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    Method and system for determining an optimum pumping schedule corresponding to an optimum return on investment when fracturing a formation penetrated by a wellbore
    9.
    发明申请
    Method and system for determining an optimum pumping schedule corresponding to an optimum return on investment when fracturing a formation penetrated by a wellbore 审中-公开
    用于确定在压裂由井眼穿透的地层时对应于最佳投资回报率的最佳泵送调度的方法和系统

    公开(公告)号：US20050115711A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-06-02

    申请号：US10708032

    申请日：2004-02-04

    申请人： Michael Williams ,  Darren Rodgers ,  Eduard Siebrits ,  Mark Mack

    发明人： Michael Williams ,  Darren Rodgers ,  Eduard Siebrits ,  Mark Mack

    IPC分类号： E21B41/00 ,  E21B43/267 ,  E21B43/26

    CPC分类号： E21B43/267

    摘要： A new method for determining a pumping schedule that will produce an acceptable return on investment for a particular well includes selecting a pumping schedule, which includes an initial pumping schedule and a remaining pumping schedule, adapted for fracturing a formation around one or more perforations in the particular well. Using the initial pumping schedule, interrogate a pump data model to produce a set of fracture characteristics. A set of tiltmeter sensors and micro-seismic sensors placed adjacent the fracture in the formation will also generate a set of fracture characteristics. If the set of fracture characteristics originating from the pump data model do not substantially match the set of fracture characteristics originating from the tiltmeter sensors and the micro-seismic sensors, the pump data model must be calibrated. When the pump data model is calibrated, use the remaining pumping schedule to interrogate the calibrated pump data model thereby producing a production rate and a return on investment corresponding to the production rate. If the return on investment is not an “optimum” return on investment, change either the proportions of frac fluid and proppant in the remaining pumping schedule or the viscosity of the fluid or the injection rate until a new remaining pumping schedule is determined. When the new remaining pumping schedule interrogates the calibrated pump data model, hopefully an “optimum” production rate and an “optimum” return on investment will be determined for the particular well. The owner of the particular well or other field engineers or other decision-making personnel will then consider the “optimum” return on investment before using the remaining pumping schedule to continue fracturing the formation around the perforations in the wellbore.

    摘要翻译： 用于确定将为特定井产生可接受的投资回报的泵送进度的新方法包括选择泵送进度，其包括初始泵送进度和剩余泵送进度，适用于在地层中的一个或多个穿孔上压裂地层 特别好 使用初始泵送方案，询问泵数据模型以产生一组断裂特征。 邻近地层裂缝放置的一组倾斜仪传感器和微地震传感器也将产生一组断裂特征。 如果来自泵数据模型的断裂特征的集合基本上不匹配源自倾斜仪传感器和微地震传感器的断裂特征的集合，则必须校准泵数据模型。 当泵数据模型被校准时，使用剩余的泵送时间表来询问校准的泵数据模型，从而产生对应于生产率的生产率和投资回报率。 如果投资回报率不是“最佳”投资回报率，则可以在剩余的排水进度表中改变压裂流体和支撑剂的比例，或者改变流体的粘度或注入速率，直到确定新的剩余排放方案。 当新的剩余抽水计划询问校准的泵数据模型时，希望为特定井确定“最佳”生产率和“最佳”投资回报。 那么特定井或其他现场工程师或其他决策人员的所有者将在使用剩余的排水方案之前，继续考虑“最佳”的投资回报率，以继续在井筒的穿孔周围压裂地层。

    Zwitterionic metallocycles
    10.
    发明申请
    Zwitterionic metallocycles 有权
    两性离子金属循环

    公开(公告)号：US20050070728A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-03-31

    申请号：US10673896

    申请日：2003-09-29

    申请人： Sandor Nagy ,  Mark Mack

    发明人： Sandor Nagy ,  Mark Mack

    IPC分类号： C07F15/04 ,  C08F4/70 ,  C08F10/00 ,  C08F110/02 ,  C07F9/00 ,  C07F13/00 ,  C07F17/00

    CPC分类号： C07F15/04 ,  C08F110/02 ,  C08F4/7006

    摘要： A new class of zwitterionic metallocycles is disclosed. A positively charged Group 4-10 transition metal is chelated to two heteroatoms and one of the heteroatoms has a substituent bearing a negative charge. We have found that substitution in this position stabilizes the zwitterion form of the metallocycle. The zwitterionic metallocycle is useful for olefin polymerizations.

    摘要翻译： 公开了一类新的两性离子金属摩尔。 带正电的4-10族过渡金属螯合成两个杂原子，其中一个杂原子具有负电荷的取代基。 我们发现在这个位置上的取代稳定了金属摩尔的两性离子形式。 两性离子金属摩尔可用于烯烃聚合。