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    Fuel and base oil blendstocks from a single feedstock
    52.
    发明授权
    Fuel and base oil blendstocks from a single feedstock 有权
    来自单一原料的燃料和基础油混合原料

    公开(公告)号：US08816143B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-08-26

    申请号：US12914759

    申请日：2010-10-28

    申请人： Stephen J. Miller

    发明人： Stephen J. Miller

    IPC分类号： C07C1/00

    CPC分类号： C10L1/08 ,  C10G3/46 ,  C10G3/50 ,  C10G45/58 ,  C10G45/62 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10G2300/1018 ,  C10G2300/302 ,  C10G2300/304 ,  C10G2400/04 ,  C10G2400/10 ,  C10L1/026 ,  C10L1/04 ,  C11C1/04 ,  C11C3/00 ,  C11C3/12 ,  Y02E50/13 ,  Y02P30/20

    摘要： A method comprising providing a fatty acyl mixture comprising: (i) a C10-C16 acyl carbon atom chain content of at least 30 wt. % wherein at least 80% of the C10-C16 acyl carbon atom chains are saturated; and (ii) a C18-C22 acyl carbon atom chain content of at least 20 wt. % wherein at least 50% of the acyl C18-C22 carbon atom chains contain at least one double bond; hydrolyzing the mixture to yield a quantity of C10-C16 saturated fatty acids and C18-C22 unsaturated fatty acids; oligomerizing at least some of the C18-C22 unsaturated fatty acids to yield a quantity of C36+ fatty acid oligomers; hydrotreating at least some of the C10-C16 saturated fatty acids and at least some of the C36+ fatty acid oligomers to yield a quantity of diesel fuel blendstock and C36+ alkanes; and separating at least some of the diesel fuel blendstock from the C36+ alkanes.

    摘要翻译： 一种包括提供脂肪酰基混合物的方法，包括：（i）C 10 -C 16酰基碳原子链含量为至少30wt。 ％，其中至少80％的C 10 -C 16酰基碳原子链是饱和的; 和（ii）C 18 -C 22酰基碳原子链含量为至少20wt。 ％，其中至少50％的酰基C 18 -C 22碳原子链含有至少一个双键; 水解该混合物以产生一定量的C 10 -C 16饱和脂肪酸和C 18 -C 22不饱和脂肪酸; 使至少一些C18-C22不饱和脂肪酸低聚得到一定量的C36 +脂肪酸低聚物; 加氢处理至少一些C10-C16饱和脂肪酸和至少一些C36 +脂肪酸低聚物以产生一定数量的柴油燃料混合料和C36 +烷烃; 并且从C36 +烷烃中分离至少一些柴油燃料混合原料。

    Method of purifying gas streams
    53.
    发明授权
    Method of purifying gas streams 有权
    气流净化方法

    公开(公告)号：US08815198B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-08-26

    申请号：US13962618

    申请日：2013-08-08

    申请人： Neste Oil Oyj

    发明人： Juhani Aittamaa ,  Kari Keskinen ,  Jukka Keyriläinen

    IPC分类号： C10L1/16 ,  C07C1/00 ,  B01D53/48

    CPC分类号： C01B3/52 ,  B01D53/52 ,  B01D2251/50 ,  C01B2203/0485 ,  C10G3/50 ,  C10G70/006 ,  Y02P30/20

    摘要： A method of purifying a gas stream formed from a process wherein a glyceride containing raw material is converted to hydrocarbon paraffins. The gas stream contains hydrogen or carbon dioxide as a major component and at least one sulphurous component selected from sulphide compounds as an impurity. The gas is contacted with an acidic aqueous wash solution of transition metal ions capable of binding to sulphide ions. A significant portion of the sulphide compounds contained in the gas are bound into practically insoluble transition metal sulphide compounds to remove sulphide compounds from the gas to produce a purified gas. The obtained purified gas is recovered. The method efficiently lowers sulphide concentrations to ppm or sub-ppm level and it can be implemented on an industrial scale with low investment costs. The metal can be recovered.

    摘要翻译： 一种纯化由其中含有甘油酯的原料转化为烃链烷烃的方法形成的气流的方法。 气流含有作为主要成分的氢或二氧化碳和选自硫化物作为杂质的至少一种亚硫酸成分。 气体与能够结合硫化物离子的过渡金属离子的酸性水溶液接触。 包含在气体中的大部分硫化物化合物被结合到几乎不溶的过渡金属硫化物化合物中以从气体中除去硫化物以产生净化的气体。 回收得到的净化气体。 该方法有效地将硫化物浓度降低到ppm或亚ppm水平，并且可以以低投资成本在工业规模上实施。 金属可以回收。

    Biomass conversion systems having integrated heat management and methods for use thereof
    58.
    发明授权
    Biomass conversion systems having integrated heat management and methods for use thereof 有权
    具有集成热管理的生物质转换系统及其使用方法

    公开(公告)号：US08729324B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-05-20

    申请号：US13332301

    申请日：2011-12-20

    申请人： Joseph Broun Powell ,  Juben Nemchand Chheda

    发明人： Joseph Broun Powell ,  Juben Nemchand Chheda

    IPC分类号： C07C1/00

    CPC分类号： C10G3/00 ,  C10G1/002 ,  C10G1/065 ,  C10G3/40 ,  C10G3/52 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10G2300/202 ,  C10G2300/4081 ,  C10L1/026 ,  Y02P30/20

