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308 条记录 (耗时 0.02 秒)

    Method and apparatus for measuring a fluid characteristic
    33.
    发明申请
    Method and apparatus for measuring a fluid characteristic 审中-公开
    用于测量流体特性的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20020189323A1

    公开(公告)日：2002-12-19

    申请号：US09930636

    申请日：2001-08-15

    发明人： Edward E. Francisco Jr.

    IPC分类号： G01N009/00

    CPC分类号： G01F1/8468 ,  G01N9/002 ,  G01N2203/0051 ,  G01N2203/0075 ,  G01N2203/0094 ,  G01N2203/0623 ,  G01N2203/0688

    摘要： A tube through which fluid flows is installed in a fluid system. A piezoelectric driver is mounted on the exterior of the tube. A piezoelectric sensor is also mounted on the exterior of the tube. A feedback loop from the sensor to the driver is adapted to cause vibrations in the tube at its resonant frequency or a harmonic thereof. One or more strain gauges mounted on the exterior wall of the tube sense the strain exerted on the exterior wall by the pressure of the fluid flowing through the tube. A temperature sensor mounted on the exterior wall of the tube senses temperature. A microprocessor determines the density of the fluid flowing through the tube responsive to the piezoelectric sensor, temperature sensor and the one or more strain gauges. The one or more strain gauges comprise a bridge circuit. Strain gauges comprise two arms of the bridge circuit and temperature dependent resistors comprise the other two arms of the bridge. The output from the one or more strain gauges is used to correct the frequency reading given by the piezoelectric sensor.

    摘要翻译： 流体流过的管安装在流体系统中。 压电驱动器安装在管的外部。 压电传感器也安装在管的外部。 从传感器到驱动器的反馈回路适于使管中的振动处于其谐振频率或其谐波。 安装在管的外壁上的一个或多个应变计通过流过管的流体的压力感测施加在外壁上的应变。 安装在管外壁上的温度传感器感测温度。 微处理器响应于压电传感器，温度传感器和一个或多个应变计来确定流过管的流体的密度。 一个或多个应变计包括桥接电路。 应变计包括桥接电路的两个臂，温度依赖电阻器包括桥的另外两个臂。 来自一个或多个应变计的输出用于校正由压电传感器给出的频率读数。

    Apparatus and methods for measuring surface roughness
    34.
    发明申请
    Apparatus and methods for measuring surface roughness 失效
    用于测量表面粗糙度的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号：US20020112533A1

    公开(公告)日：2002-08-22

    申请号：US10114721

    申请日：2002-04-02

    发明人： Harold L. Dunegan

    IPC分类号： G01N019/02 ,  G01B005/28

    CPC分类号： G01B17/08 ,  G01N19/02 ,  G01N2203/0007 ,  G01N2203/0008 ,  G01N2203/0623 ,  G01N2203/0688

    摘要： A method for measuring surface roughness during formation of the surface due to grinding, polishing, and machining operations is described. It is also shown that the same technique can be used to measure the surface roughness after it has been formed. The measurement is accomplished by acoustically coupling a broadband piezoelectric transducer to the surface of the plate being measured by the use of petroleum jelly or other liquids that will eliminate an air interface between the surface to be measured and the transducer. Stress waves are generated in the plate by grinding or polishing operations. These same types of waves are generated by moving an object over a given surface (for example the human finger). Signals received by the transducer are split into two frequency ranges. One part of the signal is hi-pass filtered above 100 KHz, the other part of the signal is band-pass filtered between 20-60 Khz. It is observed that signals from a rough surface have higher amplitudes in the low frequency channel (LF), while signals produced from a smoother surface have higher amplitudes in the high frequency channel (HF). Signals from both frequency channels are amplified and routed to a circuit that measures the average signal level (ASL) from both channels. These ASL signals are then routed to a computer containing an A/D converter. The ratio of the HF/LF amplitudes are then calculated by the computer. It is observed that the value of this ratio can be correlated to the surface roughness generated by the above processes in spite of changes in amplitude of the signal due to velocity effects and instrument gain.

