公开(公告)号：US5998544A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-07

申请号：US948233

申请日：1997-10-09

申请人： Axel Gottschalk ,  Ralf Engelhardt ,  Martin Weber ,  Konrad Knoll

发明人： Axel Gottschalk ,  Ralf Engelhardt ,  Martin Weber ,  Konrad Knoll

IPC分类号： C08G81/02 ,  C08L81/02 ,  C08L25/12 ,  C08L53/02

CPC分类号： C08G81/021

摘要： Graft copolymers are prepared by anionic polymerization which comprises reacting polymers (A) having at least one anionic chain end with polymers (B) which contain at least one nitrile group, in the presence of a solvent.

摘要翻译： 通过阴离子聚合制备接枝共聚物，其包括使具有至少一个阴离子链端的聚合物（A）与含有至少一个腈基的聚合物（B）在溶剂存在下反应。

公开(公告)号：US6043315A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-28

申请号：US930054

申请日：1997-11-20

申请人： Axel Gottschalk ,  Ralf Engelhardt ,  Jurgen Koch ,  Robert Weiss

发明人： Axel Gottschalk ,  Ralf Engelhardt ,  Jurgen Koch ,  Robert Weiss

IPC分类号： C08F8/00 ,  C08F297/04 ,  C08L53/02 ,  C08L71/12 ,  C08L77/00 ,  C08L71/00

CPC分类号： C08F8/00 ,  C08F297/04 ,  C08L53/02 ,  C08L71/12 ,  C08L77/00

摘要： A functionalized copolymer of the formulaA--B--Z--XwhereA is a block of vinylaromatic monomers of 8 to 20, preferably 8 to 12, carbon atoms,B is a block of alkadiene monomers of 4 to 12, preferably 4 to 8, carbon atoms,Z is a fundamental building block of a compound having sterically hindering groups andX is a functionalized fundamental building block,a process for its preparation, thermoplastic molding materials containing said copolymer, processes for their preparation, the use for the production of moldings and moldings comprising said molding materials.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP96 / 02229 Sec。 371日期：1997年11月20日 102（e）1997年11月20日日期PCT提交1996年5月23日PCT公布。 WO96 / 38489 PCT公开号 日期1996年12月5日A式ABBX官能化共聚物，其中A是8至20，优选8至12个碳原子的乙烯基芳族单体的嵌段，B是4至12，优选4至8的链烯二烯单体嵌段， Z是具有空间阻碍基团的化合物的基本结构单元，X是官能化基础构成单元，其制备方法，含有所述共聚物的热塑性模塑材料，其制备方法，用于制备模制品的用途 和包括所述成型材料的模制品。

公开(公告)号：US07798985B2

公开(公告)日：2010-09-21

申请号：US11908224

申请日：2006-03-07

申请人： Ralf Engelhardt ,  Enno-Utz Kueper ,  Ulrich Haag

发明人： Ralf Engelhardt ,  Enno-Utz Kueper ,  Ulrich Haag

IPC分类号： A61M37/00 ,  A61M1/00 ,  B01D53/22 ,  B01D19/00 ,  B01D35/00

CPC分类号： A61M1/3627 ,  B01D19/0031

摘要： In a venous bubble trap (1), having a housing (2) to which fluid, in particular blood, can be delivered essentially tangentially via a fluid inlet (8) and from which fluid can be carried away via a fluid outlet (10), and having a filter device (3) located in the interior of the housing (2), the filter device (3) divides the housing interior into a prefilter region (5) and a postfilter region (6), and the postfilter region (6) surrounds the prefilter region (5) in at least some portions. As a result, air is reliably removed from the fluid.

摘要翻译： 在静脉气泡捕集器（1）中，具有通过流体入口（8）基本切向地输送流体（特别是血液）的壳体（2），并且可以经由流体出口（10）将流体从其中移走， ，并且具有位于壳体（2）内部的过滤装置（3），过滤装置（3）将壳体内部分成预过滤器区域（5）和后过滤器区域（6），后过滤器区域 6）至少部分地围绕预过滤器区域（5）。 结果，可靠地从流体中除去空气。

公开(公告)号：US5601738A

公开(公告)日：1997-02-11

申请号：US276045

申请日：1994-07-14

申请人： Ralf Engelhardt ,  Alfred Vogel

发明人： Ralf Engelhardt ,  Alfred Vogel

IPC分类号： A61B17/00 ,  A61B17/22 ,  A61B18/20 ,  B23K26/122 ,  B23K26/12 ,  B23K26/14

CPC分类号： B23K26/122 ,  A61B2017/00176 ,  A61B2017/22008 ,  A61B2017/22089 ,  A61B2018/2025

摘要： A method and apparatus for reducing unwanted pressure changes generated during treatment of a target material in a liquid-filled space with a laser. A pilot pulse is generated to produce a gas bubble in a region of the liquid-filled space before a processing pulse is directed through the region and onto the target material. An impulse spacing between the pilot pulse and the processing pulse is optimized by detecting an oscillation period of the gas bubble. The pilot pulse and processing pulse may be generated by the same or separate laser sources and directed toward the target material by the same or separate conductors, respectively.

