Abstract:
Physical layouts of ratioed circuit elements, such as transistors, are disclosed. Such layouts can maintain electrical characteristics of the ratioed circuit elements relative to one another in the presence of mechanical stresses applied to an integrated circuit, such as an integrated circuit encapsulated in plastic. The ratioed circuit elements can include first and second composite circuit elements formed of first and second groups of circuit elements, respectively, arranged around a center point. The first group of circuit elements can be arranged on a grid and the second group of circuit elements can include four circuit elements spaced approximately the same distance from the center point. Each of the circuit elements in the second group can be off the grid in at least one dimension. The first and second groups of circuit elements can be arranged around a perimeter of dummy circuit elements in some embodiments.
Abstract:
Physical layouts of ratioed circuit elements, such as transistors, are disclosed. Such layouts can maintain electrical characteristics of the ratioed circuit elements relative to one another in the presence of mechanical stresses applied to an integrated circuit, such as an integrated circuit encapsulated in plastic. The ratioed circuit elements can include first and second composite circuit elements formed of first and second groups of circuit elements, respectively, arranged around a center point. The first group of circuit elements can be arranged on a grid and the second group of circuit elements can include four circuit elements spaced approximately the same distance from the center point. Each of the circuit elements in the second group can be off the grid in at least one dimension. The first and second groups of circuit elements can be arranged around a perimeter of dummy circuit elements in some embodiments.
Abstract:
A blood oxygenation sensor is provided comprising: a first current-powered light source to produce light having a first wavelength; a second current-powered light source to produce light having a second wavelength; a light sensor to produce a current signal having a magnitude that is indicative of intensity of light incident upon it; a current level driver circuit that includes a current source configured to couple the current source to alternatively provide current to one of the first current-powered light source and the second light current-powered light source; a processor configured to predict times of occurrence of one or more first time intervals in which arterial volume at a tissue site is at one of a maximum and a minimum; wherein the processor is configured to control the current source, to provide a first pattern of higher power-dissipation current pulses to the first and second current-powered light sources during the first time intervals, and to provide a second pattern of lower power-dissipation current pulses to at least one of the first and second current-powered light sources during second time intervals.
Abstract:
A blood oxygenation sensor is provided comprising: a first current-powered light source to produce light having a first wavelength; a second current-powered light source to produce light having a second wavelength; a light sensor to produce a current signal having a magnitude that is indicative of intensity of light incident upon it; a current level driver circuit that includes a current source configured to couple the current source to alternatively provide current to one of the first current-powered light source and the second light current-powered light source; a processor configured to predict times of occurrence of one or more first time intervals in which arterial volume at a tissue site is at one of a maximum and a minimum; wherein the processor is configured to control the current source, to provide a first pattern of higher power-dissipation current pulses to the first and second current-powered light sources during the first time intervals, and to provide a second pattern of lower power-dissipation current pulses to at least one of the first and second current-powered light sources during second time intervals.
Abstract:
A charge rebalancing integration circuit can help keep an output node of a front-end integration circuit within a specified range, e.g., without requiring resetting of the integration capacitor. The process of monitoring and rebalancing the integration circuit can operate on a much shorter time base than the integration time period, which can allow for multiple charge balancing charge transfer events during the integration time period, and sampling of the integration capacitor once per integration time period, such as at the end of that integration time period. Information about the charge rebalancing can be used to adjust subsequent discrete-time signal processing, such as digitized values of the samples. Improved dynamic range and noise performance is possible. Computed tomography (CT) imaging and other use cases are described, including those with variable integration periods.
Abstract:
Various examples are directed to systems and methods for managing a sensor. A measurement system may receive, from a host device, a first register map describing a first configuration of a measurement system. The first configuration may be associated with a first sensor. The measurement system may compare the first register map to an error rule set indicating inconsistent register map arrangements. After comparing the first register map to the error rule set, the measurement system may configure a switch matrix of the measurement system to sample the first sensor according to the first configuration of the measurement system. The measurement system may receive a plurality of samples from a first sensor and generate first digital measurement data based at least in part on the plurality of samples.
Abstract:
A control circuit for use with a four terminal sensor, such as a glucose sensor. The Glucose sensor is a volume product and typically its manufacture will want to make it as inexpensively as possible. This may give rise to variable impedances surrounding the active cell of the sensor. Typically the sensor has first and second drive terminals and first and second measurement terminals, so as to help overcome the impedance problem. The control circuit is arranged to drive at least one of the first and second drive terminals with an excitation signal, and control the excitation signal such that a voltage difference between the first and second measurement terminals is within a target range of voltages. To allow the control circuit to work with a variety of measurement cell types the control circuit further comprises voltage level shifters for adjusting a voltage at one or both of the drive terminals, or for adjusting a voltage received from one or both of the measurement terminals.
Abstract:
A sigma delta analog-to-digital converter (ADC) circuit comprises a capacitive gain amplifier circuit having a first input to receive an input voltage and a second input; a loop filter circuit connected to an output of the capacitive gain amplifier circuit; a sub-ADC circuit including an output and an input connected to an output of the loop filter circuit; and a digital-to-analog (DAC) circuit including a DAC input connected to the output of the sub-ADC circuit, and a DAC output connected to the second input of the capacitive gain amplifier.
Abstract:
An input stage to an analog to digital converter (ADC) includes at least one sampling capacitor (SC) for sampling an input signal in acquire phases, a capacitive gain amplifier (CGA) for providing the input signal to the SC, and bandwidth control means. The bandwidth control means is configured to ensure that the SC has a first bandwidth during a first part of an acquire phase and has a second bandwidth during a subsequent, second, part of said acquire phase, the second bandwidth being smaller than the first. In this manner, first, the input signal is sampled at a higher, first, bandwidth allowing to take advantage of using a high-bandwidth CGA to minimize settling error on the SC, and, next, during a second part of the same acquire phase, the input signal is sampled at a lower, second, bandwidth advantageously decreasing noise resulting from the use of a high-bandwidth CGA.
Abstract:
Various examples are directed to methods and system of managing a sensor. A measurement system may receive from the host device, a first register map describing a first configuration of the measurement system for the first sensor. The first configuration may indicate a first measurement frequency for the first sensor. The measurement system may configure a switch matrix to provide a first excitation signal to the first sensor. The measurement system may configure the switch matrix to connect an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) of the measurement system to the first sensor. The measurement system may sample a first raw sensor signal from the first sensor with the ADC at a first measurement frequency described by the first configuration. The measurement system may generate first digital measurement data based at least in part on the first raw sensor signal and send the first digital measurement data to the host device.