    摘要翻译： 描述了由于研磨，抛光和加工操作而在形成表面期间测量表面粗糙度的方法。 还表明，相同的技术可以用于测量其形成后的表面粗糙度。 通过将宽带压电传感器声学耦合到通过使用凡士林或其它液体测量的板的表面来实现测量，该液体将消除待测表面与换能器之间的空气界面。 通过研磨或抛光操作在板中产生应力波。 通过在给定表面（例如人的手指）上移动物体来产生这些相同类型的波。 由传感器接收的信号分为两个频率范围。 信号的一部分在100KHz以上进行高通滤波，信号的另一部分在20-60赫兹之间进行带通滤波。 观察到来自粗糙表面的信号在低频信道（LF）中具有更高的振幅，而从较平滑的表面产生的信号在高频信道（HF）中具有更高的幅度。 来自两个频率信道的信号被放大并路由到从两个信道测量平均信号电平（ASL）的电路。 然后将这些ASL信号路由到包含A / D转换器的计算机。 然后计算机计算HF / LF振幅的比值。 观察到，尽管由于速度效应和仪器增益而导致的信号振幅的变化，但是该比率的值可以与由上述过程产生的表面粗糙度相关。

    Method and device for determining the hardness/elasticity and/or other properties of vegetables or fruit
    35.
    发明申请
    Method and device for determining the hardness/elasticity and/or other properties of vegetables or fruit 失效
    用于确定蔬菜或水果的硬度/弹性和/或其他性质的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US20020014112A1

    公开(公告)日：2002-02-07

    申请号：US09727298

    申请日：2000-11-29

    发明人： Jacob Hendrik de Greef

    IPC分类号： G01N003/32

    CPC分类号： G01N3/40 ,  B65G2201/02 ,  G01N33/025 ,  G01N2203/0623

    摘要： The present invention comprises a method for determining the hardness of a vegetable or fruit, wherein the vegetable or fruit is rotated, wherein an impactor element is carried close to the surface of a fruit or vegetable, wherein during rotation of the fruit an impactor element is brought into contact with the fruit or the vegetable a number of times, wherein the impact of the respective impactor element is measured in order to determine the hardness of the vegetable or fruit over at least a portion of the surface thereof. The present invention also comprises a device for determining the hardness of a vegetable or fruit. The present invention further provides a method for determining a property of a vegetable or fruit.

    摘要翻译： 本发明包括一种用于确定蔬菜或水果的硬度的方法，其中旋转蔬菜或水果，其中冲击器元件靠近水果或蔬菜的表面携带，其中在水果旋转期间，冲击器元件是 与水果或蔬菜接触多次，其中测量各个冲击器元件的冲击，以便确定其表面的至少一部分上的蔬菜或水果的硬度。 本发明还包括用于确定蔬菜或水果的硬度的装置。 本发明还提供了一种用于确定蔬菜或水果的性质的方法。

    Particle sensor
    36.
    发明授权
    Particle sensor 失效
    粒子传感器

    公开(公告)号：US5969236A

    公开(公告)日：1999-10-19

    申请号：US911704

    申请日：1997-08-15

    申请人： Toshikazu Hirota ,  Kazuyoshi Shibata

    发明人： Toshikazu Hirota ,  Kazuyoshi Shibata

    IPC分类号： G01N15/02 ,  G01N3/48 ,  G01N15/06 ,  G01N29/04 ,  G01N29/22 ,  G01N33/28 ,  H01L41/08 ,  G01F1/30 ,  G01F1/66 ,  H01L41/04

    CPC分类号： G01N15/0656 ,  G01N29/046 ,  G01N29/222 ,  G01N3/48 ,  G01N33/28 ,  G01N2203/0623 ,  G01N2291/0226 ,  G01N2291/02408 ,  G01N2291/02416

    摘要： A particle sensor includes, a sensor element including (a) a vibrating section having a mass that is sensitive to the collision of solid particles contained in a fluid with the vibrating section and (b) a detecting section for detecting the vibration of the vibrating section caused by the collision and converting the vibration to electric signals, a housing for fixing said sensor element, an inlet nozzle forming a fluid inlet, and an outlet nozzle forming a fluid outlet. In the particle sensor, the outlet nozzle is provided so that the sensor element is between the inlet nozzle and the outlet nozzle, throughholes are formed in the sensor element in at least part of the vicinity of the vibrating section, and the fluid entering the particle sensor from the inlet nozzle collides with the sensor element, passes through the throughholes and leaves the particle sensor from the outlet nozzle. The particle sensor has such a characteristic structure that the speed of a fluid colliding with the sensor element can be changed. The particle sensor can measure the sizes and particle size distribution of particles contained in a fluid, easily in a short time.

