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    Polyamide and film made from at least one monomolecular layer of a polyamide
    1.
    发明授权
    Polyamide and film made from at least one monomolecular layer of a polyamide 失效
    聚酰胺和薄膜从一个单一分子层聚酰胺制成

    公开(公告)号：US5166307A

    公开(公告)日：1992-11-24

    申请号：US402863

    申请日：1989-09-05

    申请人： Harald Cherdron ,  Werner Prass ,  Ude Scheunemann ,  Donald Lupo

    发明人： Harald Cherdron ,  Werner Prass ,  Ude Scheunemann ,  Donald Lupo

    IPC分类号： B05D1/20 ,  B32B27/34 ,  C08G69/26 ,  C08J5/18

    CPC分类号： B05D1/202 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C08G69/26 ,  Y10T428/265 ,  Y10T428/31725 ,  Y10T428/31728

    摘要： Polyamides of the general formula [N(A)-X-N(B)-CO-Y-CO-].sub.n are described, in which Y denotes a divalent group, X a divalent radical whose chain contains at least two carbon atoms, A and B independently of one another denote H or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.26 alkyl group and n denotes an integer greater than 4. The said polyamides contain at least one alkyl group of C.sub.6 to C.sub.26 per repeating unit. The groups X and/or Y contain at leat one CH.sub.2 group in the chain. The polyamides are prepared by reaction of a diamine of the formula NHA-X-NHB with an about equimolar amount of a reactive derivative of a dicarboxylic acid of the formula COOH-Y-COOH. The polyamides obtained can be used in order to prepare highly ordered monomolecular LB films on a support. For this purpose, the polyamide is dissolved in a volatile organic solvent which is immiscible with water and the solution is spread on the water/air interface. After evaporation of the solvent the layer is compressed and transferred to a solid support by the LB technique. The film is very stable and can be used to prepare optical waveguide systems, filters for optical purposes or protective layers.

    摘要翻译： 描述了通式[N（A）-XN（B）-CO-Y-CO-] n的聚酰胺，其中Y表示二价基团，X是其链含有至少两个碳原子的二价基团，A和 B彼此独立地表示H或C1至C26烷基，n表示大于4的整数。所述聚酰胺每个重复单元含有至少一个C6至C26的烷基。 基团X和/或Y在链中含有一个CH 2基团。 聚酰胺通过式NHA-X-NHB的二胺与约等摩尔量的式COOH -Y-COOH的二羧酸的活性衍生物的反应来制备。 获得的聚酰胺可用于在载体上制备高度有序的单分子LB膜。 为此，将聚酰胺溶解在与水不混溶的挥发性有机溶剂中，并将溶液铺展在水/空气界面上。 溶剂蒸发后，将层压缩并通过LB技术转移至固体支持物。 该膜非常稳定，可用于制备光波导系统，用于光学目的的滤光片或保护层。

    Process and device for producing ultrathin layers and layer element
    4.
    发明授权
    Process and device for producing ultrathin layers and layer element 失效
    用于生产超薄层和层元件的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US5429842A

    公开(公告)日：1995-07-04

    申请号：US108119

    申请日：1993-08-17

    申请人： Gunther Appel ,  Jacqueline Bauer ,  Werner Hickel ,  Donald Lupo ,  Werner Prass ,  Ude Scheunemann

    发明人： Gunther Appel ,  Jacqueline Bauer ,  Werner Hickel ,  Donald Lupo ,  Werner Prass ,  Ude Scheunemann

    IPC分类号： B05C3/09 ,  B05C3/132 ,  B05D1/20 ,  B05C3/02

    CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  B05D1/206 ,  B82Y40/00

    摘要： In order to continuously produce an ultrathin, ordered layer of amphiphilic molecules on the surface of a polar liquid a directed flow of the polar liquid is produced in a duct which contains the amphiphilic molecules in dissolved or undissolved form on the surface in spread form. In the duct, a duct section having a relatively high flow rate on the surface and comprising a ramp which is arranged at the bottom of the duct and washed over by the polar liquid is provided. This is followed by a duct section having a relatively low flow rate on the surface, in which the flow is dammed up at an obstacle at a liquid level constant with time, so that an ultrathin, ordered layer of amphiphilic molecules is continuously formed in these duct sections at the polar liquid/air interface by compression of the flow. The washed over ramp is movable.

    摘要翻译： 为了在极性液体的表面上连续生产超薄有序的两亲分子层，极性液体的定向流在包含以扩散形式的表面上溶解或未溶解的形式的两亲分子的管道中产生。 在管道中，具有在表面上具有相对较高流速的管道部分，并且包括布置在管道底部并被极性液体洗涤的斜面。 其后是在表面上具有相对较低流速的管道部分，其中流动在障碍物处以随时间恒定的液面被阻塞，使得在这些中连续形成两极分子的超薄有序层 通过压缩流体在极性液体/空气界面处的管道部分。 洗过的坡道是可移动的。

    Amphiphilic monomers with mixed-chain structure and polymers and film composed of at least one monomolecular layer thereof
    5.
    发明授权
    Amphiphilic monomers with mixed-chain structure and polymers and film composed of at least one monomolecular layer thereof 失效
    具有混合链结构的聚合单体和聚合物以及至少一个单分子层组成的薄膜

