Abstract:
Reactors are described for the continuous reaction of gaseous substances on fixed bed catalysts with continuous temperature control and with the aid of a heat transport medium. These reactors are characterised by the design of the catalyst bed in the form of one or more regularly shaped sheet-like layers having a thickness of 0.01-50 cm, the surface of the catalyst layers being covered by a gas-permeable layer and this surface, on the starting material intake side and/or on the product outlet side, facing a likewise regularly shaped wall at a distance of 0.1 to 10 cm, which wall separates the space for the substances to be reacted or reacted substances from the space for the heat transport medium. The reactors are further characterised by the substances to be reacted being directed so as to flow through the catalyst bed approximately or completely perpendicularly to the sheet-like catalyst layers.
Abstract:
A fluid injection lozenge comprises two tubes supporting a perforate member forming a cage enclosing the space between the tubes. Each tube has a series of perforations along its length so that a fluid can be injected, through the tube, into the enclosed space. The lozenges are of use in catalytic converters of either the axial or radial flow design. In the case of a radial flow converter, a plurality of tubes are provided, preferably connected in pairs by the perforate members, to form a squirrel cage structure, disposed in the catalyst bed.
Abstract:
Apparatus for effecting fluid-solids contacting wherein a bed of stationary or downward moving ferromagnetic particles are contacted with a fluid which passes through the bed in a cross-flow manner, said bed being structured or stabilized, by a magnetic field. Also disclosed are processes for using the magnetically stabilized cross-flow contactor including processes for removing particulates from gaseous streams, flue gas desulfurization processes and the like.
Abstract:
A device for the recovery of noble metals emanating from the surface of catalysts used in high pressure gas reactions involving absorbing the noble metal dispersed in the reaction gas in an intercepting bed formed of acid-soluble metal oxides in which the external boundary surface of the intercepting bed is 1.5 to 20 times the cross-sectional area of the catalyst surface. The thickness of the intercepting bed, in the direction of gas flow through the material thereof, is 20 to 40 mm., and the flow of the reaction gases in the intercepting bed is in a direction parallel to the plane of the supporting base of the bed.
Abstract:
A horizontal multiple-chamber, packed column structure for adsorptive separation process wherein loading and unloading of packing material is facilitated, and efficient, effective contact between the packing material and a fluid passing therethrough is provided by the configuration and placement of a fluid inlet and distributor at one end thereof and fluid collector and fluid outlet at the horizontally opposite end, each chamber also including a plurality of axially extending rods to maintain a relatively uniform packing density of packing material in the chamber.