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    Mesophilic and Thermophilic Organisms Modified to Produce Acrylate, and Methods of Use Thereof
    1.
    发明申请
    Mesophilic and Thermophilic Organisms Modified to Produce Acrylate, and Methods of Use Thereof 审中-公开
    修饰生产丙烯酸酯的嗜温嗜热生物及其使用方法

    公开(公告)号：US20120149077A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-06-14

    申请号：US13256297

    申请日：2010-03-12

    申请人： Arthur J. Shaw, IV ,  Vineet Rajgarhia

    发明人： Arthur J. Shaw, IV ,  Vineet Rajgarhia

    IPC分类号： C12P7/40 ,  C12N15/74 ,  C12N1/21

    CPC分类号： C12P7/40 ,  C12N9/0006 ,  C12N9/1029 ,  C12N9/1217 ,  C12N15/63 ,  C12P1/04 ,  C12R1/01

    摘要： The present invention provides for novel metabolic pathways leading to acrylate formation in a consolidated bio-processing system (CBP) where lignocellulosic biomass is efficiently converted to acrylate. In one such metabolic pathway, pyruvate is converted to lactate, which is converted to lactoyol-CoA, which is converted to acryloyl-CoA, and which is finally converted to acrylate. In another such metabolic pathway, pyruvate is converted to L-α-alanine, which is converted to L-aspartate, which is converted to β-alanine, which is converted to β-alanyl-CoA, which is converted to acryloyl-CoA, and which is finally converted to acrylate. In yet another metabolic pathway, pyruvate is converted to lactate, and then lactate is converted directly to acrylate. In certain aspects, the invention provides for heterologous expression of one or more enzymes in a mesophilic or thermophilic organism, such as Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum or Clostridium thermocellutn, where the one or more enzymes functions within a novel metabolic pathway as described above to convert pyruvate to acrylate via lactate, or via β alanine and acryloyl-CoA.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供了导致在固体生物处理系统（CBP）中形成丙烯酸酯的新型代谢途径，其中木质纤维素生物质被有效地转化成丙烯酸酯。 在一种这样的代谢途径中，将丙酮酸转化为乳酸盐，将其转化为乳糖醇CoA，将其转化为丙烯酰辅酶A，最后转化为丙烯酸酯。 在另一个这样的代谢途径中，丙酮酸转化成L-谷氨酸，转化为L-天冬氨酸，转化为β-丙氨酸，转化为β-丙氨酰辅酶A，将其转化为丙烯酰 - CoA，最终转化为丙烯酸酯。 在另一种代谢途径中，将丙酮酸转化成乳酸，然后将乳酸酯直接转化成丙烯酸酯。 在某些方面，本发明提供了一种或多种酶在嗜温或嗜热生物体中的异源表达，所述生物体如热解酵母分解酶或热梭菌（Clostridium thermocellutn），其中一种或多种酶在如上所述的新型代谢途径中起作用以将丙酮酸转化为丙烯酸酯 通过乳酸盐，或通过＆bgr; 丙氨酸和丙烯酰辅酶A。

    Gene Knockout Mesophilic and Thermophilic Organisms, and Methods of Use Thereof
    2.
    发明申请
    Gene Knockout Mesophilic and Thermophilic Organisms, and Methods of Use Thereof 审中-公开
    基因敲除嗜中性和嗜热生物及其使用方法

    公开(公告)号：US20120094343A1

    公开(公告)日：2012-04-19

    申请号：US13129085

    申请日：2009-11-12

    申请人： David A. Hogsett ,  Vineet Rajgarhia ,  Arthur J. Shaw, IV ,  Nicky C. Caiazza

    发明人： David A. Hogsett ,  Vineet Rajgarhia ,  Arthur J. Shaw, IV ,  Nicky C. Caiazza

    IPC分类号： C12P7/56 ,  C12P7/54 ,  C12N1/21 ,  C12N15/11 ,  C12N15/74

    CPC分类号： C12P7/54 ,  C12N9/0006 ,  C12N9/1029 ,  C12N9/1205 ,  C12N9/1217 ,  C12N9/88 ,  C12N9/90 ,  C12N9/92 ,  C12P7/065 ,  C12P7/56 ,  Y02E50/17

    摘要： One aspect of the invention relates to a genetically modified thermophilic or mesophilic microorganism, wherein a first native gene is partially, substantially, or completely deleted, silenced, inactivated, or down-regulated, which first native gene encodes a first native enzyme involved in the metabolic production of an organic acid or a salt thereof, thereby increasing the native ability of said thermophilic or mesophilic microorganism to produce lactate or acetate as a fermentation product. In certain embodiments, the aforementioned microorganism further comprises a first non-native gene, which first non-native gene encodes a first non-native enzyme involved in the metabolic production of lactate or acetate. Another aspect of the invention relates to a process for converting lignocellulosic biomass to lactate or acetate, comprising contacting lignocellulosic biomass with a genetically modified thermophilic or mesophilic microorganism.

