/06 ,  B01D1/26 ,  B01D3/065 ,  B01D3/143 ,  B01D3/146 ,  B01D3/42 ,  B01D5/0036 ,  C02F1/008 ,  C02F1/04 ,  C02F1/042 ,  C02F1/265 ,  C02F2103/08 ,  C02F2103/10 ,  C02F2209/005 ,  C02F2209/006 ,  C02F2209/03 ,  C02F2209/05 ,  C02F2209/40 ,  C02F2301/08 ,  C02F2303/22 ,  Y02A20/128

Abstract: A multistage thermal desalination system, together with its associated method of use, allows de-scaling of subsystems exposed to saturated saltwater by alternating the saturation stage of the process between two neighboring physical desalination stages. The desalination system is provided with at least one transfer conduit, at least one pump, and valving to permit saltwaters being desalinated by higher and lower stage desalination subsystems to be swapped. By replacing the saturated saltwater in a higher salt concentration desalination subsystem with lower salt concentration saltwater, the scaling in higher salt concentration desalination subsystem is reduced while the saturation load is placed on another of the desalination subsystems.

Abstract translation: 多级热脱盐系统及其相关的使用方法允许通过在两个相邻的物理海水淡化阶段之间交替进行饱和阶段，使暴露于饱和盐水的子系统缩小。 该脱盐系统设置有至少一个输送管道，至少一个泵和阀门，以允许盐水由更高级和更低级的海水淡化子系统脱盐，以被交换。 通过用较低的盐浓度盐水替代较高盐浓度脱盐子系统中的饱和盐水，在较高盐浓度脱盐子系统中的沉淀减少，而饱和负荷则放置在另一个淡化子系统上。

公开(公告)号：US20160002082A1

公开(公告)日：2016-01-07

申请号：US14768410

申请日：2014-03-06

Applicant: SALTWORKS TECHNOLOGIES INC.

Inventor： Xiangchun Yin ,  Benjamin Stuart Sparrow ,  Malcolm Man

IPC: C02F9/00 ,  C02F1/469 ,  C02F1/52 ,  C02F1/44 ,  C02F1/42

CPC classification number: C02F9/00 ,  B01D61/002 ,  B01D61/025 ,  B01D61/027 ,  B01D61/44 ,  B01D61/58 ,  B01D2311/04 ,  B01D2311/06 ,  B01D2311/08 ,  B01D2317/04 ,  B01D2321/223 ,  C02F1/42 ,  C02F1/441 ,  C02F1/442 ,  C02F1/445 ,  C02F1/447 ,  C02F1/4693 ,  C02F1/52 ,  C02F1/66 ,  C02F2001/422 ,  C02F2001/425 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F2201/4617 ,  C02F2201/4618 ,  Y02A20/131 ,  Y02A20/134 ,  B01D2311/12 ,  B01D2311/2642 ,  B01D2311/2669

Abstract: A multivalent ion separating desalination system and associated process employs at least one multivalent ion separator subsystem to split sparingly soluble multivalent ion species from saltwater into highly soluble salts comprising multivalent cations and monovalent anions and salts comprising monovalent cations and multivalent anions.

Abstract translation: 多价离子分离脱盐系统和相关方法使用至少一个多价离子分离器子系统将盐水中的可溶性多价离子物质分离成包含多价阳离子和包含一价阳离子和多价阴离子的单价阴离子和盐的高可溶性盐。