公开(公告)号：US20040007292A1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-15

申请号：US10394804

申请日：2003-03-21

Inventor： Hideto Fujita ,  Yoshiyuki Fujita ,  Ryoji Fujino ,  Yasutaka Ogawa

IPC: C23C008/24

CPC classification number: B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/185 ,  B06B1/10 ,  C23C8/24 ,  C23C8/26

Abstract: A nitriding method includes the steps of nitriding an object held under a nitriding gas atmosphere in a sealed furnace and applying vibration energy to one or both of the nitriding gas and the object W to facilitate nitriding. A nitriding apparatus includes a nitriding furnace for holding an object W to be nitrided in a sealed manner, means 30 for supplying a nitriding gas to the furnace, and means 2 for applying vibration to the atmosphere gas in the furnace 1 to faciliate nitriding. According to the method or apparatus, nitriding-resistant or complex-shaped materials can be nitrided at high efficiency and a nitrided layer can be formed at a lower temperature for a shorter time as compared with conventional processes.

Abstract translation: 氮化方法包括以下步骤：在密封的炉中将保护在氮化气体气氛下的物体氮化，并向氮化气体和物体W中的一个或两个施加振动能量以促进氮化。 氮化装置包括氮化炉，用于将密封的氮化的物体W保持，用于向炉内供给氮化气体的装置30，以及向炉1中的大气气体施加振动以进行氮化的装置2。 根据该方法或装置，可以高效率地渗氮或复合形状的材料，与常规方法相比，可以在更短的时间内在较低的温度下形成氮化层。

公开(公告)号：US06428666B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-06

申请号：US09256586

申请日：1999-02-22

Applicant: Anup K. Singh ,  David W. Neyer ,  Joseph S. Schoeniger ,  Michael G. Garguilo

Inventor： Anup K. Singh ,  David W. Neyer ,  Joseph S. Schoeniger ,  Michael G. Garguilo

IPC: G01N2726

CPC classification number: G01N30/00 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  G01N1/40 ,  G01N27/44743 ,  G01N2030/0035 ,  G01N2030/285

Abstract: A method for separating and concentrating charged species from uncharged or neutral species regardless of size differential. The method uses reversible electric field induced retention of charged species, that can include molecules and molecular aggregates such as dimers, polymers, multimers, colloids, micelles, and liposomes, in volumes and on surfaces of porous materials. The retained charged species are subsequently quantitatively removed from the porous material by a pressure driven flow that passes through the retention volume and is independent of direction thus, a multi-directional flow field is not required. Uncharged species pass through the system unimpeded thus effecting a complete separation of charged and uncharged species and making possible concentration factors greater than 1000-fold.

Abstract translation: 一种用于从不带电荷或中性物质分离和浓缩带电物质的方法，而不考虑大小差异。 该方法在多孔材料的体积和表面上使用可逆电场诱导的带电物质的保留，其可以包括分子和分子聚集体，例如二聚体，聚合物，多聚体，胶体，胶束和脂质体。 随后通过通过保持体积的压力驱动流从多孔材料中定量地除去保留的带电物质，并且不依赖于方向，因此不需要多方向流场。 不带电荷的物质无阻碍地通过系统，从而完全分离带电荷和不带电荷的物质，并使得可能的浓度因子大于1000倍。

公开(公告)号：US06426057B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-30

申请号：US09987698

申请日：2001-11-15

Applicant: Bernhard Maurer

Inventor： Bernhard Maurer

IPC: C01B15023

CPC classification number: B01J19/2465 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J10/002 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J2219/00033 ,  B01J2219/00096 ,  B01J2219/185 ,  B01J2219/1943 ,  C01B15/023

Abstract: A continuous process for oxidation, in which the substance to be oxidized and the oxidizing gas flow countercurrently and the oxidizing gas is mixed with a split stream containing preoxidized substance before it enters the reactor. A Venturi nozzle is particularly suitable as the mixing organ in the reactor.

