摘要:
An object is to provide a sea water desalinating method that is capable of efficiently producing purified water, such as fresh water, from unpurified water, such as sea water. Provided is a fresh water generating method for generating fresh water by way of reverse osmosis membrane filtration, which includes mixing sea water with low salt concentration water having a salt concentration lower than sea water to produce mixed water, and subjecting the mixed water prepared by the mixing to reverse osmosis membrane filtration, thereby generating fresh water.
摘要:
Provided are phosphors that can exhibit higher emission luminance. Phosphors in which the activator is included in a compound represented by Formula xM1O.M2O.yM3O2 (wherein M1 represents one or more of a group comprising Ca, Sr and Ba, M2 represents Mg and/or Zn, M3 represents Si and/or Ge, x is a value in the range 4 to 6 and y is a value in the range 2 to 4). Phosphors represented by Formula M15(1−z)EuzM2M33O12 (wherein M1, M2 and M3 have the same meanings as above, and z is a value in the range 0.0001 to 0.3). The above phosphors have the same crystal structure as bredigite.
摘要:
A method for forming a self-organized monomolecular film, including at least: dissolving an alkylsilane compound having at least an alkoxysilane group or a chlorosilane group at one end of a molecule in an organic solvent having a dielectric constant of 3.0 or more to 6.0 or less to obtain a solution; subsequently coating the solution on a base material or immersing the base material into the solution; and subsequently drying the solution located on the base material.
摘要:
Disclosed is a memory device including an error rate measurement circuit and a control circuit. The error rate measurement circuit, carrying a BIST circuit, reads out and writes data for an area for monitor bits every refresh period to detect an error rate (error count) with the refresh period. The control circuit performs control for elongating and shortening the refresh period so that a desired error rate will be achieved. The BIST circuit issues an internal command and an internal address and drives the DRAM from inside. The BIST circuit writes and reads out desired data, compares the monitor bits to expected values (error decision) and counts the errors.
摘要:
An error correction circuit coupled to a plurality of memory cells in a memory device includes an error correcting code (“ECC”) generator and an ECC controller. The ECC generator is coupled to the memory cells and recognizes data bits stored in the memory cells as a plurality of data bit strings in a first direction and as a plurality of data bit strings in a second direction such that each data bit string in the first direction and each data bit string in the second direction share one data bit in common. The ECC generator generates a respective correction code in the first direction for each data bit string in the first direction and also generates a respective correction code in the second direction for each data bit string in the second direction. The ECC controller is coupled to the memory cells and the ECC generator. The ECC controller identifies a data bit string in the first direction having more than one data bit in error based on the respective correction code in the first direction and identifies a data bit string in the second direction having more than one data bit in error based on the respective correction code in the second direction. The ECC controller causes the data bit shared by the identified data bit string in the first direction and the identified data bit string in the second direction to be changed from a respective existing value to a respective new value different than the respective existing value.
摘要:
A laser marking device (1) includes a laser light source (24) that emits a laser beam, and a beam splitter (230) receiving the laser beam and allowing a part of the laser beam to be reflected thereat and a remaining part of the laser beam to be transmitted therethorogh. The beam splitter (230) has an unpolarized film (233a, 233b) into which the laser beam is entered to divide the laser beam into a plurality of laser beams that travels in different directions, at a predetermined rate regardless of change of a polarized characteristic of the laser beam.
摘要:
Disclosed is a memory device including an error rate measurement circuit and a control circuit. The error rate measurement circuit, carrying a BIST circuit, reads out and writes data for an area for monitor bits every refresh period to detect an error rate (error count) with the refresh period. The control circuit performs control for elongating and shortening the refresh period so that a desired error rate will be achieved. The BIST circuit issues an internal command and an internal address and drives the DRAM from inside. The BIST circuit writes and reads out desired data, compares the monitor bits to expected values (error decision) and counts the errors.
摘要:
A semiconductor memory device includes a memory array having a data area and a check code area and a refresh control for controlling a refresh operation in a data holding state. The device also includes an operation system for executing an encoding operation for generating the check code using a bit string in the data area and a decoding operation for performing the error detection/correction of the data using the check code. Additionally, the device includes an encode controller for controlling an encode process in which, in a change to the data holding state, a first and second code are written in the check code area. Furthermore, the device includes a decode controller for controlling a decode process in which, at the end of the data holding state, first and second bit error correction based on each code are alternately performed, and the first and the second bit error correction are performed at least twice respectively.
摘要:
An object of the present invention is to deploy soccer players in optimum positions in a soccer game. As means for achieving this object, a base position and ability parameters of player characters are stored in memory as attribute data. Player character/formation selection means obtain an operating signal from a controller and thereby obtain player character and formation information. Player character deployment means reference the attribute data to determine the optimum positions for the player characters on a soccer field. Game execution means execute the game on the basis of the determined positions.
摘要:
A refresh period generating circuit which generates a refresh period in refreshing a DRAM cell, comprising: an oscillation circuit which oscillates at a frequency with temperature dependence on ambient temperature; a dividing circuit which divides an oscillation output of the oscillation circuit; a temperature detector which detects the ambient temperature; and a selector which switches and selects among division outputs with respective frequencies from the dividing circuit based on an output of the temperature detector, and outputs a signal as a reference of the refresh period. The temperature dependence in the oscillation circuit includes a positive temperature coefficient in a predetermined temperature range, and does not include a positive temperature coefficient out of the predetermined temperature range. The selector switches the division outputs out of the predetermined temperature range.