摘要:
A recess portion is formed in a substrate to accommodate a light emitting element so as to be sealed with a sealant. A light guide layer formed of a thin transparent resin film is fixed onto the substrate via an adhesive layer to realize an illuminating device with a thin structure. The light emitted from the light emitting element is irradiated into the light guide layer via the sealant and the adhesive layer. The light fully reflecting on the boundary surfaces between the light guide layer and the adhesive layer, and between the light guide layer and the air layer passes inside the light guide layer. Then the light which has not fully reflected leaks outside from the surface of the transparent resin film which forms the light guide layer. This makes it possible to illuminate the surface of the illumination device 1A entirely with brightness.
摘要:
An upright portion of an inner band section is inserted into an elongated hole in an outer band section, and a tab-like stopper of the outer band section is inserted in a cutout hole on the base end side of the upright portion. As a result, a band member is temporarily held in a ring shape. When an inner and an outer pulling claw are pulled together, a fixing hole in the outer band section engages a fixing claw of the inner band section and the tab-like stopper engages a stopper receiving hole. This results in the band member being fixed with its diameter reduced.
摘要:
According to this invention, the encoded data amount of an image and its area attribute information can be encoded to a target amount or less by one input operation of image data, and an input image can be efficiently encoded in accordance with the property of the image. For this purpose, an encoding sequence unit sets an initial quantization matrix table for an image encoding unit in accordance with a mode set by a mode setting unit, and sets parameters associated with attribute rewrite for an attribute rewrite unit. When an image is input, encoded image data generated by the image encoding unit is stored in a memory. Attribute-encoded data generated by an attribute encoding unit is also stored in the memory. The first counter counts an encoded-image data amount, and the second counter counts an attribute-encoded data amount. When the sum of these encoded data exceeds a target amount, the encoding sequence control unit updates the quantization matrix table for the image encoding unit, and causes the image encoding unit to continue encoding. The updated quantization matrix table is set for a re-encoding unit, and encoded data stored in the memory is re-encoded.
摘要:
A semiconductor integrated circuit includes: a package; semiconductor chips in the package including a signal terminal; and a wiring connecting signal terminals. One semiconductor chip is a test object chip including a probe terminal and a test object terminal. The probe terminal connects to an external terminal for testing the test object terminal. The test object chip further includes: a common wiring for connecting the probe terminal and the test object terminal; a first switch for connecting/disconnecting the probe terminal and the common wiring; a second switch for connecting/disconnecting the test object terminal and the common wiring; and a test signal interrupting element for interrupting the test signal to be inputted into an input circuit of the probe terminal.
摘要:
From inputted multilevel image data it is generated, for each pixel, image area information constituted by an image area component indicating whether the pixel exists in a character•line drawing area or halftone area and an image area component indicating whether the pixel is chromatic or achromatic. The information is encoded by a lossless encoding unit on a block basis and stored, and an amount of code is monitored. When the amount of code exceeds a target amount, the lossless encoding unit performs encoding upon changing image area components, of subsequently input image area components, which coincide with a condition. The codes that have already been stored are temporarily decoded by a lossless code re-encoding unit, and the above image area components are changed. The resultant data is then re-encoded and stored.
摘要:
This invention reliably encodes an image while continuously inputting the image with a relatively simple configuration. For this purpose, in this invention, input image data is encoded by an encoder (102) and stored in first and second memories. An encoding sequence controller (108) monitors the code amount. Upon determining that the code amount has reached a set value, the encoding sequence controller discards the data in the first memory and instructs the encoder (102) to increase the quantization step and continue encoding. Preceding encoded data is stored in the second memory. The encoded data is re-encoded by a re-encoder (109) using the same quantization step as that of the encoder (102) after the parameter is changed. The re-encoded data is stored in the first and second memories. The quantization steps set in the encoder (102) and re-encoder (109) at this time have such values that re-encoding by the re-encoder (109) is ended before time when the code amount reaches the set value again.
摘要:
The manufacturing method of the invention is applied to manufacture a unit fuel cell 20, which has a hydrogen-permeable metal layer 22 of a hydrogen-permeable metal and an electrolyte layer 21 that is located on the hydrogen-permeable metal layer 22 and has proton conductivity. The method first forms the electrolyte layer 21 on the hydrogen-permeable metal layer 22, and subsequently forms an electrically conductive cathode 24 on the electrolyte layer 21 to block off an electrical connection between the cathode 24 and the hydrogen-permeable metal layer 22. The method releases Pd toward the electrolyte layer 21 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the electrolyte layer 21 to form a Pd layer as the cathode 24 that is thinner than the electrolyte layer 21. This arrangement of the invention effective prevents a potential short circuit, for example, between the cathode and the hydrogen-permeable metal layer, in the fuel cell, due to pores present in the electrolyte layer.
摘要:
The fuel cell system 1 has a reformer 2 and a fuel cell 3. The reformer 2 has a reforming reaction channel 21 that generates a hydrogen-containing reformed gas Ga and a heat exchange channel 22 for heating. The fuel cell 3 has an anode channel 32 to which the hydrogen-containing reformed gas Ga is supplied, a cathode channel 33 to which an oxygen-containing gas Gc is supplied, and an electrolyte 31 formed between them. The electrolyte 31 is a laminate of a hydrogen-separating metal layer 311 and a proton conductor layer 312. The fuel cell system 1 has a cathode offgas line 46 for feeding the cathode offgas Oc discharged from the cathode channel 33 to the reforming reaction channel 21.
摘要:
Fuel cells 100 of the invention are operable at a temperature of about 500° C. The unit cell has a solid oxide electrolyte layer formed on a hydrogen separable metal layer. An anode has a catalyst supported thereon to accelerate a reforming reaction of methane. A fuel gas is produced by reforming a hydrocarbon-containing material in a reformer 20. Setting a lower reaction temperature enables production of the fuel gas containing both methane and hydrogen. In the fuel cells 100 receiving a supply of the fuel gas, the reforming reaction of methane contained in the fuel gas proceeds simultaneously with consumption of hydrogen contained in the fuel gas. This methane reforming reaction is endothermic to absorb heat produced in the process of power generation and thereby equalizes the operation temperature of the fuel cells 100.
摘要:
A microcomputer that can process plural tasks time-divisionally and in parallel, wherein one of a plural programs described by one of the tasks is described as a looped specific task in which the increment of program addresses is fixed, a program counter is usable as a timer counter, a peripheral function instruction is described in the specific task, the peripheral function instruction is set so as to indicate one or more general-purpose registers as an operand. The CPU executes the peripheral function instruction as one instruction and achieves information needed to execute the instruction by a general-purpose register and stores the execution result into the general-purpose registers. An instruction code encoding system includes an operation code and plural operands for indicating operation targets of an instruction in an instruction code and executing an instruction indicated by the operation code on the operation targets. When the operation targets indicated by the plural operands are set to a combination in which an execution result does not vary, the processing corresponding to an instruction different is executed.