公开(公告)号：US08595602B2

公开(公告)日：2013-11-26

申请号：US13920157

申请日：2013-06-18

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Micha Anholt

IPC: H03M13/00

CPC classification number: H04L1/0041 ,  H03M13/1515 ,  H03M13/152 ,  H03M13/159 ,  H03M13/6516 ,  H04L1/004

Abstract: Apparatus for encoding includes a first processing stage, which is configured to filter input data with a first set of coefficients belonging to a first generator polynomial representing a first ECC, to produce a first output. A second processing stage is configured to filter the first output using a second set of coefficients belonging to a quotient polynomial, which is defined as a quotient of a second generator polynomial, representing a second ECC, divided by the first generator polynomial, to produce a second output. Ancillary circuitry has first and second operational modes and is coupled to the first and second processing stages so as to generate a first redundancy output corresponding to the first ECC based on the first output when operating in the first mode, and to generate a second redundancy output corresponding to the second ECC based on the second output when operating in the second mode.

公开(公告)号：US20130254635A1

公开(公告)日：2013-09-26

申请号：US13895650

申请日：2013-05-16

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Micha Anholt

IPC: H03M13/09

CPC classification number: H03M13/09 ,  G06F11/1008 ,  H03M13/152 ,  H03M13/1525 ,  H03M13/1545

Abstract: A method for decoding an Error Correction Code (ECC) includes accepting coefficients, including at least first and second coefficients, of an Error Locator Polynomial (ELP) that is defined over a vector space and has at least one root that is indicative of a location of an error in a set of bits, which represent data that has been encoded with the ECC. The first coefficient is represented using a first basis of the vector space, and the second coefficient is represented using a second basis of the vector space, different from the first basis. Using processing circuitry, the root of the ELP is identified by applying algebraic operations to the coefficients, such that the algebraic operations are applied to the first coefficient using the first basis, and to the second coefficient using the second basis. The error is corrected responsively to the identified root of the ELP.

Abstract translation: 用于对纠错码（ECC）进行解码的方法包括接受在向量空间上定义的错误定位多项式（ELP）的至少第一和第二系数的系数，并且具有指示位置的至少一个根 在一组位中的错误，其表示已经用ECC编码的数据。 使用向量空间的第一基础来表示第一系数，并且使用与第一基础不同的向量空间的第二基础来表示第二系数。 使用处理电路，通过对系数应用代数运算来识别ELP的根，使得使用第一基础将代数运算应用于第一系数，并使用第二基应用于第二系数。 响应于ELP的确定的根而纠正错误。

公开(公告)号：US20130121080A1

公开(公告)日：2013-05-16

申请号：US13734335

申请日：2013-01-04

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Naftali Sommer ,  Ofir Shalvi ,  Uri Perlmutter ,  Oren Golov ,  Eyal Gurgi ,  Micha Anholt ,  Dotan Sokolov

IPC: G11C16/04

CPC classification number: G11C16/04 ,  G11C8/20 ,  G11C11/5642 ,  G11C16/20 ,  G11C16/28 ,  G11C2211/5634

Abstract: A method for operating a memory (28) that includes a plurality of analog memory cells (32) includes storing data in the memory by writing first storage values to the cells. Second storage values are read from the cells, and a Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) of the second storage values is estimated. The estimated CDF is processed so as to compute one or more thresholds. A memory access operation is performed on the cells using the one or more thresholds.

Abstract translation: 一种用于操作包括多个模拟存储单元（32）的存储器（28）的方法包括：通过向单元写入第一存储值来将数据存储在存储器中。 从单元读取第二存储值，并且估计第二存储值的累积分布函数（CDF）。 处理估计的CDF以计算一个或多个阈值。 使用一个或多个阈值对单元执行存储器存取操作。

公开(公告)号：US09799397B2

公开(公告)日：2017-10-24

申请号：US15437715

申请日：2017-02-21

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Micha Anholt ,  Naftali Sommer

IPC: G11C16/04 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C16/10

CPC classification number: G11C11/5628 ,  G11C7/1006 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C11/5642 ,  G11C11/5671 ,  G11C16/08 ,  G11C16/10 ,  G11C16/107 ,  G11C16/26 ,  G11C16/3427

Abstract: A method for data storage includes storing data in a group of memory cells, by encoding the data using at least an outer code and an inner code, and optionally inverting the encoded data prior to storing the encoded data in the memory cells. The encoded data is read from the memory cells, and inner code decoding is applied to the read encoded data to produce a decoding result. At least part of the read data is conditionally inverted, depending on the decoding result of the inner code.

