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    Shape memory polymer (SMP) gripper with a release sensing system
    1.
    发明授权
    Shape memory polymer (SMP) gripper with a release sensing system 失效
    形状记忆聚合物（SMP）夹具与释放感应系统

    公开(公告)号：US6102917A

    公开(公告)日：2000-08-15

    申请号：US116019

    申请日：1998-07-15

    申请人： Duncan J. Maitland ,  Abraham P. Lee ,  Daniel L. Schumann ,  Luiz Da Silva

    发明人： Duncan J. Maitland ,  Abraham P. Lee ,  Daniel L. Schumann ,  Luiz Da Silva

    IPC分类号： B25J7/00 ,  A61B17/00 ,  A61B17/12 ,  A61B17/28 ,  A61B19/00 ,  B81B7/02 ,  A61F11/00

    CPC分类号： A61B17/1214 ,  A61B17/12022 ,  A61B2017/00022 ,  A61B2017/00398 ,  A61B2017/00867 ,  A61B2017/00871 ,  A61B2017/1205 ,  A61B2017/12072

    摘要： A system for releasing a target material, such as an embolic coil from an SMP located at the end of a catheter utilizing an optical arrangement for releasing the material. The system includes a laser, laser driver, display panel, photodetector, fiber optics coupler, fiber optics and connectors, a catheter, and an SMP-based gripper, and includes a release sensing and feedback arrangement. The SMP-based gripper is heated via laser light through an optic fiber causing the gripper to release a target material (e.g., embolic coil for therapeutic treatment of aneurysms). Various embodiments are provided for coupling the laser light into the SMP, which includes specific positioning of the coils, removal of the fiber cladding adjacent the coil, a metal coating on the SMP, doping the SMP with a gradient absorbing dye, tapering the fiber optic end, coating the SMP with low refractive index material, and locating an insert between the fiber optic and the coil.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于从位于导管端部的SMP释放目标材料（例如栓塞线圈）的系统，其利用用于释放材料的光学装置。 该系统包括激光，激光驱动器，显示面板，光电检测器，光纤耦合器，光纤和连接器，导管和基于SMP的夹持器，并且包括释放感测和反馈装置。 基于SMP的夹持器通过光纤通过光纤被加热，使得夹具释放靶材料（例如用于治疗动脉瘤的栓塞线圈）。 提供了用于将激光耦合到SMP中的各种实施例，其包括线圈的特定定位，邻近线圈的光纤包层的移除，SMP上的金属涂层，用梯度吸收染料掺杂SMP，使光纤 以低折射率材料涂覆SMP，并将插入物定位在光纤和线圈之间。

    Microfabricated therapeutic actuators and release mechanisms therefor
    2.
    发明授权
    Microfabricated therapeutic actuators and release mechanisms therefor 失效
    微型治疗执行器及其释放机制

    公开(公告)号：US6059815A

    公开(公告)日：2000-05-09

    申请号：US67824

    申请日：1998-04-28

    申请人： Abraham P. Lee ,  Joseph P. Fitch ,  Daniel L. Schumann ,  Luiz Da Silva ,  William J. Benett ,  Peter A. Krulevitch

    发明人： Abraham P. Lee ,  Joseph P. Fitch ,  Daniel L. Schumann ,  Luiz Da Silva ,  William J. Benett ,  Peter A. Krulevitch

    IPC分类号： A61B17/00 ,  A61B17/12 ,  A61M25/16 ,  A61B17/28

    CPC分类号： A61B17/1214 ,  A61B17/12022 ,  A61B2017/00867 ,  A61B2017/00871 ,  A61B2017/12068 ,  A61B2017/12077

    摘要： Microfabricated therapeutic actuators are fabricated using a shape memory polymer (SMP), a polyurethane-based material that undergoes a phase transformation at a specified temperature (Tg). At a temperature above temperature Tg material is soft and can be easily reshaped into another configuration. As the temperature is lowered below temperature Tg the new shape is fixed and locked in as long as the material stays below temperature Tg. Upon reheating the material to a temperature above Tg, the material will return to its original shape. By the use of such SMP material, SMP microtubing can be used as a retaining/release actuator for the delivery of material, such as embolic coils, for example, through catheters into aneurysms, for example. The microtubing can be manufactured in various sizes and the phase change temperature Tg is determinate for an intended temperature target and intended use. The SMP microtubing can be positioned around or within an end of a deposit material. Various heating arrangements can be utilized with the SMP release mechanism, and the SMP microtubing can include a metallic coating for enhanced light absorption.

