摘要:
A vibration damping control system for an automotive vehicle is provided. This system includes a torque generator operating with given operation timing to produce a torque vibration of a preselected frequency and an operation timing controller. The operation timing controller initially determines a phase difference between engine revolution and frequency of vehicle vibration formed of a resultant vector defined by a first vibration component caused by movement of a crankshaft of the engine and a second vibration component caused by movement of a piston of the engine. The controller then modifies the operation timing of the torque generator to provide the torque vibration in an opposite phase relative to the vehicle vibration based on the phase difference determined to compensate the vehicle vibration.
摘要:
Disclosed is an engine starting apparatus which suppresses engine vibrations and noises during engine cranking and reduces consumption of electric power supplied for engine cranking. When an engine starts to rotate to produce its torque, electric power supplied to a starter motor for engine cranking is reduced gradually so that a sum of torques produced by the starter motor and the engine may be prevented from increasing excessively. In the case a generator/motor is used for engine starting, operation of the generator/motor is switched from motor operation to generator operation for suppressing excessive speed rise when engine starting is completed.
摘要:
A torque control system for engines reduces electric power consumption by appropriately avoiding torque application after the engine starts increasing its torque output. The system detects the ignition timing of an engine and initiates motor mode operation of a motor-generator. The motor-generator continuously applies torque to number of ignitions which occur immediately before the engine torque actually starts increasing under the torque increase command, and then initiates generator operation of the motor-generator. Since the motor operation of the motor-generator terminates almost simultaneously with the increase in engine torque, there is no overlap between torque application by the motor-generator and increase torque output of the engine, and effective torque application and savings of battery power can be achieved.
摘要:
A control mechanism for an electric generator motor which can prevent excessive charging and insufficient capacity of an electrical power storage device includes a controller controlling operation of the electric generator motor when a total of restorable electrical power calculated on the basis of vehicle state and a present capacity of the electrical storage device is smaller than a specified reference capacity. The control mechanism effects a motor operation, i.e., application of torque, of the generator motor within a range in which the capacity of the electrical storage device does not fall below a specified minimum charge level required for driving vehicle auxiliary devices. The control mechanism effects motor operation of the electric generator motor with continuously changing restorable electrical power which has a positive correlation with an effective amount of depression of a brake pedal. The control device effects application of torque using the motor generator when a total of restorable electrical power is larger than a specified minimum capacity value.
摘要:
The invention provides a method of manufacturing a relief printing plate having at least engraving an area which is in a relief forming layer of a relief printing plate precursor for laser engraving and is to be exposed by scanning exposure using a fiber-coupled semiconductor laser which emits laser beam with a wavelength of 700 nm to 1,300 nm. The relief printing plate precursor has at least a relief forming layer provided over a support, and the relief forming layer contains at least a binder polymer and a photo-thermal conversion agent. The invention further provides a relief printing plate precursor for laser engraving which can be used in the method of manufacturing a relief printing plate.
摘要:
A lithographic printing plate precursor of the present invention comprises a water-resistant support, a hydrophilic layer and an image-forming layer, in this order, said hydrophilic layer comprising a fine particulate hydrophobicizing precursor and a hydrophilic binder polymer, and said image forming layer comprising a light-heat converting substance and a microcapsule encapsulating a hydrophobic substance, wherein the hydrophilic binder polymer is a composite material of a hydrophilic organic polymer and a polymer having a group including: at least one atom selected from a metal atom and semimetal atom; and an oxygen atom connecting with the at least one atom selected from a metal atom and semimetal atom.
摘要:
A heat-sensitive lithographic printing plate in which the occurrence of stains in printing can be prevented without increasing the exposure of a laser, comprising a support having provided thereon a hydrophilic layer having a crosslinked structure, and a layer containing a polymer having on a side chain a group in which the solubility in water can be changed by heat, the layer being provided on the hydrophilic layer.
摘要:
A direct drawing type lithographic printing plate precursor comprising a water-resistant support having provided thereon an image-receiving layer comprising inorganic particles and a binder resin, wherein the inorganic particles comprise at least one kind of particles selected from: (i) metal oxide particles having an average particle size of from 0.01 to 5 &mgr;m and comprising a metal atom selected from Mg, Ba, Ge, Sn, Zn, Pb, La, Zr, V, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Co, Ni and Cu; and (ii) double oxide particles having an average particle size of from 0.01 to 5 &mgr;m and comprising at least one metal atom selected from Mg, Al, Si, Ti, Zr, Cr, V, Mo, Sn, W and Nb, and wherein the binder resin comprises a complex comprising: a resin containing a bond in which a metal atom is connected with an oxygen atom; and an organic polymer containing a group capable of forming a hydrogen bond with the resin and at least one polar functional group selected from a carboxy group, a sulfo group and a phosphono group.
摘要:
A direct drawing type lithographic printing plate precursor comprising a water-resistant support having provided thereon an image-receiving layer, the image-receiving layer being formed from a dispersion comprising: an inorganic pigment comprising silica particles having an average particle diameter of from 1 to 6 &mgr;m and ultra-fine particles of inorganic pigment having an average particle diameter of from 5 to 50 nm, at a weight ratio thereof of from 40:60 to 70:30; and a hydrophilic binder resin comprising at least one modified hydrophilic binder resin which is modified with a silyl functional group represented by the following formula (I): —Si(R)n(OX)3-n (I) wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms; X represents an aliphatic group having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and n represents 0, 1 or 2. Also disclosed are methods of preparing a lithographic printing plate using the direct drawing type lithographic printing plate precursor.
摘要:
An electrophotographic lithographic printing plate, in which the effect by the hydrophilic property of non-image areas is further improved, and which is stable during storage even under very severe conditions and capable of readily realizing the hydrophilic property in a short time during processing of rendering hydrophilic is provided by a process for the production of an electrophotographic lithographic printing plate, comprising subjecting an electrophotographic photoreceptor to imagewise exposure and forming a toner image, the electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising an electroconductive support having provided thereon at least one photoconductive layer containing photoconductive inorganic compound and a binder resin, the binder resin comprising at least one resin (P) as defined herein, and optionally at least one crosslinking agent, and then subjecting a non-image area of the photoconductive layer to an oil-desensitizing processing with a processing solution containing a hydrophilic compound containing a substituent having a Pearson's nucleophilic constant n of at least 5.5.