公开(公告)号：US20170162258A1

公开(公告)日：2017-06-08

申请号：US15437715

申请日：2017-02-21

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Micha Anholt ,  Naftali Sommer

IPC: G11C11/56

CPC classification number: G11C11/5628 ,  G11C7/1006 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C11/5642 ,  G11C11/5671 ,  G11C16/08 ,  G11C16/10 ,  G11C16/107 ,  G11C16/26 ,  G11C16/3427

Abstract: A method for data storage includes storing data in a group of memory cells, by encoding the data using at least an outer code and an inner code, and optionally inverting the encoded data prior to storing the encoded data in the memory cells. The encoded data is read from the memory cells, and inner code decoding is applied to the read encoded data to produce a decoding result. At least part of the read data is conditionally inverted, depending on the decoding result of the inner code.

公开(公告)号：US09613686B2

公开(公告)日：2017-04-04

申请号：US14858313

申请日：2015-09-18

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Micha Anholt ,  Naftali Sommer

IPC: G11C19/04 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C16/08 ,  G11C16/26 ,  G11C7/10 ,  G11C16/34 ,  G11C16/10

CPC classification number: G11C11/5628 ,  G11C7/1006 ,  G11C11/56 ,  G11C11/5642 ,  G11C11/5671 ,  G11C16/08 ,  G11C16/10 ,  G11C16/107 ,  G11C16/26 ,  G11C16/3427

Abstract: A method for data storage includes storing data in a group of memory cells, by encoding the data using at least an outer code and an inner code, and optionally inverting the encoded data prior to storing the encoded data in the memory cells. The encoded data is read from the memory cells, and inner code decoding is applied to the read encoded data to produce a decoding result. At least part of the read data is conditionally inverted, depending on the decoding result of the inner code.

公开(公告)号：US09473176B2

公开(公告)日：2016-10-18

申请号：US14555612

申请日：2014-11-27

Applicant: APPLE INC.

Inventor： Moti Teitel ,  Micha Anholt

IPC: H03M13/00 ,  H03M13/15 ,  H04L9/06

CPC classification number: H04L9/0643 ,  G06F7/724 ,  H03M13/158

Abstract: A method, including factoring an order of a multiplicative group of a Galois Field to produce a first integer factor p and a second integer factor q, wherein the multiplicative group includes (2m−1) elements, m a non-negative integer, so that 2m−1=pq. The method further includes receiving an element x of the Galois Field expressible as α(qi+j), where α is a primitive element of the group, i is a first non-negative integer less than p, and j is a second integer less than q. An inverse or a logarithm of the element x is calculated as a function of qi and j.

Abstract translation: 一种方法，包括对Galois Field的乘法组的顺序进行分解以产生第一整数因子p和第二整数因子q，其中乘法组包括（2m-1）个元素，非负整数，使得2m -1 = pq。 该方法还包括接收可以表达为α（qi + j）的伽罗瓦域的元素x，其中α是该组的原始元素，i是小于p的第一非负整数，j是第二整数小于 比q。 作为qi和j的函数计算元素x的倒数或对数。

公开(公告)号：US20160182087A1

公开(公告)日：2016-06-23

申请号：US14574411

申请日：2014-12-18

Applicant: APPLE INC.