    摘要翻译： 一种颗粒传感器包括：传感器元件，包括：（a）具有对包含在流体中的固体颗粒与振动部分的碰撞敏感的质量的振动部分，以及（b）检测振动部分的振动的检测部分 由碰撞引起的振动和电信号转换，用于固定传感器元件的壳体，形成流体入口的入口喷嘴和形成流体出口的出口喷嘴。 在颗粒传感器中，出口喷嘴被设置成使得传感器元件位于入口喷嘴和出口喷嘴之间，在传感器元件中至少部分地在振动部分附近形成通孔，并且进入颗粒的流体 来自入口喷嘴的传感器与传感器元件碰撞，穿过通孔并从出口喷嘴离开颗粒传感器。 粒子传感器具有能够改变与传感器元件碰撞的流体的速度的特征结构。 颗粒传感器可以在短时间内容易地测量流体中包含的颗粒的尺寸和粒度分布。

    Pull test apparatus for permanently attached sutures
    37.
    发明授权
    Pull test apparatus for permanently attached sutures 失效
    拉伸固定缝线的测试仪器

    公开(公告)号：US5918284A

    公开(公告)日：1999-06-29

    申请号：US25556

    申请日：1998-02-18

    申请人： John F. Blanch ,  Anthony Esteves ,  David D. Demarest

    发明人： John F. Blanch ,  Anthony Esteves ,  David D. Demarest

    IPC分类号： A61B17/06 ,  G01N3/02 ,  G01N3/08 ,  G01N3/10

    CPC分类号： G01N3/08 ,  A61B17/06004 ,  G01N2203/0278 ,  G01N2203/028 ,  G01N2203/0623

    摘要： A semi-automated machine for singulating individual surgical needles from an bulk supply and attaching a suture to the surgical needle is described. Each of the surgical needles has a suture receiving opening formed therein for receiving a suture. The machine includes a needle singulation station, a precise positioning station, a suture feeding station, a swage station, a pull-test station and an off-load station. A universal gripper mounted on a rotary indexing device automatically receives each individual needle in a predetermined orientation and conveys the needle for sequential processing from station to station to form the needle-suture assembly. A swage station is provided for swaging the needle to close the suture receiving opening about the suture to secure said suture thereto and form therefrom a needle and suture assembly. The suture pull-test station tests each needle suture bond with a pre-determined pull for quality control. This pull is adjustable via a precision spring tension device. The pull test station includes two sets of jaws for gripping the suture, the first for the quality control pull test, and the second for a destructive test in which the strength of the bond is measured for adjusting the swage dies and for statistical quality control purposes. A final off-load station provides an apparatus for assembling a predetermined number of need-suture assemblies in a bundle for subsequent packaging.

    摘要翻译： 描述了一种半自动化机器，用于从大量供应单独分离各个手术针并将缝合线附接到外科手术针。 每个外科用针具有形成在其中的用于接收缝合线的缝合线接收开口。 该机器包括一个针式分选站，一个精确的定位站，一个缝合线进料站，一个挤压站，一个拉力试验站和一个卸载站。 安装在旋转分度装置上的通用夹具自动地以预定方向接收每个单独的针，并且将针进行顺序处理，从站到站以形成针缝合组件。 提供了一个挤压工位，用于锻造针，以围绕缝合线封闭缝合线接收开口以将所述缝合线固定到其上并由此形成针和缝线组件。 缝合线拉力试验台用预定拉力测试每根针缝合线以进行质量控制。 该拉力可通过精密弹簧张力装置调节。 牵引测试台包括两组用于夹紧缝合线的钳口，第一种用于质量控制拉力测试，第二种用于破坏性测试，其中测量粘合强度以调整模具和统计质量控制目的 。 最终的卸载站提供了用于组装预定数量的用于随后包装的束中的需要缝合组件的装置。

    Method and apparatus for testing the quality of fruit
    38.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for testing the quality of fruit 失效
    测试水果质量的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US5811680A

