Abstract:
A dimming controlling apparatus including: a lighting driving unit for driving a lighting appliance; a power supply unit for supplying power required to drive the lighting appliance; a storage unit for storing a plurality of dimming profiles including time zones for driving the lighting appliance and dimming levels in accordance to the time zones; and a controller for controlling the lighting driving unit and the power supply unit by using the dimming profiles. An operating time of the lighting appliance is divided into a plurality of time zones, and dimming profiles are generated to include an intensity of illumination for driving the lighting appliance in each of the plurality of time zones and each of the time zones.
Abstract:
Provided is a condensing lens condensing a light from a light source, and a lighting device equipped with the condensing lens. The condensing lens may enable a light to be selectively incident upon a plurality of first incident portions based on an emission angle, may totally-reflect, using a second incident portion, the light refracted by the plurality of first incident portions, and may refract the totally-reflected light using a third incident portion.
Abstract:
A mobile terminal including a wireless communication unit configured to wirelessly communicate with at least one other terminal, a touch screen display configured to display a plurality of independent first objects and a controller configured to receive a selection signal indicating a touching of one of the first objects, control the touch screen display to distinctly display a second independent object indicating a drop point where the touched first object can be dropped and receive a dragging signal indicating the touched first object is being touched, dragged and dropped toward the second object. The mobile terminal stops displaying other non-selected first objects and executes a function indicated by the touched and dragged first object when the first object is dropped at the drop point. Further, the second object is displayed separately and independently from the first objects.
Abstract:
Provided are a method and system for controlling light by using an image code. The method includes displaying an image code on a display unit; acquiring information relating to light settings by recognizing the image code; determining apparatus information and lighting state information by using information relating to the light settings; and transmitting a light request message for requesting light settings according to the lighting state information to the lighting apparatus having apparatus information that is equal to the apparatus information of the image code.
Abstract:
A light emitting device (LED) package and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The LED package includes a circuit board comprising at least one device region, a plurality of electrode regions, at least one first thermal via exposed through upper and lower surfaces of the at least one device region, and a plurality of second thermal vias exposed through upper and lower surfaces of the plurality of electrode regions; at least one first thermal pad bonded to the upper surface of the at least one device region and connected to the first thermal via; at least one LED mounted on the at least one first thermal pad; a plurality of first electrode pads bonded to the upper surface of the electrode region and connected to the second thermal vias; and a plurality of wires to connect the at least one LED with the plurality of first electrode pads.
Abstract:
A menu selection method, which includes selecting a main menu displayed on a touch device of a terminal, displaying one or more sub-menus corresponding to the selected main menu, sensing a direction of a dragging operation on the touch device, and executing a corresponding sub-menu located in the sensed direction of the dragging operation.
Abstract:
An flash memory device includes a block of NAND cell units, each NAND cell unit in the block includes n memory cell transistors MC controlled by a plurality of n wordlines, and is connected in series between a string selection transistor SST connected to a bitline and a ground selection transistor GST. While a programming voltage Vpgm is applied to a selected wordline WL , a cutoff voltage Vss is applied to a nearby unselected wordline closer to the ground selection transistor GST to isolate a first local channel Ch1 from a second local channel Ch2. As the location i of the selected wordline WL increases close to the SST, the second channel potential Vch2 tends to increase excessively, causing errors. The excessive increase of Vch2 is prevented by modifying the voltages applied to string select lines (SSL) and/or to the bit lines (BL), or the pass voltages Vpass applied to the unselected wordlines (WL location i is equal or greater than a predetermined (stored) location number x. If incremental step pulse programming (ISPP) is implemented, the applied voltages are modified only if the ISPP loop count j is equal or greater than a predetermined (stored) critical loop number y.
Abstract:
A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate having a recess therein. A gate insulator is disposed on the substrate in the recess. The device further includes a gate electrode including a first portion on the gate insulator in the recess and a second reduced-width portion extending from the first portion. A source/drain region is disposed in the substrate adjacent the recess. The recess may have a curved shape, e.g., may have hemispherical or ellipsoid shape. The source/drain region may include a lighter-doped portion adjoining the recess. Relate fabrication methods are also discussed.
Abstract:
A semiconductor memory device can include select transistors and cell transistors on a semiconductor substrate. An insulation layer covers the select transistors and the cell transistors. The bit lines are in the insulation layer and are electrically connected to respective ones of the select transistors. The bit lines are arranged along at least two different parallel planes having different heights relative to the semiconductor substrate.
Abstract:
Integrated circuit field effect transistor devices include a substrate having a surface and an active channel pattern on the surface. The active channel pattern includes channels that are stacked upon one another and are spaced apart from one another to define at least one tunnel between adjacent channels. A gate electrode surrounds the channels and extends through the at least one tunnel. A pair of source/drain regions also is provided. Integrated circuit field effect transistors are manufactured, by forming a pre-active pattern on a surface of a substrate. The pre-active pattern includes a series of interchannel layers and channel layers stacked alternately upon each other. Source/drain regions are formed on the substrate at opposite ends of the pre-active pattern. The interchannel layers are selectively removed to form tunnels. A gate electrode is formed in the tunnels and surrounding the channels.