Inventor： Naftali Sommer ,  Moti Teitel ,  Micha Anholt

IPC: H03M13/11

CPC classification number: H03M13/1148 ,  H03M13/1128 ,  H03M13/1142 ,  H03M13/1174 ,  H03M13/2963 ,  H03M13/2975 ,  H03M13/3715 ,  H03M13/453

Abstract: A decoder includes circuitry and a soft decoder. The circuitry is configured to receive channel hard decisions for respective bits of a Generalized Low-Density Parity Check (GLDPC) code word that includes multiple component code words, including first and second component code words having one or more shared bits, to schedule decoding of the GLDPC code word, and following the decoding, to output the decoded GLDPC code word. The soft decoder is configured to receive the channel hard decisions corresponding to the first component code word, to further receive soft reliability measures that were assigned to the shared bits in decoding the second component code word, and to decode the first component code word based on the channel hard decisions and the soft reliability measures.

Abstract translation: 解码器包括电路和软解码器。 电路被配置为接收包括多个分量码字的广义低密度奇偶校验（GLDPC）码字的各个比特的信道硬判决，该多个分量码字包括具有一个或多个共享比特的第一和第二分量码字，以调度 GLDPC码字，并在解码之后，输出解码的GLDPC码字。 软解码器被配置为接收与第一分量码字相对应的信道硬判决，以进一步接收在解码第二分量码字时分配给共享比特的软可靠性度量，并且基于 渠道硬决策和软可靠性措施。

公开(公告)号：US20160156368A1

公开(公告)日：2016-06-02

申请号：US14555612

申请日：2014-11-27

Applicant: APPLE INC.

Inventor： Moti Teitel ,  Micha Anholt

IPC: H03M13/15 ,  H04L9/06

CPC classification number: H04L9/0643 ,  G06F7/724 ,  H03M13/158

Abstract: A method, including factoring an order of a multiplicative group of a Galois Field to produce a first integer factor p and a second integer factor q, wherein the multiplicative group includes (2m−1) elements, m a non-negative integer, so that 2m−1=pq. The method further includes receiving an element x of the Galois Field expressible as α(qi+j), where α is a primitive element of the group, i is a first non-negative integer less than p, and j is a second integer less than q. An inverse or a logarithm of the element x is calculated as a function of qi and j.

Abstract translation: 一种方法，包括对Galois Field的乘法组的顺序进行分解以产生第一整数因子p和第二整数因子q，其中乘法组包括（2m-1）个元素，非负整数，使得2m -1 = pq。 该方法还包括接收可以表达为α（qi + j）的伽罗瓦域的元素x，其中α是该组的原始元素，i是小于p的第一个非负整数，j是第二个整数， 比q。 作为qi和j的函数计算元素x的倒数或对数。

公开(公告)号：US20160094689A1

公开(公告)日：2016-03-31

申请号：US14499606

申请日：2014-09-29

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Koby Vainapel ,  Yoel Boger ,  Gilad Kirshenberg ,  Micha Anholt

IPC: H04L29/06

CPC classification number: H04L69/28 ,  H04L1/1614 ,  H04L1/1685 ,  H04L69/22

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to a system and method for improving a rate of success in receiving response packets, such as 802.11 Acknowledge (ACK), Block Acknowledge (BACK), and Clear-To-Send (CTS) packets. In one embodiment, a wireless device may transmit one or more first packets according to a wireless communication protocol, and may then receive a second packet. The wireless device may determine that the receiving follows the transmitting by a specific duration of time that is specified by the wireless communication protocol for a response packet to follow one or more communication packets to which it responds. Based at least in part on this determining, the wireless device may further determine that the second packet is a response packet responding to the one or more first packets, without decoding a portion of the second packet that identifies a packet type of the second packet.

Abstract translation: 本文描述的实施例涉及用于提高接收响应分组（例如802.11确认（ACK），块确认（BACK））和清除发送（CTS）分组的成功率的系统和方法。 在一个实施例中，无线设备可以根据无线通信协议发送一个或多个第一分组，然后可以接收第二分组。 无线设备可以确定接收跟随由无线通信协议为响应分组指定的特定持续时间的发送遵循其响应的一个或多个通信分组。 至少部分地基于该确定，无线设备还可以确定第二分组是响应于一个或多个第一分组的响应分组，而不对识别第二分组的分组类型的第二分组的一部分进行解码。