    摘要： Biomass conversion systems may incorporate integrated heat management to operate more efficiently during biomass conversion. Biomass conversion systems may comprise a first fluid circulation loop comprising a hydrothermal digestion unit, and a first catalytic reduction reactor unit in fluid communication with an inlet and an outlet of the hydrothermal digestion unit; and a second fluid circulation loop comprising a reaction product take-off line in fluid communication with the first fluid circulation loop, a second catalytic reduction reactor unit in fluid communication with the reaction product take-off line, and a recycle line establishing fluid communication between the first fluid circulation loop and an outlet of the second catalytic reduction reactor unit, where the first catalytic reduction reactor unit contains at least one first catalyst and the second catalytic reduction reactor unit contains at least one second catalyst, each being capable of activating molecular hydrogen.

    摘要翻译： 生物量转换系统可以结合集成的热管理，在生物质转化过程中更有效地运行。 生物质转化系统可以包括包含水热消解单元的第一流体循环回路和与水热消解单元的入口和出口流体连通的第一催化还原反应器单元; 以及第二流体循环回路，其包括与所述第一流体循环回路流体连通的反应产物输出管线，与所述反应产物输出管线流体连通的第二催化还原反应器单元，以及在所述第二流体循环回路 所述第一流体循环回路和所述第二催化还原反应器单元的出口，其中所述第一催化还原反应器单元包含至少一个第一催化剂，所述第二催化还原反应器单元含有至少一个第二催化剂，每个所述第二催化剂能够活化分子氢 。

    Hydrotreating carbohydrates
    59.
    发明授权
    Hydrotreating carbohydrates 有权
    加氢处理碳水化合物

    公开(公告)号：US08729322B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-05-20

    申请号：US12849109

    申请日：2010-08-03

    申请人： Edward L. Sughrue ,  Jianhua Yao

    发明人： Edward L. Sughrue ,  Jianhua Yao

    IPC分类号： C07C1/00

    CPC分类号： C10G3/45 ,  C01B3/34 ,  C01B2203/0205 ,  C10G3/46 ,  C10G3/47 ,  C10G3/50 ,  C10G45/08 ,  C10G2300/1011 ,  C10G2300/1014 ,  C10G2300/104 ,  C10G2300/1044 ,  C10G2300/1051 ,  C10G2300/1055 ,  C10G2300/305 ,  C10G2400/02 ,  Y02P20/133 ,  Y02P20/145 ,  Y02P30/20

    摘要： Conversion of renewable hydrocarbons to transportation fuels is required to reduce carbon emission, limit the use of fossil fuels, and develop renewable energy sources. Sorbitol, xylitol and trehelose are polyalcohols generated from the liquefaction of various sugars and carbohydrates in biomass from algae, corn, sugarcane, switchgrasses, and biological wastes. Mixtures of aqueous polyols and fuel feedstocks are catalyzed over metal catalysts to produce hexanes, pentanes, and lighter hydrocarbons. By managing the catalyst, reaction conditions and sulfur content, the octane value of the product fuel is dramatically increased.

    摘要翻译： 将可再生碳氢化合物转化为运输燃料需要减少碳排放，限制化石燃料的使用和开发可再生能源。 山梨糖醇，木糖醇和古洛糖是来自藻类，玉米，甘蔗，柳枝稷和生物废物的生物质中各种糖和碳水化合物的液化所产生的多元醇。 含水多元醇和燃料原料的混合物在金属催化剂上催化产生己烷，戊烷和轻质烃。 通过管理催化剂，反应条件和硫含量，产品燃料的辛烷值显着增加。

    Coal liquefaction
    60.
    发明授权
    Coal liquefaction 失效
    煤液化

    公开(公告)号：US08722949B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-05-13

    申请号：US14066373

    申请日：2013-10-29

    申请人： Green Technology LLC

    发明人： John Lee Horning ,  Jan H. Matthias ,  Nigel Moriarty ,  John Stuart Lehde

    IPC分类号： C07C1/00

    CPC分类号： C10G1/00 ,  C10G1/02 ,  C10G31/06 ,  C10G32/02

    摘要： Systems and methods for coal liquefaction are provided. According to one embodiment, coal is introduced into a plasma furnace. A plasma energy field is generated within the plasma furnace by causing an electrical discharge between a pair of arc rods located within the plasma furnace and positioned above the coal. Hydrocarbons contained within the coal are separated from the coal by causing the plasma energy field to penetrate the coal and heat the coal to a temperature sufficient to liquefy the hydrocarbons by focusing and drawing the plasma energy field through the coal with a magnetic field created proximate to the coal. The liquefied hydrocarbons are then captured.

    摘要翻译： 提供煤液化的系统和方法。 根据一个实施例，将煤引入等离子体炉中。 通过在位于等离子体炉内并位于煤上方的一对电弧棒之间产生放电，在等离子体炉内产生等离子体能量场。 包含在煤中的碳氢化合物通过使等离子体能量场穿透煤并将煤加热到足以使烃液化的温度，通过聚焦和拉伸等离子体能量场通过煤与附近产生的磁场而与煤分离 煤炭。 然后捕获液化的烃。