摘要:
A pressure relief valve for a lubrication system of an internal combustion engine includes a valve body disposed within a generally cylindrical bore in a housing. The valve body is axially movable within the bore and is provided with a sealing surface on one end. A spring biases the sealing surface against a valve seat in the housing. A guide, which is preferably sleeve-shaped, is non-fixedly arranged within the bore for guiding the axial movement of the valve body and reducing the impact of manufacturing tolerance variations on valve operation. In a preferred embodiment, the sealing surface of the valve body is spherically shaped and the valve seat is conically shaped. A vent passage is provided in the sleeve-shaped guide to equalize pressures within the bore during operation of the valve.
摘要:
Methods for fabricating integrated circuits are provided. In an embodiment, a method for fabricating an integrated circuit includes providing a semiconductor substrate and forming a gate structure on the semiconductor substrate. The gate includes a high-k dielectric material. In the method, a fluorine-containing liquid is contacted with the high-k dielectric material and fluorine is incorporated into the high-k dielectric material.
摘要:
In a replacement gate approach, the oxygen contents of a cap material may be increased, thereby providing more stable characteristics of the cap material itself and of the high-k dielectric material. Consequently, upon providing a work function adjusting metal species at a very advanced manufacturing stage, corresponding additional treatments may be reduced in number or may even be completely avoided, while at the same time threshold voltage variations may be reduced.
摘要:
The present invention relates to the use of alpha (2) macroglobulin complexes isolated from the serum of a mammal. The invention also relates to methods for making such complexes and compositions comprising alpha (2) macroglobulin complexes, isolated from the serum of a mammal, wherein such compositions are used in methods for the treatment and prevention of cancer and infectious disease. The invention also relates to methods for treating and preventing cancer and infectious disease using such complexes comprising, isolated from the serum of a mammal. The invention also encompasses methods for production of alpha (2) macroglobulin complexes.
摘要:
The camshaft of an internal combustion engine is driven by a chain drive from an adjacent parallel intermediate shaft, which itself is driven with a toothed belt by the engine crankshaft. For a four valve cylinder head having two overhead camshafts, one camshaft is used as the intermediate shaft. By means of a hydraulic tensioning device applied at the chain drive, the relative rotating position of both camshafts and thus also the control time of the valves can be changed.
摘要:
An air-cooled multi-cylinder internal combustion engine includes cylinder heads cast together in a cylinder head casting; the cylinder heads are cooled from the inside by an S-shaped air flow extending between the valves. The cooling air thereby flows-in through an inlet channel at the inlet side of the cylinder heads, is deflected through 90.degree. in a central connecting channel and after a once-more 90.degree. deflection flows into the atmosphere through outlet channels which are formed between the individually cast exhaust gas outlet channels.
摘要:
A method for producing a steering wheel (10) including a multilayered decorative trim (16) comprises the following steps: providing a multilayered body composed of flat layers joined to each other, the body being bent transversely or perpendicular to the plane of the layers into a shape adapted to the geometry of a steering wheel body part (14), cutting off a thin arcuate decorative layer (26) from a lateral surface of the body, in particular essentially perpendicular to the bending axis, and adapting said decorative layer (26) to and applying it onto said steering wheel body part (14).
摘要:
Methods for fabricating integrated circuits are provided. In an embodiment, a method for fabricating an integrated circuit includes providing a semiconductor substrate and forming a gate structure on the semiconductor substrate. The gate includes a high-k dielectric material. In the method, a fluorine-containing liquid is contacted with the high-k dielectric material and fluorine is incorporated into the high-k dielectric material.
摘要:
Methods are provided for fabricating an integrated circuit that includes metal filled narrow openings. In accordance with one embodiment a method includes forming a dummy gate overlying a semiconductor substrate and subsequently removing the dummy gate to form a narrow opening. A layer of high dielectric constant insulator and a layer of work function-determining material are deposited overlying the semiconductor substrate. The layer of work function-determining material is exposed to a nitrogen ambient in a first chamber. A layer of titanium is deposited into the narrow opening in the first chamber in the presence of the nitrogen ambient to cause the first portion of the layer of titanium to be nitrided. The deposition of titanium continues, and the remaining portion of the layer of titanium is deposited as substantially pure titanium. Aluminum is deposited overlying the layer of titanium to fill the narrow opening and to form a gate electrode.
摘要:
In a replacement gate approach, one work function metal may be provided in an early manufacturing stage, i.e., upon depositing the gate layer stack, thereby reducing the number of deposition steps required in a later manufacturing stage. Consequently, the further work function metal and the electrode metal may be filled into the gate trenches on the basis of superior process conditions compared to conventional replacement gate approaches.