    摘要翻译： 使用形状记忆聚合物（SMP），在特定温度（Tg）下经历相变的基于聚氨酯的材料制造微制剂治疗致动器。 在高于温度的温度下，Tg材料是柔软的并且可以容易地重塑成另一种构型。 当温度降低到温度Tg以下时，只要材料保持低于温度Tg，新形状就会被固定和锁定。 将材料重新加热至高于Tg的温度时，材料将恢复到原来的形状。 通过使用这种SMP材料，SMP微管可用作用于例如通过导管穿入动脉瘤等物质输送的保持/释放致动器。 微管可以以各种尺寸制造，相变温度Tg对于预期的温度目标和预期用途是确定的。 SMP微管可以定位在沉积材料的周围或内部。 SMP释放机构可以使用各种加热装置，并且SMP微管可以包括用于增强光吸收的金属涂层。

    Optically generated ultrasound for enhanced drug delivery
    5.
    发明授权
    Optically generated ultrasound for enhanced drug delivery 失效
    光学产生的超声波用于增强药物输送

    公开(公告)号：US06484052B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-11-19

    申请号：US09281371

    申请日：1999-03-30

    申请人： Steven R. Visuri ,  Heather L. Campbell ,  Luiz Da Silva

    发明人： Steven R. Visuri ,  Heather L. Campbell ,  Luiz Da Silva

    IPC分类号： A61N130

    CPC分类号： A61M37/0092 ,  A61B2018/263 ,  A61M2037/0007

    摘要： High frequency acoustic waves, analogous to ultrasound, can enhance the delivery of therapeutic compounds into cells. The compounds delivered may be chemotherapeutic drugs, antibiotics, photodynamic drugs or gene therapies. The therapeutic compounds are administered systemically, or preferably locally to the targeted site. Local delivery can be accomplished through a needle, cannula, or through a variety of vascular catheters, depending on the location of routes of access. To enhance the systemic or local delivery of the therapeutic compounds, high frequency acoustic waves are generated locally near the target site, and preferably near the site of compound administration. The acoustic waves are produced via laser radiation interaction with an absorbing media and can be produced via thermoelastic expansion, thermodynamic vaporization, material ablation, or plasma formation. Acoustic waves have the effect of temporarily permeabilizing the membranes of local cells, increasing the diffusion of the therapeutic compound into the cells, allowing for decreased total body dosages, decreased side effects, and enabling new therapies.

    摘要翻译： 类似于超声的高频声波可以增强治疗性化合物递送到细胞中。 所递送的化合物可以是化疗药物，抗生素，光动力药物或基因疗法。 治疗性化合物系统地或优选局部施用于靶向部位。 取决于进入路线的位置，可以通过针头，插管或通过各种血管导管实现局部输送。 为了增强治疗化合物的全身或局部递送，在靶位点局部产生高频声波，优选在化合物给药部位附近产生高频声波。 声波通过与吸收介质的激光辐射相互作用产生，并且可以通过热弹性膨胀，热力学蒸发，材料消融或等离子体形成来产生。 声波具有临时透化局部细胞膜的作用，增加治疗化合物向细胞的扩散，允许减少全身剂量，减少副作用，并使新疗法成为可能。

    Optical fiber head for providing lateral viewing
    6.
    发明授权
    Optical fiber head for providing lateral viewing 有权

    公开(公告)号：US06466713B2

    公开(公告)日：2002-10-15

    申请号：US09883513

    申请日：2001-06-18

    申请人： Matthew J. Everett ,  Billy W. Colston ,  Dale L. James ,  Steve Brown ,  Luiz Da Silva

    发明人： Matthew J. Everett ,  Billy W. Colston ,  Dale L. James ,  Steve Brown ,  Luiz Da Silva

    IPC分类号： G02B626

    CPC分类号： G02B6/241 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  G02B6/262

    摘要： The head of an optical fiber comprising the sensing probe of an optical heterodyne sensing device includes a planar surface that intersects the perpendicular to axial centerline of the fiber at a polishing angle &thgr;. The planar surface is coated with a reflective material so that light traveling axially through the fiber is reflected transverse to the fiber's axial centerline, and is emitted laterally through the side of the fiber. Alternatively, the planar surface can be left uncoated. The polishing angle &thgr; must be no greater than 39° or must be at least 51°. The emitted light is reflected from adjacent biological tissue, collected by the head, and then processed to provide real-time images of the tissue. The method for forming the planar surface includes shearing the end of the optical fiber and applying the reflective material before removing the buffer that circumscribes the cladding and the core.

    Opto-acoustic transducer for medical applications
    7.
    发明授权
    Opto-acoustic transducer for medical applications 失效
    用于医疗应用的光学传感器

    公开(公告)号：US06379325B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-04-30

    申请号：US09350494

    申请日：1999-07-09

    申请人： William Benett ,  Peter Celliers ,  Luiz Da Silva ,  Michael Glinsky ,  Richard London ,  Duncan Maitland ,  Dennis Matthews ,  Peter Krulevich ,  Abraham Lee

    发明人： William Benett ,  Peter Celliers ,  Luiz Da Silva ,  Michael Glinsky ,  Richard London ,  Duncan Maitland ,  Dennis Matthews ,  Peter Krulevich ,  Abraham Lee

    IPC分类号： A61B1720

    CPC分类号： A61B18/26 ,  A61B17/2202 ,  A61B2017/00106 ,  A61B2017/22084 ,  A61B2090/378

    摘要： This invention is an optically activated transducer for generating acoustic vibrations in a biological medium. The transducer is located at the end of a fiber optic which may be located within a catheter. Energy for operating the transducer is provided optically by laser light transmitted through the fiber optic to the transducer. Pulsed laser light is absorbed in the working fluid of the transducer to generate a thermal pressure and consequent adiabatic expansion of the transducer head such that it does work against the ambient medium. The transducer returns to its original state by a process of thermal cooling. The motion of the transducer within the ambient medium couples acoustic energy into the medium. By pulsing the laser at a high repetition rate (which may vary from CW to 100 kHz) an ultrasonic radiation field can be established locally in the medium. This method of producing ultrasonic vibrations can be used in vivo for the treatment of stroke-related conditions in humans, particularly for dissolving thrombus. The catheter may also incorporate anti-thrombolytic drug treatments as an adjunct therapy and it may be operated in conjunction with ultrasonic detection equipment for imaging and feedback control.

