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    Decontamination of fluids or objects contaminated with chemical or biological agents using a distributed plasma reactor
    2.
    发明授权
    Decontamination of fluids or objects contaminated with chemical or biological agents using a distributed plasma reactor 失效
    使用分布式等离子体反应器对被化学或生物制剂污染的流体或物体进行去污

    公开(公告)号：US06455014B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-09-24

    申请号：US09311944

    申请日：1999-05-14

    申请人： Donald J. Hammerstrom ,  Joseph G. Birmingham ,  James S. Millar

    发明人： Donald J. Hammerstrom ,  Joseph G. Birmingham ,  James S. Millar

    IPC分类号： B01J1908

    CPC分类号： A62D3/19 ,  A61L2/14 ,  A61L9/22 ,  A62D2101/02 ,  A62D2101/04 ,  A62D2203/10 ,  B01D53/32 ,  B01J19/088 ,  B01J2219/0809 ,  B01J2219/0813 ,  B01J2219/0828 ,  B01J2219/083 ,  B01J2219/0835 ,  B01J2219/0849 ,  B01J2219/0873 ,  B01J2219/0896 ,  B09C1/06 ,  C02F1/78 ,  C02F2201/782 ,  H05H1/2406 ,  H05H1/48 ,  H05H2001/2468 ,  H05H2001/483

    摘要： Apparatus for using a non-thermal plasma or corona discharge generated at multiple points and distributed to decontaminate surfaces and objects contaminated with chemical or biological agents. The corona discharge can be generated using very short high voltage pulses (pulsed discharge) produced by a Tesla coil. The pulsed corona discharge can be directed at a contaminated surface through the unbraided strands at an end of a dielectric covered conductor. Another pulsed discharge embodiment incorporates a primary coil surrounding a chamber having a void filled with a plurality of secondary coils. A silent corona discharge can be generated using a variety of different configurations of a dielectric coated electrode and a bare electrode. The silent discharge is produced at all intersections between the dielectric covered electrode and the bare electrode. The bare electrode can be woven with the dielectric covered electrode or can be coiled helically around, or plated onto, the dielectric covered electrode. In one embodiment, the bare electrode is formed as a sheet through which the dielectric coated electrodes pass. In another embodiment, the bare electrode is formed in accordion pleats, and a plurality of dielectric covered electrodes pass through each pleat. Alternatively, the bare electrodes and dielectric covered electrodes can be woven into a loose mesh. In one embodiment the apparatus comprises a blanket-like structure that is useful for decontaminating a surfaces or decontaminating a fluid passing between spaced-apart bare electrodes. In another embodiment the bare electrodes define an internal treatment volume through which a contaminated fluid flows.

    摘要翻译： 用于使用在多个点产生的非热等离子体或电晕放电并分布以净化由化学或生物试剂污染的表面和物体的装置。 可以使用由特斯拉线圈产生的非常短的高电压脉冲（脉冲放电）来产生电晕放电。 脉冲电晕放电可以在电介质覆盖的导体的端部处通过未支撑的股线被引导到污染的表面。 另一个脉冲放电实施例包括围绕具有填充有多个次级线圈的空隙的室的初级线圈。 可以使用介电涂覆电极和裸电极的各种不同配置产生无声电晕放电。 在介电覆盖电极和裸电极之间的所有交点处产生静音放电。 裸电极可以用电介质覆盖的电极编织，或者可以螺旋地卷绕在电介质被覆电极周围或电镀在电介质被覆电极上。 在一个实施例中，裸电极形成为电介质被覆电极通过的片。 在另一个实施例中，裸电极以双折叠形式形成，并且多个介电覆盖的电极穿过每个褶。 或者，裸电极和介电覆盖的电极可以编织成松散的网状物。 在一个实施例中，该装置包括毯状结构，其可用于净化表面或净化通过间隔开的裸露电极之间的流体。 在另一个实施例中，裸电极限定了被污染流体流过的内部处理容积。

    Impact particulate collector using a rotary impeller for collecting particulates and moving a fluid
    4.
    发明授权
    Impact particulate collector using a rotary impeller for collecting particulates and moving a fluid 有权
    冲击式微粒收集器采用旋转叶轮收集微粒并移动流体

    公开(公告)号：US06267016B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-07-31

    申请号：US09265619

    申请日：1999-03-10

    申请人： Patrick T. Call ,  Vanessa M. Kenning ,  Charles Call ,  Joseph G. Birmingham ,  Donald J. Hammerstrom

    发明人： Patrick T. Call ,  Vanessa M. Kenning ,  Charles Call ,  Joseph G. Birmingham ,  Donald J. Hammerstrom

