Abstract:
A method for refining oil includes contacting an oil with hydrogen to perform a hydrodeoxygenation reaction using iron oxide as a catalyst. The iron oxide comprises ferrous oxide (FeO), ferrum dioxide (FeO2), ferric oxide (Fe2O3), ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4), or combinations thereof.
Abstract translation:精炼油的方法包括使油与氢接触以使用氧化铁作为催化剂进行加氢脱氧反应。 氧化铁包括氧化亚铁(FeO),二氧化碳(FeO 2),氧化铁(Fe 2 O 3),氧化铁(Fe 3 O 4)或其组合。
Abstract:
A clock generation circuit is provided and includes a phase locked loop (PLL) and a calibrator. The PLL is arranged to receive a first clock signal and generate the output clock signal. The PLL adjusts the frequency of the output clock signal according to a control signal. The calibrator is arranged to receive the output clock signal and a second clock signal, execute a frequency calibration between the output clock signal and the second clock signal, and generate the control signal according to results of the frequency calibration.
Abstract:
The invention provides an apparatus for controlling servo signal gains of an optical disc drive. The apparatus adjusts the gains of a plurality of servo signals controlling a servo system of the optical disc drive when the optical disk drive encounters an operating state transition. In a first mode, at least one AGC loop of the apparatus compensates the gains of the servo signals with a selectable bandwidth during a specific period after the operating state transition to accelerate the convergence of the servo signals. In a second mode, at least one AGC loop of the apparatus reloads the previously saved convergence values or pre-determined values as the initial values according to the current operating state immediately after the operating state transition to accelerate the convergence of the servo signals.
Abstract:
A device for processing a radio frequency (RF) signal of an optical disk drive includes a high-pass (HP) filter, an RF variable gain amplifier (VGA), an RF analog-digital converter (ADC), and a digital module. The HP filter filters the RF signal and is capable of selectively utilizing one of a first cut-off frequency and a second cut-off frequency. The RF VGA amplifies the filtered RF signal. The RF ADC converts the amplified RF signal into a digital code. The digital module is capable of executing a first function and a second function with the digital code. The HP filter utilizes the first cut-off frequency when the digital module desires to execute the first function, and the HP filter utilizes the second cut-off frequency when the digital module desires to execute the second function.
Abstract:
An identifiable TAB for an inkjet cartridge. The identifiable tab contains a flexible substrate, a plurality of conductive traces formed on the flexible substrate, and a plurality of contacts formed on the flexible substrate and connected to the conductive traces. The contacts of the identifiable TAB are arranged into at least one identifiable area for aiding in identifying the inkjet cartridge.
Abstract:
An asymmetry measurement apparatus is disclosed. The asymmetry measurement apparatus is designed for detecting the recorded data reproduction waveform of an optical storage device in digital domain. The asymmetry measurement apparatus includes an Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) for converting an analog signal to a digital signal; a detection unit for detecting plurality values of the digital signal; and an asymmetry calculation unit for generating an asymmetry value of the digital signal according to the plurality values.
Abstract:
An apparatus for light spot servo signal detection for reading an optical recording medium having a plurality of non-writable areas between writable data areas containing address information. An optical pickup provides a light spot to the non-writable areas of the optical recording medium with a predetermined state according to a control signal, and detects optical reflecting signals from the optical recording medium to generate a detection signal. A signal adjusting module offsets signal levels of the detection signal to an operating range to generate an offset shifted detection signal. An analog to digital converter digitizes the offset shifted detection signal to generate a digital signal. A detection circuit detects the servo detection signal according to the digital signal.
Abstract:
An automatic power control system, a down sampling circuit and a down sampling method. The automatic power control system is incorporated in an optical disc drive comprising a laser diode for receiving a control signal to generate a laser beam; and a photodetector for detecting the laser beam to generate an analog input signal. The automatic power control system comprises an analog-to-digital converter, a down sampling circuit, a comparator, and a digital-to-analog converter. The analog-to-digital converter converts the analog input signal to digital data. The down sampling circuit, coupled to the analog-to-digital converter, comprises a down sampler, a counter, and a controller. The down sampler receives a predetermined amount of digital data to generate representation data. The counter, coupled to the down sampler, calculates the amount of digital data, and resets the down sampler when the amount equals or exceeds the predetermined count. The controller, coupled to the counter, disables the counter when the digital data is invalid. The comparator, coupled to the down sampling circuit, compares the representation data with predetermined target data to generate error data. The digital-to-analog converter, coupled to the comparator, converts the error data to analog to generate the control signal.
Abstract:
The invention discloses an identifiable flexible printed circuit board (PCB) and a method of fabricating the same. The identifiable flexible PCB includes a flexible substrate, a conductive layer, and a printing ink layer. First, the conductive layer is formed over a surface of the flexible substrate. Second, the printing ink layer is formed on the surface of the flexible substrate by coating, exposing, and developing to uncover parts of the conductive layer. Also, at least one identifiable area is formed on the printing ink layer and one can easily and correctly identify the cartridge with the flexible PCB.
Abstract:
A digital phase-locked loop circuit includes a counter for outputting a count value corresponding to an output frequency outputted by a voltage controlled oscillator in response to a control voltage signal, a comparator for comparing the count value from the counter with a target value associated with a target frequency output and for outputting a comparison signal according to a comparison result therebetween, a digital reference value generator for outputting a digital reference value according to the comparison signal from the comparator and including a register for storing the digital reference value therein, and a digital-to-analog converter for generating the control voltage signal based on the digital reference value received from the digital reference value generator.