摘要:
An electrolytic cation exchange membrane comprises a first film made of a fluorinated polymer having cation exchange groups and a second film laminated thereon, made of a fluorinated polymer having carboxylic acid groups as its ion exchange groups and containing the following repeating units (A), (B) and (C) and having a smaller thickness and greater specific electric resistance than the first film; ##STR1## where each of X and X' is --F, --Cl or --CF.sub.3, R.sub.f is a perfluoroalkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, M is hydrogen or an alkali metal and Y is selected from the group consisting of --CF.sub.2).sub.x, --O--CF.sub.2).sub.x, ##STR2## where each of x and y is an integer of from 0 to 10 and Z is --F or R.sub.f as defined above, provided that B/A+B+C (molar ratio) and C/A+B+C (molar ratio) are from 0.01 to 0.3 and from 0.05 to 0.5, respectively.
摘要翻译:电解阳离子交换膜包括由具有阳离子交换基团的氟化聚合物制成的第一膜和层压在其上的第二膜,由具有羧酸基的氟化聚合物作为其离子交换基团并含有以下重复单元(A),( B)和(C),并且具有比第一膜更小的厚度和更大的比电阻; (C)其中X和X'各自为-F,-Cl或-CF 3,R f为具有1至10个碳原子的全氟烷基,M(C 1 -C 6) 是氢或碱金属,Y选自-CF 2)x,-O-CF 2)x,其中x和y各自为0至10的整数,Z为-F或 只要B / A + B + C(摩尔比)和C / A + B + C(摩尔比)分别为0.01至0.3和0.05至0.5,则定义如上。
摘要:
A cation exchange membrane for electrolysis, which comprises at least 2 layers of fluorine-containing polymer films having sulfonic acid groups, wherein a first layer facing a cathode is made of a three component polymer of the following monomers (A), (B) and (C) and has a thickness of from 50 to 150 .mu.m, and a second layer has a thickness of from 50 to 300 .mu.m: (A) CF.sub.2 =CF(OCF.sub.2 CFCF.sub.3).sub.m O(CF.sub.2).sub.n SO.sub.3 M wherein m=0 or 1, n=1 to 5, and M is hydrogen or an alkali metal, ##STR1## wherein m=0 or 1, and Rf is a C.sub.1-10 perfluoroalkyl group.
摘要:
An ion exchange membrane for electrolysis comprising a first layer of a fluoropolymer having carboxylic acid groups as its ion exchange groups and facing a cathode, a second layer of a fluoropolymer having ion exchange groups, a specific resistance lower than that of the first layer and a thickness of at least 50% of the total thickness of the membrane, and a third layer of a fluoropolymer having ion exchange groups, a swelling degree higher by at least 5% than that of the second layer and a specific resistance lower by at least 30 .OMEGA..cm than that of the second layer, the first, second and third layers being laminated in this order.
摘要:
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor storage device includes providing an opening portion in a plurality of positions in an insulating film formed on a silicon substrate, and thereafter forming an amorphous silicon film on the insulating film, in which the opening portions are formed, and in the opening portions. Then, trenches are formed to divide the amorphous silicon film, in the vicinity of a midpoint between adjacent opening portions, into a portion on one opening portion side and a portion on the other opening portion side. Next, the amorphous silicon film, in which the trenches are formed, is annealed and subjected to solid-phase crystallization to form a single crystal with the opening portions used as seeds, and thereby a silicon single-crystal layer is formed. Then, a memory cell array is formed on the silicon single-crystal layer.
摘要:
A laminate film has a clear layer (B) comprising an acrylic-based polymer (B1) having at least one longer unsaturated double bond group and at least one shorter unsaturated double bond group as side chains, and having a weight-average molecular weight not less than 50,000 but not more than 500,000, the longer unsaturated double bond group introduced in the acrylic-based polymer (B1) by a long-chain unsaturated carboxylic acid having a molecular weight of 150 or more, and the shorter unsaturated double bond group introduced in the acrylic-based polymer (B1) by a short-chain unsaturated carboxylic acid having a molecular weight of less than 150. Compared with laminate films prepared by spray coating, dip coating, or other coating methods, this laminate film is excellent in processability, coating film properties, and ornamental properties. Thus, an article can be excellently decorated with the laminate film provided by the present invention.
摘要:
A semiconductor element of this invention includes a drift layer of a first conductivity type formed on a semiconductor substrate of the first conductivity type, a well layer of a second conductivity type selectively formed in the surface of the drift layer, a source layer of the first conductivity type selectively formed in the surface of the well layer, a trench formed to reach at least the inside of the drift layer from the surface of the source layer through the well layer, a buried electrode formed in the trench through a first insulating film, and a control electrode formed on the drift layer, the well layer, and the source layer through a second insulating film.
摘要:
A nonvolatile semiconductor memory includes first and second memory cells having a floating gate and a control gate. The floating gate of the first and second memory cells is comprised a first part, and a second part arranged on the first part, and a width of the second part in an extending direction of the control gate is narrower than that of the first part. A first space between the first parts of the first and second memory cells is filled with one kind of an insulator. The control gate is arranged at a second space between the second parts of the first and second memory cells.
摘要:
A nonvolatile semiconductor memory includes first and second memory cells having a floating gate and a control gate. The floating gate of the first and second memory cells is comprised a first part, and a second part arranged on the first part, and a width of the second part in an extending direction of the control gate is narrower than that of the first part. A first space between the first parts of the first and second memory cells is filled with one kind of an insulator. The control gate is arranged at a second space between the second parts of the first and second memory cells.
摘要:
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor storage device includes providing an opening portion in a plurality of positions in an insulating film formed on a silicon substrate, and thereafter forming an amorphous silicon film on the insulating film, in which the opening portions are formed, and in the opening portions. Then, trenches are formed to divide the amorphous silicon film, in the vicinity of a midpoint between adjacent opening portions, into a portion on one opening portion side and a portion on the other opening portion side. Next, the amorphous silicon film, in which the trenches are formed, is annealed and subjected to solid-phase crystallization to form a single crystal with the opening portions used as seeds, and thereby a silicon single-crystal layer is formed. Then, a memory cell array is formed on the silicon single-crystal layer.
摘要:
A semiconductor element of this invention includes a drift layer of a first conductivity type formed on a semiconductor substrate of the first conductivity type, a well layer of a second conductivity type selectively formed in the surface of the drift layer, a source layer of the first conductivity type selectively formed in the surface of the well layer, a trench formed to reach at least the inside of the drift layer from the surface of the source layer through the well layer, a buried electrode formed in the trench through a first insulating film, and a control electrode formed on the drift layer, the well layer, and the source layer through a second insulating film.