    IPC分类号： G01N3120

    CPC分类号： G01N1/2273 ,  G01N1/2208 ,  G01N1/24 ,  G01N2001/245

    摘要： A particle collector includes a combined impact collector and fan, which is usable for both drawing air or other gaseous fluid in which particulates are entrained into a cavity, and then separating the particulates from the gaseous fluid by providing a rotating surface that impacts the particulates. The particulates also impact on other surfaces within the cavity, including its inner surface, and are washed from these surfaces, which are wetted with water or other liquid injected into the cavity. The cavity is defined by a housing having an inlet port through which the air or other gaseous fluid is drawn. The combined impact collector and fan includes a plate on which a plurality of spaced-apart impeller vanes are disposed. The shape of the impeller vanes produces a centrifugal fan effect when they are rotated within the cavity. The water or other liquid is either continuously or intermittently injected into the cavity to wash the particulates from the impeller vanes and other surfaces on which they have impacted. The particulates are carried by the liquid through a threaded drain port, into a receiver that includes an exhaust port for the air or gaseous fluid. A pump recirculates the liquid from the receiver through a conduit that sprays the liquid into the cavity through the inlet port. The particulates collected in the receiver provide a specimen that can be analyzed to detect or identify the particulates that were entrained in the air or other gaseous fluid.

    摘要翻译： 颗粒收集器包括组合的冲击收集器和风扇，其可用于将空气或其它气体流体抽吸到其中，其中颗粒被夹带到空腔中，然后通过提供影响颗粒的旋转表面将颗粒与气态流体分离。 颗粒也影响腔体内的其他表面，包括其内表面，并从这些表面洗涤，这些表面被注入空腔的水或其他液体润湿。 空腔由具有入口的壳体限定，空气或其它气态流体通过该入口吸入。 组合的冲击收集器和风扇包括其上设置有多个间隔开的叶轮叶片的板。 当叶轮叶片在空腔内旋转时，叶轮叶片的形状产生离心风扇效应。 水或其他液体连续地或间歇地注入空腔中以从叶轮叶片和其所撞击的其它表面洗涤微粒。 颗粒由液体通过螺纹排放口承载到包括用于空气或气体流体的排气口的接收器中。 泵将来自接收器的液体通过导管将液体通过入口喷射到空腔中。 收集在接收器中的颗粒提供可以分析以检测或识别被夹带在空气或其它气态流体中的颗粒的样品。

    Apparatus and method for lysing bacterial spores to facilitate their identification
    5.
    发明授权
    Apparatus and method for lysing bacterial spores to facilitate their identification 有权
    用于裂解细菌孢子以便于鉴定的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号：US5989824A

    公开(公告)日：1999-11-23

    申请号：US186304

    申请日：1998-11-04

    申请人： Joseph G. Birmingham ,  Donald J. Hammerstrom

    发明人： Joseph G. Birmingham ,  Donald J. Hammerstrom

    IPC分类号： C12N1/06 ,  C12N13/00 ,  C12Q1/68 ,  G01N1/22 ,  G01N1/28

    CPC分类号： C12N1/06 ,  C12N13/00 ,  C12Q1/6806 ,  G01N1/2202 ,  G01N1/286 ,  A61N1/44 ,  G01N2001/2223

    摘要： Bacteria cells and/or spores are collected and concentrated to form a specimen that is lysed using an ionized fluid to facilitate identification of the bacterial cells or spores by tests performed on the DNA and RNA contained therein. An impact collector is preferably used for separating the spores and cells from an air sample that is drawn through an input port of a portable housing. The resulting specimen is then exposed to an ionizing discharge that ruptures the surface membrane of the bacterial cells or spores. The ionizing discharge can be produced by a Tesla coil or other potential transformer that is electrically energized to produce an ionization potential, which is applied to an electrode, or to produce a corona glow discharge spread over a relatively larger surface of a plate-type electrode. Alternatively, air or another gaseous fluid in proximity to the electrode may be ionized by the ionizing potential or discharge from the electrode, forming an ionized fluid that is applied to the specimen. The surface membranes of the cells and/or spores are ruptured or cleaved by the ionizing discharge, exposing the nuclear DNA and RNA material contained therein. The lysed bacterial spores and/or cells are then processed by a cell RNA/DNA identifier, which uses a time of flight mass spectrometer or other assaying device to determine the types of spores and/or cells comprising the specimen. One preferred embodiment of the apparatus is housed in a portable housing and preferably includes a battery powered power supply, so that the apparatus is readily carried about in an adverse environment such as a battlefield to facilitate identification of bacteriological warfare agents.