    摘要翻译： 本发明的一个方面涉及经遗传修饰的嗜热或嗜温微生物，其中第一天然基因部分，基本上或完全缺失，沉默，失活或下调，所述第一天然基因编码参与 代谢产生有机酸或其盐，从而增加所述嗜热或嗜温微生物产生作为发酵产物的乳酸盐或乙酸盐的天然能力。 在某些实施方案中，上述微生物还包含第一非天然基因，其第一非天然基因编码参与乳酸盐或乙酸盐的代谢产生的第一非天然酶。 本发明的另一方面涉及将木质纤维素生物质转化为乳酸盐或乙酸盐的方法，包括使木质纤维素生物质与遗传修饰的嗜热或嗜温微生物接触。

    Isolation and characterization of Schizochytrium aggregatum cellobiohydrolase I (Cbh 1)
    5.
    发明授权
    Isolation and characterization of Schizochytrium aggregatum cellobiohydrolase I (Cbh 1) 有权
    裂殖壶菌纤维二糖水解酶I（Cbh 1）的分离和表征

    公开(公告)号：US08470592B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-06-25

    申请号：US13003199

    申请日：2009-07-07

    申请人： Elena E. Brevnova ,  Jim Flatt ,  Chhayal Gandhi ,  Vineet Rajgarhia ,  John McBride ,  Anne Warner

    发明人： Elena E. Brevnova ,  Jim Flatt ,  Chhayal Gandhi ,  Vineet Rajgarhia ,  John McBride ,  Anne Warner

    IPC分类号： C12N15/00 ,  C12N9/00 ,  C07H21/04 ,  C07K14/00

    CPC分类号： C12N9/2437 ,  C12Y302/01091 ,  Y02E50/16

    摘要： The present invention provides for the isolation and characterization of the cbh1 gene from Schizochytrium aggregatum. In particular, the present invention provides for the nucleic acid and amino acid sequences of Schizochytrium aggregatum cbh1, and domains, variants and derivatives thereof. The present invention further provides for the heterologous expression of Schizochytrium aggregatum Cbh1 in host cells, including yeast, e.g., Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Expression of Schizochytrium aggregatum Cbh1 in host cells will augment cellulose digestion and facilitate ethanol production by those host cells on cellulosic substrates. In certain embodiments, heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is in coordination with heterologous expression of other known, or newly identified saccharolytic enzymes. Therefore, the present invention also provides that the novel Schizochytrium aggregatum Cbh1 gene can utilized in a consolidated bioprocessing system.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供了来自裂殖壶菌的cbh1基因的分离和表征。 特别地，本发明提供了裂殖壶菌综合征cbh1及其结构域，变体和衍生物的核酸和氨基酸序列。 本发明还提供了在宿主细胞，包括酵母，例如酿酒酵母（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）的异源表达裂殖酵母凝集素Cbh1。 裂殖酵母聚集体Cbh1在宿主细胞中的表达将增加纤维素消化并促进那些宿主细胞在纤维素基质上的乙醇生成。 在某些实施方案中，酿酒酵母中的异源表达与其他已知或新鉴定的蔗糖分解酶的异源表达配合。 因此，本发明还提供了新颖的裂殖壶菌聚集体Cbh1基因可以用于固结的生物处理系统中。

    Heterologous expression of termite cellulases yeast
    7.
    发明授权
    Heterologous expression of termite cellulases yeast 有权
    白蚁纤维素酶酵母的异源表达

    公开(公告)号：US08658398B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-02-25

    申请号：US13003200

    申请日：2009-07-07

    申请人： Elena E. Brevnova ,  Vineet Rajgarhia ,  Mark Mellon ,  Anne Warner ,  John McBride ,  Chhayal Gandhi ,  Erin Wiswall

    发明人： Elena E. Brevnova ,  Vineet Rajgarhia ,  Mark Mellon ,  Anne Warner ,  John McBride ,  Chhayal Gandhi ,  Erin Wiswall

    IPC分类号： C12P19/14

    CPC分类号： C12N9/2437 ,  C12N15/81 ,  C12N15/815 ,  C12P7/10 ,  C12P19/02 ,  C12P19/14 ,  C12Y302/01091 ,  Y02E50/16

    摘要： The present invention provides for heterologous expression of termite and termite-associated symbiont cellulases. The cellulases can, for example, be codon-optimized and expressed in yeast host cells, such as the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The cellulases can also be co-expressed in host cells with other cellulases. The expression in such host cells of the termite and termite-associated symbiont cellulases, and variants and combinations thereof, result in yeast with improved cellulosic activity. Thus, such genes and expression systems are useful for efficient and cost-effective consolidated bioprocessing systems.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供白蚁和白蚁相关共生体纤维素酶的异源表达。 纤维素酶可以例如密码子优化并在酵母宿主细胞中表达，例如酵母酿酒酵母（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）。 纤维素酶也可以与其他纤维素酶在宿主细胞中共表达。 在白蚁和白蚁相关共生体纤维素酶的这种宿主细胞中的表达及其变体和组合导致具有改善的纤维素活性的酵母。 因此，这些基因和表达系统对于有效和成本有效的整合生物处理系统是有用的。