Liquid absorption agent
    81.
    发明授权
    Liquid absorption agent 失效
    液体吸收剂

    公开(公告)号:US5300606A

    公开(公告)日:1994-04-05

    申请号:US31022

    申请日:1993-03-11

    摘要: A liquid absorption agent for water or organic solvents comprising, as a main component, a crosslinked N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide resin comprising the backbone chain of a homopolymer or copolymer comprising repeating units of the formula shown below crosslinked with a crosslinking agent: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 independently represent a hydrogen atom or methyl;X represents a group --COOY, wherein Y represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, or lower alkyl substituted with hydroxyl, dialkylamino or quaternary ammonium group; a group --CONHZ, wherein Z represents a hydrogen atom or lower alkyl substituted with a dialkylamino group, quaternary ammonium group, sulfonic acid or an alkali metal salt thereof; cyano, 2-ketopyrrolidinyl, lower alkoxy, lower acyl, lower acyloxy or lower alkyl substituted with sulfonic acid or an alkali metal salt thereof, with a proviso that when R.sup.3 is methyl, X is not cyano, 2-ketopyrrolidinyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkylcarbonyl, lower alkoxycarbonyl and lower alkyl substituted with sulfonic acid or a salt thereof;M represents a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal;p represents 0 or 1; anda molar ratio of m:n is 50-100:50-0.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于水或有机溶剂的液体吸收剂,其包含作为主要成分的交联的N-乙烯基羧酸酰胺树脂,其包含均匀聚合物或共聚物的主链,所述主链包含下式所示的重复单元与交联剂交联:(* CHEMICAL 结构*)其中R1,R2和R3独立地表示氢原子或甲基; X表示基团-COOY,其中Y表示氢原子,碱金属,C1-C6烷基或被羟基,二烷基氨基或季铵基团取代的低级烷基; 基团-CONHZ,其中Z表示氢原子或被二烷基氨基取代的低级烷基,季铵基,磺酸或其碱金属盐; 氰基,2-酮吡咯烷基,低级烷氧基,低级酰基,低级酰氧基或被磺酸或其碱金属盐取代的低级烷基,条件是当R 3为甲基时,X不为氰基,2-酮吡咯烷基,低级烷氧基,低级 烷基羰基,低级烷氧基羰基和被磺酸取代的低级烷基或其盐; M表示氢原子或碱金属; p表示0或1; m:n的摩尔比为50〜100:50〜0。

    Optical devices and optical integrated circuits
    84.
    发明授权
    Optical devices and optical integrated circuits 失效
    光器件和光集成电路

    公开(公告)号:US4887877A

    公开(公告)日:1989-12-19

    申请号:US285367

    申请日:1988-12-15

    IPC分类号: G02F1/313 G02F3/00

    CPC分类号: G02F3/00 G02F1/3138

    摘要: An optical device and an optical integrated circuit which incorporate an optical switch and have a novel function. Light sources are respectively coupled to two input ends of an X-type 2.times.2 optical switch, and light receivers are respectively coupled to two output ends of the optical switch, thereby obtaining an optical device which is capable of performing both AND and OR logics. A light source is coupled to one input end of an optical switch, and a light receiver is provided at one output end from which the light emitted from the light source emerges when no electric power is supplied to the optical switch, whereby it is possible to construct a system in which, even when one terminal has a power failure, there is no hindrance to other terminals. If an optical switch is arranged such as to use driving electric power as a modulating signal, the optical switch can serve as a modulator in which the output from one output end can be employed to monitor a modulated optical signal. In addition, if the optical switch is formed into, e.g., a carrier injection type optical switch using a semiconductor, the above-described devices can be fabricated as integrated circuit.

    摘要翻译: 一种光学装置和光学集成电路,其包括光学开关并具有新颖的功能。 光源分别耦合到X型2x2光开关的两个输入端,并且光接收器分别耦合到光开关的两个输出端,从而获得能够执行AND和OR逻辑的光学装置。 光源耦合到光开关的一个输入端,并且在一个输出端提供光接收器,当光源没有电力供应到光开关时,从该光源发射的光会从该光源发射出来,因此可以 构建一个系统,其中即使一个终端具有电源故障,也不会妨碍其他终端。 如果光开关被布置为使用驱动电力作为调制信号,则光开关可以用作调制器,其中可以采用来自一个输出端的输出来监视调制的光信号。 此外,如果光开关形成为例如使用半导体的载流子注入型光开关,则可以将上述器件制造为集成电路。

    Waveguide optical switches
    86.
    发明授权
    Waveguide optical switches 失效
    波导光开关

    公开(公告)号:US4784451A

    公开(公告)日:1988-11-15

    申请号:US762328

    申请日:1985-08-05

    IPC分类号: G02F1/313 G02F1/315 G02F1/015

    摘要: The present invention provides a waveguide type optical switch which has a high extinction ratio and can be driven efficiently at a low voltage or a low current injection. Where the waveguide type optical switch is used as a reflection type optical switch, the switch section is of current confinement structure, and where it is used as a directional coupler type optical switch, the pn junction is formed in the position where the optical electric field takes the maximum value for the fundamental mode of the light propagating in the waveguide.

