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51.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US06095681A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-01
申请号：US123510
申请日：1998-07-28
CPC分类号： G01N27/124
摘要： Disclosed is a method for operating a sensor to differentiate between first and second analytes in a sample. The method comprises the steps of determining a input profile for the sensor which will enhance the difference in the output profiles of the sensor as between the first analyte and the second analyte; determining a first analyte output profile as observed when the input profile is applied to the sensor; determining a second analyte output profile as observed when the temperature profile is applied to the sensor; introducing the sensor to the sample while applying the temperature profile to the sensor, thereby obtaining a sample output profile; and evaluating the sample output profile as against the first and second analyte output profiles to thereby determine which of the analytes is present in the sample.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于操作传感器以区分样品中的第一和第二分析物的方法。 该方法包括以下步骤：确定传感器的输入轮廓，其将增强传感器在第一分析物和第二分析物之间的输出轮廓的差异; 确定当所述输入轮廓被施加到所述传感器时观察到的第一分析物输出轮廓; 确定当温度分布被施加到传感器时观察到的第二分析物输出分布; 将传感器引入样品，同时将温度曲线应用于传感器，从而获得样品输出分布; 并且根据第一和第二分析物输出分布来评估样品输出分布，从而确定样品中存在哪种分析物。
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52.发明授权Wafer level dielectric test structure and related method for accelerated endurance testing 失效晶圆级介质测试结构及相关加速耐力测试方法
公开(公告)号：US6060895A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-09
申请号：US62907
申请日：1998-04-20
申请人： Sik-Han Soh , Max C. Kuo
发明人： Sik-Han Soh , Max C. Kuo
CPC分类号： G01R31/2856 , G01R31/2884
摘要： An accelerated endurance test structure and process that provides a wafer-level dielectric test. A wafer-level dielectric testing structure includes a heating element. The heating element may be poly-silicon or metal and is formed as a layer above a tunnel oxide layer of an integrated circuit (IC). A thermometer is provided to the heating element to regulate the temperature within the tunnel oxide area. The thermometer may be of a serpentine loop shape. Localized heating of the tunnel oxide structure occurs to a suitable temperature such as 250.degree. Celsius where the endurance test is accelerated so as to assure failure in as little as 10 seconds. Accelerated endurance data on the structure is modeled based on the Arrhenius Equation to accurately predict endurance of the devices contained on the IC.
摘要翻译： 提供晶圆级介电测试的加速耐久性测试结构和工艺。 晶片级介质测试结构包括加热元件。 加热元件可以是多晶硅或金属，并且形成为集成电路（IC）的隧道氧化物层上方的层。 向加热元件提供温度计以调节隧道氧化物区域内的温度。 温度计可能是蛇形环形。 隧道氧化物结构的局部加热发生在合适的温度，例如250℃，耐久性试验加速，以确保在短短10秒内失效。 基于Arrhenius方程模拟结构上的加速耐力数据，以准确预测IC上包含的器件的耐久性。
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53.发明授权Method for generating a simulated signal relating to a temperature in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine 失效用于产生与内燃机的排气系统中的温度有关的模拟信号的方法
公开(公告)号：US5647669A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-15
申请号：US477037
申请日：1995-06-07
CPC分类号： F01N9/00 , F01N11/002 , G01K7/42 , Y02T10/47
摘要： A method and device for generating a simulated signal relating to a temperature in the exhaust system of a motor vehicle. By means of a characteristic curve or a characteristic diagram, a signal for a steady state exhaust gas temperature is generated as a function of the flow rate of gas through the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle. This signal is further processed to generate a signal for a rapid portion and to form a signal for a slow portion of the exhaust gas temperature. The signals for the two portions are superimposed with a prescribable weighting to generate a signal for the exhaust gas temperature. The signal for the slow portion can be logically connected, before the superimposition, to a correction value which depends on the speed of the vehicle.