Abstract translation: 一种连续的氧化方法，其中待氧化物质和氧化气体逆流流动，氧化气体在进入反应器之前与含有预氧化物质的裂解流混合。 文丘里喷嘴特别适用于反应器中的混合器。

公开(公告)号：US20020022568A1

公开(公告)日：2002-02-21

申请号：US09905651

申请日：2001-07-13

Inventor： Richard Mackay ,  Anthony F. Sammells

IPC: B01J023/10 ,  C01B003/26 ,  C04B035/50

CPC classification number: B01D53/228 ,  B01D53/326 ,  B01D67/0041 ,  B01D67/0083 ,  B01D69/141 ,  B01D71/02 ,  B01D71/022 ,  B01D71/024 ,  B01D2323/08 ,  B01D2323/12 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J12/007 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J23/002 ,  B01J23/83 ,  B01J35/0033 ,  B01J35/065 ,  B01J2219/00051 ,  B01J2219/00063 ,  B01J2219/0018 ,  B01J2219/00189 ,  B01J2523/00 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C01B3/386 ,  C01B13/0255 ,  C01B17/0465 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/1035 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1052 ,  C01B2203/1082 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1258 ,  C01B2210/0046 ,  C01B2210/0051 ,  C01B2210/0062 ,  C01B2210/0071 ,  C01B2210/0075 ,  C01C3/0216 ,  H01M4/9033 ,  H01M4/9066 ,  H01M8/1231 ,  H01M8/1246 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  Y02P70/56 ,  B01J2523/24 ,  B01J2523/3706 ,  B01J2523/842 ,  B01J2523/23 ,  B01J2523/31 ,  B01J2523/845 ,  B01J2523/22 ,  B01J2523/32

Abstract: Ceramics of the composition:Ln1-xSryCax-yMO3-nullwhere Ln is an element selected from the f block lanthanides and yttrium or mixtures thereof; M is an element selected from the d block transition metals or mixtures thereof; 0.1nullxnull0.4; 0.01nullynull0.25 and null is a number that varies to maintain charge neutrality are provided along with methods of their use. These ceramics are useful in making and using gas-impermeable ceramic membranes that exhibit high electronic and ionic conductivity, low coefficients of expansion and high chemical and thermal stability under catalytic membrane reactor conditions. The ceramics provided are particularly useful for promotion of oxidation-reduction reactions and for separating molecular oxygen from oxygen containing gases.

Abstract translation: 陶瓷的组成：<段落lvl =“0”> Ln1-xSryCax-yMO3-delta 其中Ln是从f块中选择的元素镧系元素和钇或混合物 的; M是选自d嵌段过渡金属或其混合物的元素; 0.1 <= x <= 0.4; 0.01 <= y <= 0.25，并且delta是维持电荷中性而变化的数字及其使用方法。 这些陶瓷可用于制造和使用气体不可渗透的陶瓷膜，其在催化膜反应器条件下表现出高电子和离子电导率，低膨胀系数和高的化学和热稳定性。 提供的陶瓷对于促进氧化还原反应和从含氧气体中分离分子氧是特别有用的。

公开(公告)号：US5798119A

公开(公告)日：1998-08-25

申请号：US489888

申请日：1995-06-13

Applicant: Scott M. Herbig ,  Eric J. Miller

Inventor： Scott M. Herbig ,  Eric J. Miller

IPC: A61K9/00 ,  A61K9/52 ,  B01J4/04 ,  A61K9/22 ,  A61K9/24 ,  A61K9/32 ,  A61K9/34

CPC classification number: A61K9/0004 ,  B01J4/04

Abstract: An osmotic device that, following the imbibition water vapor, provides for the controlled release of a beneficial agent to a non-aqueous environment. The device comprises a hydrophilic formulation and a beneficial agent, surrounded by a wall. The wall is formed at least in part of a semipermeable hydrophobic microporous membrane having an average pores size between about 0.1 .mu.m and 30 .mu.m. The pores are substantially filled with a gas phase. The hydrophobic membrane is permeable to water in the vapor phase and the hydrophobic membrane is impermeable to an aqueous medium at a pressure less than about 100 Pa. The beneficial agent is released, for example, by osmotic pumping or osmotic bursting upon imbibition of sufficient water vapor into the hydrophilic formulation. The high water fluxes attendant with these vapor-permeable hydrophobic membranes facilitate the delivery of large quantities of beneficial agents without requiring large surface areas (quantities) of hydrophobic microporous membrane. In addition, use of vapor-permeable hydrophobic microporous membranes allow osmotic devices to be used in environments having limited water availability, such as air or soil.