    公开(公告)日：1998-09-22

    申请号：US557130

    申请日：1996-03-20

    申请人： Naftali Galili ,  Itzhak Shmulevich ,  David Rosenfeld

    发明人： Naftali Galili ,  Itzhak Shmulevich ,  David Rosenfeld

    IPC分类号： G01N3/00 ,  G01N3/06 ,  G01N3/38 ,  G01N33/02 ,  G01N29/12

    CPC分类号： G01N3/38 ,  G01N33/025 ,  G01N2203/0051 ,  G01N2203/0623

    摘要： A method of testing the quality of a fruit including applying a dynamic impact force to the fruit, detecting the mechanical response of the fruit to the dynamic force via a piezoelectric film transducer supported on a displaceable resilient base member such that the film transducer is bent by the dynamic impact force, to induce a strain in the film transducer, and the film transducer outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the change of the induced strain in the film transducer caused by the dynamic force and analyzing the electrical signal to indicate the quality of the fruit. Apparatus for carrying out the method is also described and claimed.

    摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US94 / 06869 Sec。 371日期：1996年3月20日 102（e）1996年3月20日PCT 1994年6月13日PCT公布。 公开号WO94 / 29715 日期1994年12月22日一种测试水果质量的方法，包括对果实施加动态冲击力，通过支撑在可位移的弹性基底构件上的压电薄膜换能器检测果实对动力的机械响应， 膜传感器通过动态冲击力弯曲，引起薄膜换能器中的应变，并且薄膜换能器输出对应于由动力引起的薄膜换能器中的感应应变的变化的电信号，并分析电信号 表明水果的质量。 还描述和要求保护用于执行该方法的装置。

    Zero load thickness caliper
    39.
    发明授权
    Zero load thickness caliper 失效
    零负载厚度卡尺

    公开(公告)号：US5575078A

    公开(公告)日：1996-11-19

    申请号：US396972

    申请日：1995-03-01

    申请人： James E. Moulton, III

    发明人： James E. Moulton, III

    IPC分类号： G01B7/06 ,  G01N3/00 ,  G01N3/02 ,  G01N3/06 ,  G01B5/06

    CPC分类号： G01B7/06 ,  G01N3/066 ,  G01N2203/0019 ,  G01N2203/0282 ,  G01N2203/0623

    摘要： A caliper or measurement apparatus for compressible sheet material includes first and second opposed contact faces which move relative to each other. A load cell in one face detects the load exerted there against, while a position indicator indicates the distance between faces. A microprocessor monitors load and position values continuously, corrects the load signal for noise and drift and determines whether a change in load cell output is correlated with advance of the measurement face. When a coupled load/position pattern is identified as a compression curve, the second contact face is assumed to have contacted the sheet and a thickness value is derived from the signals. Preferably, signal values are scaled and the processor operates on integral values, resulting in fast arithmetical operations that proceed in real time as the sensors are polled at a rate in excess of several kilohertz. Once contact is achieved, the processor stores load and position values which form a compression curve, and may implement further processing to produce other empirical measurements. A bulk ZLC measurement is equal to the zero-load intercept of a tangent to a linear region of the compression curve, while fixed-load relaxed measurements, such as TAPPI measurements, are advantageously taken by applying a fixed static load in the linear compression region of the specimen. All three measurements may be taken in succession as the caliper closes.

    摘要翻译： 用于可压缩片材的卡钳或测量装置包括相对于彼此移动的第一和第二相对的接触面。 一个测力传感器在一个面上检测到反作用力，而位置指示器指示面之间的距离。 微处理器连续监视负载和位置值，校正负载信号的噪声和漂移，并确定称重传感器输出的变化是否与测量面的前进相关。 当将耦合的负载/位置模式识别为压缩曲线时，假设第二接触面已经接触到纸张，并且从信号导出厚度值。 优选地，信号值被缩放，并且处理器对积分值进行操作，导致快速的算术运算，当传感器以超过几千赫兹的速率被轮询时，实时进行。 一旦达到接触，处理器就可以存储形成压缩曲线的负载和位置值，并且可以实现进一步的处理以产生其他经验测量。 批量ZLC测量等于压缩曲线的线性区域的切线的零负载截距，而固定负载松弛测量（例如TAPPI测量）有利地通过在线性压缩区域中施加固定的静态负载 的样本。 当卡钳关闭时，所有三个测量可以连续进行。