摘要翻译： 一种用于产生与机动车辆的排气系统中的温度相关的模拟信号的方法和装置。 通过特性曲线或特性图，作为通过机动车辆的内燃机的气体的流量的函数产生稳态排气温度的信号。 该信号被进一步处理以产生用于快速部分的信号并且形成用于废气温度的缓慢部分的信号。 这两个部分的信号以规定的加权重叠，以产生排气温度的信号。 用于慢速部分的信号可以在叠加之前逻辑地连接到取决于车辆速度的校正值。
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公开(公告)号：US5486336A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-23
申请号：US080679
申请日：1993-06-22
CPC分类号： G01N33/0037 , G01N25/30 , F02B1/04
摘要： This invention is a self-contained NO.sub.x sensor assembly. It may be used to detect NO.sub.x levels in a flowing gas stream such as might be found in an exhaust gas from a combustion process and to produce a measurable electrical output related to the content of NO.sub.x measured. The NO.sub.x sensor assembly is of a configuration that may be detached from a mounting and replaced. The sensor assembly comprises two sensor elements one of which is made up of a catalyst on a temperature measuring device. The other is a gas stream ambient temperature measuring device. The catalyst is selected and configured so that it selectively reduces NO.sub.x and the resulting heat of the reaction raises the temperature of the allied temperature measuring device. The sensor assembly also contains a NO.sub.x reductant source. The sensor assembly may be placed in a moving vehicle for measuring NO.sub.x levels in its exhaust gas.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种独立的NOx传感器组件。 它可以用于检测流动气流中的NOx水平，例如可能在来自燃烧过程的废气中发现，并且产生与所测量的NOx含量相关的可测量的电输出。 NOx传感器组件具有可以从安装和拆卸的构造。 传感器组件包括两个传感器元件，其中一个传感器元件由温度测量装置上的催化剂构成。 另一种是气流环境温度测量装置。 催化剂的选择和配置使得其选择性地还原NOx，并且所产生的反应热量升高了相关温度测量装置的温度。 传感器组件还含有NO x还原剂源。 传感器组件可以放置在移动的车辆中，用于测量其废气中的NOx水平。
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55.发明授权Device for the control and detection of adequate heat levels in microwave ovens 失效用于控制和检测微波炉中足够热量的装置
公开(公告)号：US5464968A
公开(公告)日：1995-11-07
申请号：US85397
申请日：1993-06-30
摘要： A process for controlling the microwave heating of a product to a temperature which is higher than or equal to a determined temperature for a period which is longer than or equal to a determined period, a marking support and a receptacle for product intended for such a control. Measurement is made of the resistivity of a thermally crosslinkable ink filled with conductive particles, with which the product or the receptacle containing the product has been previously marked and the resistivity of which is arranged to decrease in a predetermined manner in relation to the temperature and the period of microwave heating. The invention is applicable especially to the control of the sterilization of a pharmaceutical or agri-foodstuff product.
摘要翻译： 一种用于将产品的微波加热控制在高于或等于所确定的温度的温度下长达或等于确定的时间段的过程，用于这种控制的产品的标记支撑件和容器 。 由填充有导电颗粒的热交联性油墨的电阻率进行测量，产品或容纳产品的容器已被预先标记，并且其电阻率被布置成相对于温度以预定的方式减小， 微波加热期。 本发明特别适用于药物或农产品灭菌的控制。
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56.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4327573A
公开(公告)日：1982-05-04
申请号：US125790
申请日：1980-02-29
申请人： Thomas A. Jennings
发明人： Thomas A. Jennings
CPC分类号： G01N27/041
摘要： A method and apparatus for determining the low temperature characteristics of materials measures the resistivity of a sample material and the resistivity of a comparision material and plots the ratio of the resistivity of the comparision material to the resistivity of the sample material versus the temperature of the sample material. In addition, the method and apparatus measures the temperature of the sample and the temperature of a reference material and plots the difference there between as a function of the temperature of the reference material. The method and apparatus is usable in monitoring and/or controlling lyophilization appartus in order to increase the efficiency of the freeze drying process, that is, increasing product yield while reducing processing time.