Abstract translation: 渗透装置，其在吸收水蒸汽之后提供有益剂受控释放到非水环境中。 该装置包括由壁包围的亲水制剂和有益剂。 所述壁至少部分形成有平均孔径在约0.1μm至30μm之间的半透性疏水性微孔膜。 孔基本上充满气相。 疏水膜在气相中对水是可渗透的，并且疏水膜在低于约100Pa的压力下对水性介质是不可渗透的。有益剂例如通过渗透泵送或在渗透足够的水 蒸气进入亲水制剂。 与这些透气疏水膜伴随的高水通量有助于大量有益剂的输送，而不需要疏水微孔膜的大表面积（量）。 此外，使用透气疏水性微孔膜允许渗透装置用于具有有限水可用性的环境中，例如空气或土壤。

公开(公告)号：US5739384A

公开(公告)日：1998-04-14

申请号：US717016

申请日：1996-09-20

Applicant: Miguel Angel Melgosa Albillos ,  Jorge Molina Marsans ,  Lorenzo Ortega Calvo

Inventor： Miguel Angel Melgosa Albillos ,  Jorge Molina Marsans ,  Lorenzo Ortega Calvo

IPC: B01J4/04 ,  C07C51/265

CPC classification number: C07C51/265 ,  B01J4/04 ,  Y02P20/584

Abstract: The process that involves liquid phase catalytic oxidation of a mono- or poly-substituted alkyl aromatic compound comprises: (i) microdispersion of the air in the reactor at a pressure between 15 and 25 atmospheres and at a rate between 200 and 500 kg/sec.m.sup.2 ; and (ii) recycling the catalyst by evaporation of the purge that contains it and leaching the resulting paste with distilled water at 20.degree.-40.degree. C. to dissolve the catalyst separating it from the rest of the components. Aromatic carboxylic acids are basic products used in a large number of industrial fields.

Abstract translation: 涉及单取代或多取代的烷基芳族化合物的液相催化氧化的方法包括：（i）空气在15和25个大气压之间并以200-500kg / sec的速率在反应器中微分散 .m2; 和（ii）通过蒸发含有它的吹扫再循环催化剂，并用蒸馏水在20℃-40℃下浸出所得糊状物以溶解其与其余组分分离的催化剂。 芳族羧酸是用于大量工业领域的基本产品。

公开(公告)号：US5529701A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-25

申请号：US492766

申请日：1995-06-21

Applicant: Thomas L. Grisham ,  Janet K. Peters ,  Keith W. Sharp ,  Edward E. Ebel

Inventor： Thomas L. Grisham ,  Janet K. Peters ,  Keith W. Sharp ,  Edward E. Ebel

IPC: B01J4/04 ,  B01J10/00 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B04C5/10 ,  B04C7/00 ,  B04C9/00 ,  B01D21/26

CPC classification number: B04C9/00 ,  B01J19/26 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B04C5/10 ,  B04C7/00 ,  B01J2219/00051 ,  B01J2219/0011 ,  B01J2219/0013 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  B01J2219/00166

Abstract: Apparatus for optimizing gas-liquid interfacial contact for molecular mass transfer between gas and liquid comprises a gas-liquid contactor assembly including a hollow porous tube surrounded by an outer jacket defining a gas plenum between the jacket and the porous tube; a liquid feed assembly including a nozzle for injecting liquid into the porous tube in a spiraling flow pattern around and along the porous tube; a gas-liquid separator assembly at the first end of the porous tube including a nonporous degassing tube coaxially aligned with and connected to the porous tube, a gas outlet port coaxially aligned with the degassing tube to receive a first portion of gas flowing from the degassing tube, a first gas duct coaxially aligned with and connected to the gas outlet duct to convey the first portion of gas therefrom; a liquid collection assembly; and a second gas discharge assembly to collect and convey gas from the first end of the porous tube. A method of optimizing gas-liquid interfacial contact comprises the general steps of introducing a stream of liquid to the hollow interior of a cylindrical porous tube in a thin film following a spiral flow pattern around and along the wall of the tube; controlling the physical characteristics of the liquid film and the flow pattern followed by the film through the tube; sparging gas through the wall of the tube and into the liquid film at a preselected flow rate so as to create a two phase gas-liquid froth around the wall of the tube and a discrete column of gas in the central portion of the tube; maintaining the froth flow in a radial force field so as to prevent mixing of the froth and gas in the central column; removing gas forming the column from both ends of the tube; and removing liquid from the tube.

Abstract translation: 用于优化用于气体和液体之间的分子质量传递的气 - 液界面接触的装置包括气 - 液接触器组件，其包括中空多孔管，所述中空多孔管被外护套围绕，所述外护套在所述护套和所述多孔管之间限定气室; 液体供给组件，包括用于沿着多孔管围绕和沿着多孔管以螺旋形流动图案将液体注入多孔管中的喷嘴; 在多孔管的第一端处的气液分离器组件包括与多孔管同轴对准并连接到其上的无孔脱气管，与脱气管同轴对准的气体出口，以接收从脱气流出的第一部分气体 管，与气体出口管道同轴对准并连接到气体出口管道的第一气体管道，以从其中输送气体的第一部分; 液体收集组件; 以及第二气体排出组件，用于从多孔管的第一端收集和输送气体。 优化气 - 液界面接触的方法包括以下步骤：在围绕并沿着管壁的螺旋流动模式之后将液体流引入到圆柱形多孔管的中空内部的薄膜中; 通过管子控制液膜的物理特性和随后的膜流动模式; 以预选的流量将气体喷射穿过管的壁并进入液膜，以在管的中心部分上形成围绕管的壁和分立的气体柱的两相气液泡沫; 将泡沫流维持在径向力场中，以防止中心塔中的泡沫和气体混合; 从管的两端去除形成塔的气体; 并从管中去除液体。

