摘要:
A ferroelectric thin film element comprises a substrate and an epitaxial ferroelectric thin film provided on the substrate. The thin film satisfies z/z0>1.003 and 0.997≦x/x0≦1.003, where a crystal face of said thin film parallel to a crystal face of a surface of the substrate is taken as a Z crystal face, a face spacing of the Z crystal face is taken as z, a face spacing of the Z crystal face of a material constituting the thin film in a bulk state is taken as z0, a crystal face of the thin film perpendicular to the Z crystal face is taken as an X crystal face, a face spacing of the X crystal face is taken as x and a face spacing of the X crystal face of the material constituting the thin film in a bulk state is taken as x0.
摘要翻译:铁电薄膜元件包括设置在基板上的基板和外延铁电薄膜。 薄膜满足z / z 0 SUB >> 1.003和0.997 <= X / X 0 <= 1.003,其中所述薄膜的晶面平行于晶体面 将基板的表面作为Z晶面,将Z晶面的面间隔作为z,将构成薄膜的材料的Z晶面的面间距设为z状, SUB> 0 SUB>,将与Z晶面垂直的薄膜的晶面视为X晶面,将X晶面的面间距设为x,X晶面的面间距 构成薄膜的大块状态的材料为x <0>。
摘要:
A method of manufacturing a piezoelectric element structure having a supporting substrate and a piezoelectric film supported on the supporting substrate. A first layer, and a second layer having zirconium, each provided with a perovskite structure, are formed in that order on the supporting substrate. The two layers are formed to be in contact with each other or laminated through an intermediate layer. The temperature is set to 500° C. or more at the time of formation of the layers, and cooling is subsequently provided from the formation temperature at least to 450° C. with a cooling speed of 30° C./min or more.
摘要:
A piezoelectric member element including a piezoelectric member layer and a pair of electrode layers sandwiching the piezoelectric member layer, wherein at least three layers, which are directed in a preferential orientation to the (110) plane on the (100) plane of Si, are accumulated and the above described at least three layers include the above described piezoelectric member layer and one of the above described pair of electrode layers.
摘要:
A piezoelectric structure includes a vibrational plate; a piezoelectric film; the vibrational plate including a layer of a monocrystal material, a polycrystal material, a monocrystal material doped with an element which is different from an element constituting the monocrystal material, or a polycrystal material doped with an element which is different from an element constituting the polycrystal materials, and oxide layers sandwiching the aforementioned layer, the piezoelectric film has a single orientation crystal or monocrystal structure.
摘要:
A dielectric element in which a substrate, a lower electrode layer, a dielectric layer and an upper electrode layer are provided in this order, wherein the dielectric layer has a first dielectric layer of which major component is an oxide and provided on a side of said lower electrode layer, and a second dielectric layer of which major component is an oxide and provided on a side of said upper electrode layer, and the second dielectric layer is thicker than the first dielectric layer, and a formula (1) described below is satisfied when a dielectric constant of the first dielectric layer at 25° C. is ε1 and a dielectric constant of the second dielectric layer at 25° C. is ε2. ε1/ε2≧0.9 (1)
摘要:
The present invention relates to a toner which forms a high quality image, which is stable in various environments, i.e. under high humidity, or low temperature and low humidity conditions, and has a fine particle diameter as well as a sharp particle size distribution, and to a process for producing the same. The toner contains at least a binder resin and a colorant, and has (i) a number average particle diameter of from 0.5 to 6.0 .mu.m, (ii) the coefficient of variation of number distribution of not more than 20%, and (iii) a methanol-soluble resin component in an amount of 0.01-10% based on the weight of the toner, and the methanol-soluble resin component contains a polymer composition having an organic acid group, and an acid value of from 50 to 600 mgKOH/g.
摘要:
A photosensitive recording medium comprises a composition containing a radical-polymerizable monomer, a cationic-polymerizable monomer, a radical polymerization initiator, and a cationic-polymerization initiator as main constituents. A method of producing a hologram comprises a first step of preparing the photosensitive recording medium; a second step of exposing the medium to an interference pattern of radiation rays; and a third step of exposing the entire region of the medium to light; and optionally a fourth step of heating the entire of the medium.
摘要:
A toner for electrophotography contains at least a colorant and a binder resin, and (i) contains 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of colorant per 100 parts by weight of binder resin, (ii) has a number average particle size of 0.5 to 6.0 .mu.m, (iii) has a coefficient of variation of 20% or less based on a number distribution, and (iv) has a capsule structure containing a shell layer and a core. The toner has solvent-mixture-soluble resin components extracted with a solvent mixture of ethanol and methyl ethyl ketone wherein the maximum glass transition temperature (Tg1) of a first soluble resin component obtained by extracting until 10% by weight of the total weight of the solvent-mixture-soluble resin components, and the maximum glass transition temperature (Tg2) of a second soluble resin component of the remainder satisfy the following relations: Tg1>Tg2 and Tg1.gtoreq.50.degree. C.
摘要:
An IR-ray absorptive compound represented by the formula (1) or (2): ##STR1## and an optical recording medium having a substrate and an organic dye thin film, comprising the formulae (1) and/or (2).
摘要:
The present invention relates to an optical recording medium comprising at least one of the following IR-ray absorptive compounds: ##STR1## Incorporation of the IR-ray absorptive compound of the present invention into an optical recording medium noticeably improves the durability of the medium measured by repeated reproduction and light resistance.