摘要翻译： 一种用于减少在用激光在液体填充空间中处理目标材料期间产生的不希望的压力变化的方法和装置。 在处理脉冲被引导通过该区域并且到达目标材料之前，产生导液脉冲以在液体填充空间的区域中产生气泡。 通过检测气泡的振荡周期来优化引导脉冲和处理脉冲之间的脉冲间隔。 导频脉冲和处理脉冲可以由相同或分开的激光源产生，并分别通过相同或分开的导体朝向目标材料。

公开(公告)号：US09629542B2

公开(公告)日：2017-04-25

申请号：US13981667

申请日：2012-02-03

申请人： Ralf Engelhardt ,  Gerit Droege ,  Bjoern Martensen

发明人： Ralf Engelhardt ,  Gerit Droege ,  Bjoern Martensen

IPC分类号： A61B3/14 ,  A61B3/10 ,  G01B9/02

CPC分类号： A61B3/102 ,  G01B9/02064 ,  G01B9/02085 ,  G01B9/02091 ,  G01B2290/35

摘要： A method and apparatus including an interferometer is provided for sequentially recording interferometric sectional images at different depths, in particular for analyzing an eye. By use of an interferometer, which includes an optical reference path and an optical sample path, a sample beam scans a measuring region of a sample, in particular of an eye, so as to generate a deep sectional image. The optical and geometric paths in a sample arm and/or reference arm of the interferometer can be switched quickly between two or more positions. The path length of the sample beam and/or of the reference beam is changed by way of a path length switching unit, deep sectional images are generated at least at two different depths of the sample, and the change of the path length in the switching unit takes place by deflection of the beam paths to different geometric paths.

公开(公告)号：US06341870B1

公开(公告)日：2002-01-29

申请号：US09579968

申请日：2000-05-26

申请人： Peter Koch ,  Christian Scholz ,  Ralf Engelhardt ,  Stefan Kubasiak

发明人： Peter Koch ,  Christian Scholz ,  Ralf Engelhardt ,  Stefan Kubasiak

IPC分类号： G02B508

CPC分类号： G02B26/06

摘要： The device serves the change of the length of the running path of an electromagnetic wave, and specifically of a light beam between the emitter and receiver. It comprises two oppositely lying reflection means between which the beam is reflected, as well as a means for changing the distance of these reflection means. The reflection means are arranged at an angle &bgr; to one another which lies between 0° and 45° so that the incident beam is thrown to and fro several times between the reflection means, until it is finally congruently thrown back.

摘要翻译： 该装置用于改变电磁波的运行路径的长度，特别是发射器和接收器之间的光束。 它包括两个相对位置的反射装置，光束被反射在该反射装置之间，以及用于改变这些反射装置的距离的装置。 反射装置以相对于彼此成角度β设置在0°和45°之间，使得入射光束在反射装置之间被多次投掷，直到它最终完全被抛回。

公开(公告)号：US6095648A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-01

申请号：US263844

申请日：1999-03-08

申请人： Reginald Birngruber ,  Christian Scholz ,  Peter Koch ,  Ralf Engelhardt

发明人： Reginald Birngruber ,  Christian Scholz ,  Peter Koch ,  Ralf Engelhardt

IPC分类号： A61B3/12 ,  A61B3/10

CPC分类号： A61B3/1225

摘要： Systems, methods, and apparatus are provided for deriving the relative position of an eye by tracking a boundary of the eye such as the limbus (i.e., the interface between the white sclera and the colored iris). A technique for tracking the position of the eye of patient comprises directing light to an annular region of the eye between the sclera and the iris and receiving reflected light from that region. The intensity of the reflected light is then measured to determine a relative position of the eye. In some embodiments, the measured region is scanned around the boundary. In other embodiments, a light spot is scanned around a substantially annular trajectory radially outward from the pupil. The signals corresponding to the intensity of the reflected light are then processed and measured to determine the eye's position. A flap of tissue covering the boundary may be automatically detected so as to selectively measure the boundary away from the flap. The invention also provides for integrating the eye tracker into a laser eye surgery system.