摘要翻译： 用于确定材料的低温特性的方法和装置测量样品材料的电阻率和比较材料的电阻率，并绘制比较材料的电阻率与样品材料的电阻率与样品的温度之比 材料。 此外，该方法和装置测量样品的温度和参考材料的温度，并根据参考材料的温度绘制其间的差异。 该方法和装置可用于监测和/或控制冻干剂，以提高冷冻干燥过程的效率，即提高产品产量同时减少处理时间。
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57.发明授权Battery voltage regulating and condition indicating circuit for measuring instruments 失效用于测量仪器的电池电压调节和状态指示电路
公开(公告)号：US4127024A
公开(公告)日：1978-11-28
申请号：US797334
申请日：1977-05-16
申请人： Gregory A. Bertone
发明人： Gregory A. Bertone
CPC分类号： G01N27/14 , G01R31/362 , G01R31/3648 , G01R31/3682
摘要： A voltage regulating circuit is provided for low voltage battery-powered measuring instruments of the type using electrically-heated filaments as sensing elements. The circuit includes an indicating signal light which is energized from a separate control power source and controlled by the voltage regulating circuit and also in response to energization of a filament in the instrument. The light is turned OFF in case of failure of the control power or of inability of the voltage regulating circuit to maintain the desired voltage. The light is also turned OFF for a set time period upon energization of the filament to allow the filament to stabilize at its normal temperature. Thus, when the indicator light is ON an indication is provided that the instrument is in condition for use.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种电压调节电路，用于使用电热丝作为感测元件的低压电池供电的测量仪器。 该电路包括从单独的控制电源通电并由电压调节电路控制并且还响应于仪器中灯丝通电的指示信号光。 在控制电源出现故障或电压调节电路无法维持所需电压的情况下，指示灯熄灭。 在灯丝通电时，灯也被关闭一段设定的时间，以使灯丝在其常温下稳定。 因此，当指示灯亮时，提供仪器处于使用状态的指示。
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公开(公告)号：US3997837A
公开(公告)日：1976-12-14
申请号：US551324
申请日：1975-02-20
申请人： Gregor Betz , Hugo-Peter Scholz
发明人： Gregor Betz , Hugo-Peter Scholz
CPC分类号： G01N27/122 , H03K17/72
摘要： In a system for analyzing a gas mixture and including a semiconductor gas measuring sensor and an indicating element, a differential amplifier is connected in series between the sensor and the indicating element.
摘要翻译： 在用于分析气体混合物并且包括半导体气体测量传感器和指示元件的系统中，差分放大器串联连接在传感器和指示元件之间。
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公开(公告)号：US12007262B2
公开(公告)日：2024-06-11
申请号：US17354692
申请日：2021-06-22
申请人： Flusso Limited
发明人： Florin Udrea , Syed Zeeshan Ali
IPC分类号： G01N25/18 , G01F1/688 , G01F1/69 , G01F1/7084 , G01N27/04 , G01N27/14 , G01N27/18 , G01N33/00 , G01F1/698 , G01F15/02
CPC分类号： G01F1/6888 , G01F1/69 , G01F1/7084 , G01N25/18 , G01N27/04 , G01N27/14 , G01N27/18 , G01N33/0027 , G01F1/698 , G01F15/022
摘要： A fluid sensor for sensing a concentration or composition of a fluid, the sensor comprising: a semiconductor substrate comprising a first etched portion; a dielectric region located on the semiconductor substrate, wherein the dielectric region comprises a first dielectric membrane located over the first etched portion of the semiconductor substrate; a first heating element located within the first dielectric membrane; and a second heating element; wherein the first heating element is arranged to thermally shield the second heating element from ambient temperature changes; wherein the first heating element or the second heating element is configured to operate as a temperature sensing element; wherein the first heating element is configured to operate in a constant temperature or constant resistance mode; wherein the second heating element is configured to operate in a constant current or constant voltage mode or constant power mode; and wherein the sensor is configured to determine a thermal conductivity of the fluid using the temperature sensing element to determine said concentration or composition of the fluid.
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公开(公告)号：US11747233B2
公开(公告)日：2023-09-05
申请号：US17034071
申请日：2020-09-28
发明人： Chin-Seong Khor , Jon-Wen Tan , Heng-Dar Ling
摘要： A gas leak detector cartridge includes a cartridge housing that is removably installed in a handheld device. The cartridge housing includes a sensor that detects a presence of a contaminant in a sample gas and is connected to a printed circuit board. The cartridge housing also includes a pump positioned in a manifold and introduces a sample gas to the sensor. The sensor is at least partially inserted into the manifold that includes the pump.
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