    摘要翻译: 本发明提供一种具有高消光比且可在低电压或低电流注入下有效驱动的波导型光开关。 在波导型光开关用作反射型光开关的情况下,开关部分为电流限制结构,在用作定向耦合器型光开关的情况下,pn结形成在光电场 获取在波导中传播的光的基本模式的最大值。

    Method for manufacturing zirconium metal and hafnium metal
    89.
    发明授权
    Method for manufacturing zirconium metal and hafnium metal 有权
    锆金属和铪金属的制造方法

    公开(公告)号:US09315915B2

    公开(公告)日:2016-04-19

    申请号:US13001870

    申请日:2009-06-29

    摘要: An object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing metal zirconium, the method having a fewer steps and a smaller amount of secondary wastes generated, wherein the metal zirconium is obtained from a zirconium compound containing hafnium. A method of producing metal zirconium according to the present invention includes: a separation step of separating a hafnium oxychloride from a first substance containing a zirconium oxychloride and a hafnium oxychloride to obtain a second substance having a higher content of the zirconium oxychloride; a calcination step of calcining the second substance to obtain a third substance containing at least any of a zirconium oxychloride and a zirconium oxide; and a direct reduction step of holding the third substance in a molten salt with the third substance brought into contact with a cathode and applying a voltage between the cathode and an anode to directly reduce the third substance to obtain metal zirconium.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的目的是提供一种生产金属锆的方法,该方法具有较少的步骤和较少量的二次废弃物,其中金属锆由含有铪的锆化合物获得。 根据本发明的金属锆的制造方法包括:从含有氯氧化锆和氯化铪的第一物质中分离氯氧化铪的分离工序,得到氯氧化锆含量较高的第二物质; 煅烧第二物质以获得含有三氯氧化锆和氧化锆中的至少一种的第三物质的煅烧步骤; 以及将第三物质保持在与第一物质接触的第三物质与阴极接触并在阴极和阳极之间施加电压以直接还原第三物质以获得金属锆的直接还原步骤。

    Light beam scanning image projection apparatus
    90.
    发明授权
    Light beam scanning image projection apparatus 有权
    光束扫描图像投影装置

    公开(公告)号:US08569727B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-10-29

    申请号:US12999392

    申请日:2009-06-11

    IPC分类号: G01V8/00

    摘要: The object of the invention included in the present application is to automatically prevent the deterioration of the image even when the image quality of the projected image is deteriorated due to the replacement of the light source or the like. The following light beam scanning image projection apparatus is one means for achieving the object. In the light beam scanning image projection apparatus including a plurality of light sources which emit the light beams of respectively different wavelengths, a driving section which modulates the intensity of each light beam in accordance with the image signal, the light axis alignment means which aligns the light axes of each light beam, and scanning means which scans the light beams, the light axis alignment means includes: a plurality of optical elements; and an adjusting section which adjusts at least one of a position and a gradient of at least one of the optical elements, and the light beam scanning image projection apparatus further includes: detecting means which detects a shift between a spot center of each light beam and a center reference point; and position correction means which controls the adjusting section based on a detection result in the detecting means to adjust at least one of the position and the gradient of at least one of the optical elements of the light axis alignment means, thereby aligning the light axes of each light beam.

    摘要翻译: 本申请中包括的本发明的目的是即使当由于更换光源等而导致投影图像的图像质量劣化时,也能够自动防止图像的劣化。 以下光束扫描图像投影装置是实现该目的的一种手段。 在包括发射分别不同波长的光束的多个光源的光束扫描图像投影设备中,根据图像信号调制每个光束的强度的驱动部分,将对准该光束的光轴对准装置 每个光束的光轴和扫描光束的扫描装置,光轴对准装置包括:多个光学元件; 以及调整部,其调整至少一个所述光学元件的位置和倾斜度中的至少一个,并且所述光束扫描图像投影装置还包括:检测装置,其检测每个光束的光点中心与 中心参考点 以及位置校正装置,其基于检测装置中的检测结果来控制调节部分,以调整光轴对准装置的至少一个光学元件的位置和梯度中的至少一个,从而使光轴对准装置的光轴 每个光束。