    公开(公告)号：US5120809A

    公开(公告)日：1992-06-09

    申请号：US453669

    申请日：1989-12-20

    申请人： Donald Lupo ,  Werner Prass ,  Ude Scheunemann

    发明人： Donald Lupo ,  Werner Prass ,  Ude Scheunemann

    IPC分类号： B05D1/20 ,  B32B27/30 ,  C07C233/05 ,  C07C233/80 ,  C08F20/34 ,  C08F20/36 ,  C08F20/52 ,  C08F20/60 ,  C08J5/18

    CPC分类号： B05D1/202 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C07C233/05 ,  C08F20/36 ,  C08F20/60

    摘要： Amphiphilic monomers with mixed-chain structures of the formula ##STR1## in which Y denotes --O-- or --NH--X denotes a group of the formula --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- or --(CH.sub.2 --O--CH.sub.2).sub.n --l denotes an integer from 0 to 10,n denotes an integer from 1 to 10,R.sup.1 denotes hydrogen, methyl, chlorine, cyano, fluorine or bromine,R.sup.2 denotes C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.24 -fluoroalkyl andR.sup.3 denotes C.sub.8 -C.sub.24 -alkyl or C.sub.8 -C.sub.24 -fluoralkyl, with the proviso that the groups R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 contain a different number of carbon atoms. The monomers are polymerized on their own or together with other comonomers. The polymers obtained are suitable for the preparation of ultra-thin layers on a suitable layer support.

    摘要翻译： 其中Y表示-O-或-NH- X的式“IMAGE”的具有混合链结构的两亲单体表示式 - （CH 2）n - 或 - （CH 2 -O-CH 2）n - 表示 0至10的整数，n表示1至10的整数，R1表示氢，甲基，氯，氰基，氟或溴，R2表示C1-C24 - 烷基或C1-C24-氟烷基，R3表示C8-C24- 烷基或C 8 -C 24 - 氟烷基，条件是基团R 2和R 3含有不同数目的碳原子。 单体自身或与其它共聚单体一起聚合。 所获得的聚合物适用于在合适的层载体上制备超薄层。

    Composite membranes and processes for their production
    8.
    发明授权
    Composite membranes and processes for their production 失效
    复合膜及其生产工艺

    公开(公告)号：US5658669A

    公开(公告)日：1997-08-19

    申请号：US435496

    申请日：1995-05-05

    申请人： Olaf Althoff ,  Uwe Falk ,  Ude Scheunemann ,  Werner Prass ,  Werner Hickel

    发明人： Olaf Althoff ,  Uwe Falk ,  Ude Scheunemann ,  Werner Prass ,  Werner Hickel

    IPC分类号： B01D53/22 ,  B01D69/12 ,  B01D71/32 ,  B01D71/36 ,  B01D71/38 ,  B05D1/20 ,  B32B5/18 ,  B32B27/00 ,  B32B27/08 ,  B32B27/16 ,  B32B27/30

    CPC分类号： B01D69/122 ,  B01D53/228 ,  B01D71/34 ,  B01D71/76 ,  B01D61/362 ,  B01D71/32 ,  B01D71/38 ,  B01D71/40 ,  Y10T428/3154 ,  Y10T428/31544

    摘要： A composite membrane comprises a porous carrier membrane (A) and a fluorine-containing permselective layer (C) which is a copolymer and has a thickness of 10 to 500 nm. The copolymer of layer (C) comprisesa) 10 to 80 mol % of monomer units of a vinyl ester of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are hydrogen, alkyl radicals, cycloalkyl radicals or aryl radicals, and these radicals together have at least 5 and not more than 30 carbon atoms,b1) 5 to 50 mol % of monomer units of a vinyl alcohol of the formula (II) ##STR2## in which R.sup.4 is the hydroxyl group and up to 10% of the groups R.sup.4 can be replaced by radicals of the formula OCOR.sup.5, in which R.sup.5 is methyl, ethyl or propyl, orb2) 5 to 50 mol % of monomer units of the formula (III) ##STR3## in which R.sup.6 is a straight-chain or branched alkylene radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, andc) at least 10 mol % of a fluoroolefin, the chains containing hydroxyl groups being crosslinked with one another, in particular by multifunctional isocyanates. The membrane can be employed, inter alia, for gas separation and pervaporation.

    摘要翻译： 复合膜包括多孔载体膜（A）和作为共聚物的厚度为10〜500nm的含氟选择渗透层（C）。 层（C）的共聚物包含a）10至80mol％的式（I）的乙烯基酯单体单元（1），其中R 1，R 2和R 3是氢，烷基，环烷基或 芳基，这些基团一起具有至少5个且不多于30个碳原子，b1）5-50mol％的式（II）的乙烯醇的单体单元，其中R 4是 羟基和至多10％的基团R 4可以被式OCOR 5的基团取代，其中R 5是甲基，乙基或丙基，或者b2）5至50摩尔％的式（III）单体单元