    摘要翻译： 收集细菌细胞和/或孢子并浓缩以形成使用离子化流体裂解的样品，以通过对其中所含的DNA和RNA进行的测试来促进细菌细胞或孢子的鉴定。 冲击收集器优选用于从通过便携式外壳的输入端口抽取的空气样品中分离出孢子和细胞。 然后将所得样品暴露于使细菌细胞或孢子的表面膜破裂的电离放电。 电离放电可以由特斯拉线圈或其他电位变压器产生，该电压变压器被电通电以产生施加到电极上的电离电位，或者产生在平板型电极的较大表面上扩散的电晕辉光放电 。 或者，靠近电极的空气或另一种气体流体可以通过电离电离或从电极排出，形成施加到样品上的电离流体。 细胞和/或孢子的表面膜被电离放电破裂或切割，暴露其中所含的核DNA和RNA材料。 裂解的细菌孢子和/或细胞然后通过使用飞行时间质谱仪或其他测定装置的细胞RNA / DNA标识符进行处理，以确定包含样品的孢子和/或细胞的类型。 该装置的一个优选实施例被容纳在便携式壳体中，并且优选地包括电池供电的电源，使得该装置容易地在诸如战场的不利环境中携带以便于识别细菌战剂。

    MONITORING AND CONTROLLING THE STATUS OF FREQUENCY-MANAGED ELECTRIC DEVICES FROM FREQUENCY HISTORY
    6.
    发明申请
    MONITORING AND CONTROLLING THE STATUS OF FREQUENCY-MANAGED ELECTRIC DEVICES FROM FREQUENCY HISTORY 审中-公开

    公开(公告)号：US20200349657A1

    公开(公告)日：2020-11-05

    申请号：US16863272

    申请日：2020-04-30

    申请人： Donald J. Hammerstrom

    发明人： Donald J. Hammerstrom

    IPC分类号： G06Q50/06 ,  H02J3/14 ,  G06Q30/02

    摘要： Apparatus comprise control circuitry configured to control a line frequency of a microgrid by directing a first set of one or more electrical devices coupled to the microgrid to produce a change in the line frequency through a change in operation of the first set, such that a second set of one or more electrical devices coupled to the microgrid adjusts operation in response to a detected line frequency changeably produced by the first set. Related methods and additional apparatus and methods are disclosed. Apparatus and methods are disclosed that use line frequency and/or line voltage. Apparatus and methods are also disclosed that use control history.

    Multiple DC, single AC converter with a switched DC transformer
    9.
    发明授权
    Multiple DC, single AC converter with a switched DC transformer 失效
    具有开关式直流变压器的多直流单AC转换器

    公开(公告)号：US5631820A

    公开(公告)日：1997-05-20

    申请号：US525869

    申请日：1995-09-08

    申请人： Matthew K. Donnelly ,  Donald J. Hammerstrom

    发明人： Matthew K. Donnelly ,  Donald J. Hammerstrom

    IPC分类号： H02M7/48 ,  H02M7/49 ,  H02M7/757 ,  H02M7/515

    CPC分类号： H02M7/49 ,  H02M7/7575 ,  Y02E60/60

    摘要： The invention is an improvement of the PASC inverter, wherein the improvements include the reduction from two shorting gates per transformer to one shorting gate per transformer and replacement of active control of the shorting gate with passive control of the shorting gate. Further advantages are obtained through the use of anti-parallel gate sets.

    摘要翻译： 本发明是PASC逆变器的改进，其中的改进包括从每个变压器的两个短路门到每个变压器的一个短路门的减少，以及通过短路门的被动控制替换短路门的主动控制。 通过使用反并联门极组获得进一步的优点。

    Thermal Energy Storage Apparatus, Controllers And Thermal Energy Storage Control Methods
    10.
    发明申请
    Thermal Energy Storage Apparatus, Controllers And Thermal Energy Storage Control Methods 有权
    热能储存装置，控制器和热能储存控制方法

    公开(公告)号：US20110147360A1

    公开(公告)日：2011-06-23

    申请号：US12895658

    申请日：2010-09-30

    申请人： Donald J. Hammerstrom

    发明人： Donald J. Hammerstrom

    IPC分类号： H05B3/00

    CPC分类号： G05D23/1923 ,  F28D20/0034 ,  H02J3/28 ,  H02J3/383 ,  H02J3/386 ,  H02J9/06 ,  H05B1/0227 ,  Y02P80/11

    摘要： Thermal energy storage apparatus, controllers and thermal energy storage control methods are described. According to one aspect, a thermal energy storage apparatus controller includes processing circuitry configured to access first information which is indicative of surpluses and deficiencies of electrical energy upon an electrical power system at a plurality of moments in time, access second information which is indicative of temperature of a thermal energy storage medium at a plurality of moments in time, and use the first and second information to control an amount of electrical energy which is utilized by a heating element to heat the thermal energy storage medium at a plurality of moments in time.

    摘要翻译： 描述了热能储存装置，控制器和热能存储控制方法。 根据一个方面，一种热能存储装置控制器包括处理电路，其被配置为在多个时刻在电力系统上访问指示电能的过剩和不足的第一信息，访问指示温度的第二信息 的多个时刻的热能存储介质，并且使用第一和第二信息来控制加热元件利用的电能量，以在多个时刻加热热能存储介质。