摘要:
In order to quickly and economically evaluate cleanliness of a metal with high representativity when quantities, compositions, etc., of non-metallic inclusion particles existing in a metal and resulting in product defects are evaluated by a sample collected during the production process of the metal, the present invention provides an evaluation method involving the steps of levitation-melting a metal piece for a predetermined time by cold crucible levitation-melting means, discharging non-metallic inclusion particles contained in the metal piece to the surface of a molten metal, and directly analyzing a curved and non-smooth sample surface after solidification by a fluorescent X-ray analysis method using an energy dispersion type spectroscope, or by other chemical or physical measurements, to measure or analyze the quantities of elements constituting the non-metallic inclusion particles and to determine quantity of the non-metallic inclusions.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method, for regulating the flow of a molten steel within a mold by taking advantage of a direct current magnetic field, comprising the step of carrying out continuous casting while regulating the flow of a molten steel, delivered through a nozzle, by applying a direct current magnetic field having a substantially uniform magnetic flux distribution over the whole width direction of the mold, characterized in that the flow velocity of a meniscus on the surface of the molten steel within the mold is regulated in a range of from 0.20 to 0.40 m/sec by regulating the molten steel delivery angle of the nozzle, the position of the magnetic field, and the magnetic flux density. When the flow velocity of the meniscus is greatly increased, a stream of the molten steel delivered through the nozzle is allowed to collide directly with a short-side wall of the mold and, thereafter, the flow velocity is regulated according to the following equation (1), while, when the flow velocity of the meniscus is increased or decreased, a stream of the molten steel delivered through the nozzle is allowed to traverse a magnetic field zone and then to collide with a short-side wall of the mold and, thereafter, the flow velocity is regulated according to the following equation (2):V.sub.P /V.sub.O =1+.alpha..sub.1 {1-exp(-.beta..sub.1 .multidot.H.sup.2)}(1)V.sub.P /V.sub.O =1+.alpha..sub.2 {sin (.beta..sub.2 .multidot.H)exp(-r.multidot.H)} (2)wherein H=185.8.multidot.B.sup.2 .multidot.D.multidot.T/(D+T)V.
摘要:
An electrostatic recording apparatus includes a developing agent carrying member having a surface for carrying a developing agent thereon. A plurality of recording electrodes are arranged on the surface of the developing agent carrying member in parallel to each other at a predetermined gap while being electrically insulated from each other. An electrode cylinder is arranged to oppose the plurality of recording electrodes at a predetermined gap. A developing agent convey section conveys the developing agent such that a circulating convey path is formed along the surface of the developing agent carrying member. A voltage control section outputs a control signal including recording data. A recording electrode drive section is provided inside a space defined by the circulating convey path. Upon reception of the control signal from the voltage control section, the recording electrode drive section applies a recording voltage to the plurality of recording electrodes in accordance with the recording data, and selectively transfers the developing agent conveyed by the developing agent convey section to the electrode cylinder, thereby forming a recording image.
摘要:
Laminates comprising a film of heat-shrinkable synthetic resin and a metallic foil or metallized plastic film laminated to the resin film through a bonding layer which comprises a discontinuous layer of a synthetic resin which flows at a temperature for heat shrinkage and an adhesive layer which maintains its adhesive strength at that temperature. Upon heat shrinkage, the metallic foil or metallized plastic film will wrinkle at the portions in contact with the synthetic resin which is not highly adhesive at the temperature for heat shrinkage. The heat-shrunk laminate can be formed into a casing or container such as an electromagnetic interference shield, a packaging material, and decorative material.
摘要:
An improved lid for heat-sealing a container is proposed which comprises a substrate and an outer peel layer laminated to the substrate through two adhesive layers, one of which has a weaker adhesion strength than the other. The substrate has a base sheet and is formed with such a discontinuous cut outlining an opening that a tear starting from the end of one cut will be received by the front end of a cut next to the cut, and a partial opening will be formed in the substrate.
摘要:
A packaging sheet for containing foodstuff is proposed which comprises a substrate of synthetic resin and a metallic film layer laminated to the substrate through an adhesive layer and a resin layer having a lower bond strength than the adhesive layer. Food packaging containers using the packaging sheet as a lid and self-standing pouches using the packaging sheet as their side sheets are also proposed. Before such a container or pouch containing food is put into a microwave oven for cooking, the metallic film layer or layers can be removed easily from the substrate.
摘要:
A sheet-like compact electronic device includes an electronic parts assembly in which a semiconductor integrated circuit chip, a display element and a dry cell are arranged on a sheet-like board. The electronic parts assembly is flexible and is sandwiched between a sheet-like upper cover and a sheet-like lower cover. The upper cover is flexible and has a display window, and the lower cover is also flexible and has a flat lower surface.
摘要:
A cast slab has a negative segregation zone composed of a multilayer structure of negative segregation layers disposed between dendrite or crystalline layers. The dendrite or crystalline layers are a deflection structure caused by vibration during formation of the cast slab. The negative segregation layers have a distance between them of not more than 2 mm and the number of negative segregation layers is not less than 3. The cast slab has an equi-axed crystal ratio of not less than 50% inside the multilayer negative segregation zone.
摘要:
In order to quickly and economically evaluate cleanliness of a metal with high representativity when quantities, compositions, etc., of non-metallic inclusion particles existing in a metal and resulting in product defects are evaluated by a sample collected during the production process of the metal, the present invention provides an evaluation method involving the steps of levitation-melting a metal piece for a predetermined time by cold crucible levitation-melting means, discharging non-metallic inclusion particles contained in the metal piece to the surface of a molten metal, and directly analyzing a curved and non-smooth sample surface after solidification by dissolving the surface and extracting and filtering the inclusions to measure or analyze the quantities of elements constituting the non-metallic inclusion particles and to determine quantity of the non-metallic inclusions.
摘要:
An object of the present invention is to provide a process for continuously casting a molten metal which process suppresses the instability of the initial solidification and stably improves the lubrication and the surface properties of the cast metal, and an apparatus therefore, in the process for continuously casting a molten metal an alternating current is applied to an electromagnetic coil which is provided so that it surrounds a continuous casting mold wall or is embedded in the side wall of the mold, whereby an electromagnetic force is exerted on the molten metal poured into the mold which either oscillates in a constant mode or does not oscillate and is starting to be solidified the process of the present invention also comprises periodically changing the amplitude or waveform of the alternating current to be applied, and the apparatus of the present invention is used for the process.