摘要:
An improved two-step replication process for fabrication of porous metallic membranes is provided. A negative of a porous non-metallic template is made by infiltration of a liquid precursor into the template, curing the precursor to form a solid negative, and removing the template to expose the negative. Metal is deposited to surround the exposed negative. Removal of the negative provides a porous metallic membrane having pores which replicate the pores of the original template membrane. The negative is kept immersed in a liquid at all times between removing the template and depositing the metal. This immersion eliminates damage to the negative that would be incurred in drying the negative out between these processing steps. Another aspect of the invention is metallic membranes prepared according to the preceding method. For example, metallic membranes having pores smaller on one side than on the other side of the membrane are provided.
摘要:
A semiconductor device includes a Si crystal having a crystal surface in the vicinity of a (111) surface, and an insulation film formed on said crystal surface, at least a part of said insulation film comprising a Si oxide film containing Kr or a Si nitride film containing Ar or Kr.
摘要:
A circuit connected to a data transmission path, said circuit comprising, a merge element which generates merged data by merging a plurality of incoming data; and a controller which transmits said merged data through said data transmission path when said data transmission path comes open.
摘要:
Dislocations are fabricated into electrolyte membrane films to increase ion conductivity. Ion and/or electron irradiation causes the growth of vacancy clusters within the thin film and collapsing into Frank dislocation loops that exhibit high ion conductivity. Maximum ion conductivity is accomplished by spatially reorienting the Frank dislocation loops during a following heat-treatment of the membrane. Thereby the dislocation loops form surface-to-surface continuous dislocations along which ions may propagate between membrane surfaces with minimal activation energies. Dislocation densities in the range of 108˜1014 cm/cm3 may be fabricated with conventional irradiation techniques into ceramics such as, for example yttria stabilized zirconia and doped ceria.
摘要翻译:将位错制成电解质膜膜以提高离子电导率。 离子和/或电子辐射导致薄膜内空位簇的生长并且折叠成显示出高离子电导率的Frank位错环。 通过在膜的随后热处理中空间调整Frank位错环来实现最大离子传导性。 因此,位错环形成表面到表面的连续位错,离子可以沿着该位移以最小的活化能在膜表面之间传播。 可以用常规照射技术将10×10〜14cm / cm 3范围内的位错密度制成陶瓷,例如 氧化钇稳定氧化锆和掺杂二氧化铈。
摘要:
An improved two-step replication process for fabrication of porous metallic membranes is provided. A negative of a porous non-metallic template is made by infiltration of a liquid precursor into the template, curing the precursor to form a solid negative, and removing the template to expose the negative. Metal is deposited to surround the exposed negative. Removal of the negative provides a porous metallic membrane having pores which replicate the pores of the original template membrane. The negative is kept immersed in a liquid at all times between removing the template and depositing the metal. This immersion eliminates damage to the negative that would be incurred in drying the negative out between these processing steps. Another aspect of the invention is metallic membranes prepared according to the preceding method. For example, metallic membranes having pores smaller on one side than on the other side of the membrane are provided.
摘要:
A semiconductor device includes a Si crystal having a crystal surface in the vicinity of a (111) surface, and an insulation film formed on said crystal surface, at least a part of said insulation film comprising a Si oxide film containing Kr or a Si nitride film containing Ar or Kr.
摘要:
Water flooding at the cathode of a fuel cell is a common problem in fuel cells. By integrating an electroosmotic (EO) pump to remove product water from the cathode area, fuel cell power can be increased. Integration of EO pumps transforms the designs of air channel and air breathing cathodes, reducing air pumping power loads and increasing oxidant transport. Hydration of gas streams, management of liquid reactants, and oxidant delivery can also be accomplished with integrated electroosmotic pumps. Electroosmotic pumps have no moving parts, can be integrated as a layer of the fuel cell, and scale with centimeter to micron scale fuel cells.
摘要:
A feedforward amplifier includes a main amplifier for amplifying an input signal, a control circuit for generating a predetermined pilot signal based on the output of a local oscillator and a frequency divider included in the control circuit, and a coupler for combining the input signal or the amplified signal with the pilot signal to generate a combined signal. A first coupler and a second coupler are provided for extracting any distortion component from the combined signal. A vector adjuster, an error amplifier, and a third coupler are provided for removing the extracted distortion component from the combined signal to generate an output signal. An orthogonal detector is provided for using any one of the pilot signal, or the output of the local oscillator, the frequency divider, and the combination of the vector adjuster, error amplifier, and the third coupler to make an adjustment for removing the distortion component.
摘要:
In a replacement gear shift effected by engagement of a first friction engagement element by increasing a first fluid pressure and instead by disengagement of a second friction engagement element by decreasing a second fluid pressure, a shift control apparatus forcibly increases the first fluid pressure at a gradual rate to prevent an undesired shift shock if the inertia phase does not end within a predetermined time.
摘要:
A process for manufacturing a heat sink, in which a plate-shaped base portion is formed by the diecasting method integrally with the one-end portions of a plurality of fills arrayed at a constant pitch and in parallel with each other.