公开(公告)号：US5525322A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-11

申请号：US322874

申请日：1994-10-12

Applicant: R. Scott Willms

Inventor： R. Scott Willms

IPC: B01J4/04 ,  B01J8/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  B01J35/06 ,  C01B3/16 ,  C01B3/26 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B3/12

CPC classification number: C01B3/501 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J35/065 ,  B01J4/04 ,  C01B3/16 ,  C01B3/26 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0277 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/041 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/0816 ,  C01B2203/1052 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1614 ,  C01B2203/1695 ,  Y02P20/52

Abstract: Method for simultaneous recovery of hydrogen and hydrogen isotopes from water and from hydrocarbons. A palladium membrane, when utilized in cooperation with a nickel catalyst in a reactor, has been found to drive reactions such as water gas shift, steam reforming and methane cracking to substantial completion by removing the product hydrogen from the reacting mixture. In addition, ultrapure hydrogen is produced, thereby eliminating the need for an additional processing step.

Abstract translation: 从水和烃同时回收氢和氢同位素的方法。 已经发现当与反应器中的镍催化剂配合使用时，钯膜通过从反应混合物中除去产物氢来驱动诸如水煤气变换，蒸汽重整和甲烷裂解的反应来达到基本完成。 此外，产生超纯氢，从而不再需要额外的加工步骤。

公开(公告)号：US5424180A

公开(公告)日：1995-06-13

申请号：US996866

申请日：1992-12-15

Applicant: Mitsuo Saitou

Inventor： Mitsuo Saitou

IPC: B01F5/00 ,  B01F5/06 ,  B01J4/04 ,  G03C1/015

CPC classification number: B01F5/0659 ,  B01F5/0602 ,  B01F5/0682 ,  B01J4/04 ,  G03C1/015 ,  B01F2005/0008

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a highly uniform mixture of a first solution with two or more solute-containing solutions comprises a reaction vessel with a porous member located therein. The porous member, whic may be a membrane or a plurality of fine tubes, is located within the vessel below the surface of the first solution. One or more solute-containing solutions are rapidly and uniformly introduced into the first solution through the porous member. The solute containing solutions diffuse rapidly into the first solution through the openings in the porous member, mixing evenly to produce a uniform composition.

Abstract translation: 用于生产具有两种或多种含溶质溶液的第一溶液的高度均匀混合物的装置包括具有位于其中的多孔构件的反应容器。 多孔构件可以是膜或多个细管，位于第一溶液表面下方的容器内。 通过多孔构件将一种或多种含溶质的溶液快速均匀地引入第一溶液中。 含有溶质的溶液通过多孔构件中的开口快速扩散到第一溶液中，混合均匀以产生均匀的组成。

公开(公告)号：US5380496A

公开(公告)日：1995-01-10

申请号：US130391

申请日：1993-10-01

Applicant: Yoshiyuki Hashiguchi ,  Masakiti Kishi ,  Takehiko Yagyu

Inventor： Yoshiyuki Hashiguchi ,  Masakiti Kishi ,  Takehiko Yagyu

IPC: B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/18 ,  C08F2/18 ,  C08F2/00 ,  B01F13/00

CPC classification number: B01J4/04 ,  B01J19/1862 ,  B01J19/1881 ,  C08F2/18 ,  B01J2219/00103 ,  B01J2219/0011 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  B01J2219/182

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for suspension polymerization to produce polymer particles having uniform size. The apparatus has a droplet forming device with at least one orifice and a recycle line which recycles the aqueous dispersion medium through the droplet forming device, a first reactor and a second reactor. The apparatus can produce polymer particles having uniform particle size.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于制备具有均匀尺寸的聚合物颗粒的悬浮聚合装置。 该装置具有液滴形成装置，其具有至少一个孔口和再循环管线，该再循环管线通过液滴形成装置，第一反应器和第二反应器再循环水分散介质。 该装置可以生产具有均匀粒度的聚合物颗粒。