摘要:
An air-fuel ratio control apparatus for an internal-combustion engine includes an air-fuel-ratio sensor, a control-input calculator, an air-fuel-ratio controller, and a gain calculator. The air-fuel-ratio sensor is disposed in an exhaust channel in the internal-combustion engine and is configured to detect an air-fuel ratio in exhaust gas. The control-input calculator is configured to calculate a control input in accordance with an output value of the air-fuel-ratio sensor. The air-fuel-ratio controller is configured to perform a feedback control using the control input such that the output value of the air-fuel-ratio sensor reaches a target value. The gain calculator is configured to calculate a gain in accordance with the output value when the output value is leaner than the target value. The gain is to be used in calculating the control input.
摘要:
A regenerator, for use in a heat engine, configured to receive and store heat from a high-temperature gas flowing from a high-temperature space into the regenerator, and to provide the heat to a low-temperature fluid flowing from a low-temperature space into the regenerator. The regenerator includes a large number of layered metal meshes. Each metal mesh includes a large number of mutually parallel longitudinal strands and a large number of mutually parallel lateral strands perpendicular to the longitudinal strands. The metal meshes are layered such that each metal mesh is sequentially rotated in a same direction by a fixed angle with respect to an immediately previously layered metal mesh.
摘要:
A plant controller includes a feedback controller configured to calculate a control input provided to a plant so that a control output of the plant matches a target value. The feedback controller includes a controller transfer function that is a transfer function of the feedback controller. The controller transfer function is expressed by a product of an inverse transfer function of a transfer function of a control target model obtained by modeling the plant and a disturbance sensitivity correlation function defined using a sensitivity function. The sensitivity function indicates sensitivity of a disturbance to be applied to the plant with respect to the control output. The sensitivity function is defined by using a response characteristic parameter that indicates a response characteristic of the plant.
摘要:
An integrated memory management device according to an example of the invention comprises an acquiring unit acquiring a read destination logical address from a processor, an address conversion unit converting the read destination logical address into a read destination physical address of a non-volatile main memory, an access unit reading, from the non-volatile main memory, data that corresponds to the read destination physical address and has a size that is equal to a block size or an integer multiple of the page size of the non-volatile main memory, and transmission unit transferring the read data to a cache memory of the processor having a cache size that depends on the block size or the integer multiple of the page size of the non-volatile main memory.
摘要:
An object recognizing apparatus can execute accurate object recognition based on dictionaries each created from a predetermined number of patterns, by computing a similarity between a subspace in each dictionary and a subspace created from input images. In this apparatus, images of a to-be-identified object obtained by an image input unit is expressed in the form of an input subspace by an inter-subspace-angle computing unit. The angles between the input subspace and the subspace of each dictionary stored in a dictionary storing unit is computed. An identifying unit identifies a to-be-identified object based on the angles (the degrees of similarity) computed by the inter-subspace-angle computing unit.
摘要:
A parallel computer of this invention includes a plurality of memory elements and a plurality of processing elements and each of the processing elements is connected to logically adjacent memory elements. For example, the processing element which corresponds to a logical position (i, j) is connected to the memory elements which correspond to a plurality of logical positions (i, j), (i, j+1), (i+1, j) and (i+1, j+1). It is preferable if each of the memory elements can be accessed from the exterior. According to this invention, efficient memory access can be made and the parallel processing can be performed at high speed without increasing the hardware amount and making the control operation complicated. Further, the operation speed of the image processing can be enhanced by constructing an image memory by use of a plurality of memory elements and causing the processing element to effect the image processing in a distributed and cooperative manner.
摘要:
In a multi-layer substrate module receiving from an external earth node (20) supply of a reference potential (Vss) for grounding, a plurality of ground lines (170-1, 170-2, 170-3) are provided respectively corresponding to a plurality of internal circuits (210, 220, 230). Moreover, a common node (Ncmn) for coupling the ground lines (170-1, 170-2, 170-3) is provided in an insulating layer (105C) of the multi-layer substrate module. The common node (Ncmn) is electrically coupled to the earth node 20 through a ground pin terminal 204 shared by the plurality of internal circuits (210, 220, 230). Preferably, the common node (Ncmn) is provided in the lowest insulating layer of the multi-layer substrate module. Thus, parasitic inductance of the portion through which an earth current flows, that is, the portion common to the plurality of internal circuits (210, 220, 230), can be suppressed with a small number of ground pin terminals. Accordingly, the inflow phenomenon of the earth current between the plurality of internal circuits (210, 220, 230) is prevented, enabling stable operation.
摘要:
A hemispherical dielectric resonator is arranged on a conductive substrate with a flat surface of the resonator in contact with the conductive substrate and fixed by a pair of fixing blocks. The dielectric resonator is fed with a signal feeder at a position at one side of the resonator such that intensity of the electric field is higher at that position. The fixing blocks contact a portion of the dielectric resonator where the intensity of the electric field is of a local minimum.
摘要:
An image processing portion for conducting the specified processing of an image to be reproduced by an image forming portion based on the processed image data is constructed as a single control portion. Consequently, the development of a variety of digital copying machines requires preparation of specially designated control boards according to levels of the products. This makes machines expensive and requires users to pay a considerable initial cost. An image processing device of the present invention is provided with an image information inputting means for inputting image information as a first level image, a main image-processing board for conducting the specified processing of the input image information of the first revel image, a sub image-processing board for conducting the specified processing of the image information processed by the main image processing board and outputting the information as a second level image, and a means for reproducing an image according to the image information processed by the main image-processing board or the sub image-processing board. These boards are independent from each other in the circuit configuration.
摘要:
A high probability of detecting an erroneous misfire occurs when combustion becomes unstable during jolt control. Therefore, during jolt control the reliability of the misfire detection system is degraded. As a result, the misfire detection system is inactivated during jolt control by discontinuing the misfire detection, or by deliberately deeming no misfire has occurred if jolt control has occurred. Alternatively, the misfire detection sensitivity is masked during jolt control.