摘要翻译： 提供系统，方法和装置，用于通过跟踪眼睛的边界（例如，白色巩膜和彩色虹膜之间的界面）来导出眼睛的相对位置。 用于跟踪患者眼睛位置的技术包括将光引导到巩膜和虹膜之间的眼睛的环形区域并且接收来自该区域的反射光。 然后测量反射光的强度以确定眼睛的相对位置。 在一些实施例中，测量的区域围绕边界扫描。 在其他实施例中，光斑围绕从瞳孔径向向外的基本上环形的轨迹被扫描。 然后对与反射光强度相对应的信号进行处理和测量，以确定眼睛的位置。 可以自动检测覆盖边界的组织瓣，以便选择性地测量远离瓣的边界。 本发明还提供将眼睛跟踪器整合到激光眼睛手术系统中。

公开(公告)号：US5473136A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-05

申请号：US140113

申请日：1994-01-31

申请人： Ralf Engelhardt ,  Scheu Manfred

发明人： Ralf Engelhardt ,  Scheu Manfred

IPC分类号： B23K26/03 ,  B23K26/06 ,  B23K26/42 ,  B23K26/70 ,  B23K26/00

CPC分类号： B23K26/032 ,  B23K26/0648 ,  B23K26/0665 ,  B23K26/702

摘要： In a method for the machining of material using a laser with detection of the material to be machined, laser light is directed at the material via a laser optical system and the light re-emitted by the material is guided to a first detector arrangement which measures the intensity of the light and behind which there is connected an evaluation circuit for controlling the laser power or energy. The energy fed to the material via the laser optical system is measured, and the detector arrangement supplies to the evaluation circuit a display signal which indicates the beginning of the dielectric breakdown. The evaluation circuit reduces the power of the laser and/or interrupts the laser pulse if no display signal has as yet occurred at a predetermined time at which a predetermined energy was fed to the material.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP92 / 00951 Sec。 371日期1994年1月31日 102（e）日期1994年1月31日PCT提交1992年4月30日PCT公布。 出版物WO92 / 19415 PCT 日期：1992年11月12日。在使用激光检测待加工材料的材料加工方法中，激光通过激光光学系统被引导到材料上，由材料重新发射的光被引导 涉及第一检测器装置，其测量光的强度并且在其后面连接有用于控制激光功率或能量的评估电路。 测量通过激光光学系统馈送到材料的能量，并且检测器装置向评估电路提供指示电介质击穿开始的显示信号。 如果在预定能量被馈送到材料的预定时间内没有显示信号，则评估电路降低激光器的功率和/或中断激光脉冲。

公开(公告)号：US20140228815A1

公开(公告)日：2014-08-14

申请号：US14247175

申请日：2014-04-07

申请人： Ulrich Haag ,  Ralf Engelhardt

发明人： Ulrich Haag ,  Ralf Engelhardt

IPC分类号： A61M39/10

摘要： The present invention relates to a connector system for use in connecting conduits together, such as those used with an extracorporeal blood circulation system. The system has a male and female connector and a seal. The seal is operatively associated with the male and female connectors and forms a fluid tight connection between the male and female connectors. An inner surface of the seal and the inner surfaces of the first and second coupling ends form a continuous and smooth transitional surface.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于将管道连接在一起的连接器系统，例如与体外血液循环系统一起使用的连接器系统。 该系统具有公和母连接器和密封件。 密封件与阳连接器和阴连接器可操作地相关联并且在阳连接器和阴连接器之间形成流体密封连接。 密封件的内表面和第一和第二联接端的内表面形成连续且平滑的过渡表面。

公开(公告)号：US20110001926A1

公开(公告)日：2011-01-06

申请号：US12446433

申请日：2007-09-19

申请人： Dieter Mann ,  Hans Hoerauf ,  Christian Winter ,  Ralf Engelhardt

发明人： Dieter Mann ,  Hans Hoerauf ,  Christian Winter ,  Ralf Engelhardt

IPC分类号： G02B6/32 ,  A61B3/10

CPC分类号： A61B5/0073 ,  A61B3/102 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B2562/146 ,  A61F9/00781 ,  A61F9/008 ,  A61F9/00821 ,  A61F2009/00851 ,  A61F2009/00868

摘要： A device for a therapeutic treatment of the eye by means of a laser is provided, which allows a real-time monitoring of the treatment. In particular, the laser light is supplied to the treatment region via a fibre. The monitoring of the treatment happens by means of optical coherence tomography (OCT). To this end the OCT measurement beam and the treatment laser light are coupled in a probe that is put onto the eye and allows to focus the OCT measurement beam on the tissue region inside of the eye that is treated at that moment.

摘要翻译： 提供了通过激光治疗眼睛的装置，其允许对治疗的实时监测。 特别地，激光通过光纤供给到处理区域。 通过光学相干断层扫描（OCT）进行治疗的监测。 为此，OCT测量光束和治疗激光被耦合在放置在眼睛上的探针中，并且允许将OCT测量光束聚焦在该时刻被处理的眼睛内部的组织区域上。