    摘要翻译： 本发明是用于在生物介质中产生声振动的光学激活换能器。 传感器位于可以位于导管内的光纤的端部。 用于操作换能器的能量由通过光纤传输到换能器的激光光学地提供。 脉冲激光被吸收在换能器的工作流体中，以产生热压力并随之导致换能器头部的绝热膨胀，使其对环境介质起作用。 传感器通过热冷却过程返回到其原始状态。 传感器在环境介质中的运动将声能耦合到介质中。 通过以高重复率脉冲激光（其可以从CW变化到100kHz），可以在介质中局部地建立超声辐射场。 这种生产超声波振动的方法可以在体内用于治疗人类中风相关病症，特别是用于溶解血栓。 导管还可以掺入抗血栓溶解药物治疗作为辅助治疗，并且其可以与用于成像和反馈控制的超声波检测设备结合操作。

    Tissue thickness measurement device
    9.
    发明申请
    Tissue thickness measurement device 审中-公开
    组织厚度测量装置

    公开(公告)号：US20060184024A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-08-17

    申请号：US11302039

    申请日：2005-12-12

    申请人： Luiz Da Silva ,  George Choi ,  Igor Kochemasov

    发明人： Luiz Da Silva ,  George Choi ,  Igor Kochemasov

    IPC分类号： A61B8/00

    CPC分类号： A61B8/0858 ,  A61B8/4281

    摘要： A device is described that can be easily used to accurately measure and monitor tissue thickness using ultrasound. The device comprises a remote control and data processing unit, a handheld ultrasound transducer, a display monitor and means for effectively coupling ultrasound to tissue.

    摘要翻译： 描述了可以容易地使用超声波来精确地测量和监测组织厚度的装置。 该装置包括遥控和数据处理单元，手持超声波换能器，显示监视器和用于有效地将超声波耦合到组织的装置。

    Multisensor probe for tissue identification
    10.
    发明申请
    Multisensor probe for tissue identification 审中-公开
    用于组织鉴定的多传感器探针

    公开(公告)号：US20050261568A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-11-24

    申请号：US11139904

    申请日：2005-05-26

    申请人： Richard Hular ,  Luiz Da Silva ,  Charles Chase

    发明人： Richard Hular ,  Luiz Da Silva ,  Charles Chase

    IPC分类号： G01N21/17 ,  A61B5/00 ,  A61B5/01 ,  A61B5/05 ,  A61B5/145 ,  A61B5/1459 ,  A61B10/00 ,  A61B17/00 ,  A61B19/00 ,  G01N21/27

    CPC分类号： A61B5/6848 ,  A61B5/0066 ,  A61B5/0071 ,  A61B5/0075 ,  A61B5/0084 ,  A61B5/061 ,  A61B5/145 ,  A61B5/6885 ,  A61B2017/00796 ,  A61B2090/062 ,  A61B2562/0242

    摘要： A multisensor probe for continuous real-time tissue identification. The multisensor probe includes a tissue penetrating needle, a plurality of sensors useful in characterizing tissue and a position sensor to measure the depth of the needle into the tissue being diagnosed. The sensors include but are not limited to an optical scattering and absorption spectroscopy sensor, an optical coherence domain reflectometry sensor, an electrical impedance sensor, a temperature sensor, a pO2 sensor, a chemical sensor and other sensors useful in identifying tissue. The sensors may take the form of a plurality of optical fibers extending through said needle. A retractable sheath may be disposed around the distal section of the needle to protect the needle when not in use. The sheath retracts when the probe is inserted into tissue and the position of the sheath relative to the needle may be measured to determine the needle's depth. Systems and methods for tissue identification are also provided.

    摘要翻译： 用于连续实时组织鉴定的多传感器探头。 多传感器探针包括组织穿刺针，用于表征组织的多个传感器和位置传感器，以测量针进入被诊断的组织的深度。 这些传感器包括但不限于光学散射和吸收光谱传感器，光学相干畴反射测量传感器，电阻抗传感器，温度传感器，pO 2传感器，化学传感器和其它传感器 用于鉴定组织。 传感器可以采用延伸穿过所述针的多根光纤的形式。 可伸缩护套可以设置在针的远端部分周围，以在不使用时保护针头。 当探头插入组织中时，护套缩回，并且可以测量护套相对于针的位置以确定针的深度。 还提供了用于组织鉴定的系统和方法。