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公开(公告)号：US5790269A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-04
申请号：US570765
申请日：1995-12-12
摘要： Edge or contour information is extracted from an image array by filtering and encoded. In order to improve reproduction accuracy, two separate filters are used to detect edge information. One of the filters detects "sharp" edges, or edges in which the discontinuity in pixel intensity values occurs over a range of a few pixels. The other filter detects "level" edges in which the pixel intensity value discontinuity occurs over a larger range of pixels than the "sharp" edges. The "smooth" areas between edges or contours are assumed to vary continuously between the contours, but for efficient implementation, a one-dimensional linear interpolation is used to regenerate the contour information between edges. In addition, to further improve performance, a line is fitted to the pixel intensity data. The end values of this line are then used for the pixel intensity data. In order to still further improve performance, the pixel intensity values associated with each contour are divided into groups and each group is then encoded. Another improvement is accomplished by mean coding the residual error.
摘要翻译： 通过滤波和编码从图像阵列中提取边缘或轮廓信息。 为了提高再现精度，使用两个单独的滤波器来检测边缘信息。 其中一个滤波器检测“锐利”边缘，或者在几个像素范围内发生像素强度值不连续性的边缘。 另一个滤波器检测到像素强度值不连续发生在比“锐利”边缘更大的像素范围内的“电平”边缘。 假设边缘或轮廓之间的“平滑”区域在轮廓之间连续变化，但是为了有效实现，使用一维线性内插来重新生成边缘之间的轮廓信息。 此外，为了进一步提高性能，将线条拟合到像素强度数据。 然后将该行的结束值用于像素强度数据。 为了进一步提高性能，将与每个轮廓相关联的像素强度值分成组，然后对每个组进行编码。 另一个改进是通过平均编码残差来实现的。
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公开(公告)号：US5838828A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-17
申请号：US570889
申请日：1995-12-12
CPC分类号： G06T7/2033
摘要： A method and apparatus for motion estimation in a video signal includes an edge detector for generating present and reference binary edge bit maps and a binary block matcher for receiving the present and reference binary edge bit maps from the edge detector and for generating a motion vector for each of a plurality of blocks in the binary edge bit maps. By using binary edge bit map data to generate motion vectors, computational requirements are reduced. If the apparatus is provided as an integrated circuit, the technique of the present invention reduces cost, power requirements and size of the integrated circuit.
摘要翻译： 用于视频信号中的运动估计的方法和装置包括用于产生当前和参考二进制边缘比特图的边缘检测器和用于从边缘检测器接收当前和参考二进制边缘比特图并用于生成运动矢量的二进制块匹配器 二进制边缘位图中的多个块中的每一个。 通过使用二进制边缘位图数据来生成运动矢量，减少了计算需求。 如果该装置作为集成电路提供，则本发明的技术降低了集成电路的成本，功率需求和尺寸。
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3.发明申请CIRCUIT AND METHOD TO STARTUP FROM VERY LOW VOLTAGES AND IMPROVE ENERGY HARVESTING EFFICIENCY IN THERMOELECTRIC HARVESTERS 有权从非常低的电压启动的电路和方法，并提高热电收割机的能源收集效率公开(公告)号：US20100270996A1
公开(公告)日：2010-10-28
申请号：US12577421
申请日：2009-10-12
IPC分类号： G05F3/08
CPC分类号： H02M1/36
摘要： An energy harvesting system is provided that includes a startup module for starting the energy harvesting system operation from a completely OFF state. The startup module uses mechanical vibrations due to motion to trigger a switch which permits the startup module to charge one or more first capacitive elements so to as reach a first defined voltage. A storage module buffers energy obtained from a thermoelectric harvester to be used by a load device. The storage module commences storing energy from the thermoelectric harvester when the first defined voltage has been reached allowing charging of one or more second capacitive elements to reach a second defined voltage. A DC-DC converter module provides regulated voltage to the load device after energy has been transferred from the thermoelectric harvester. The DC-DC converter module determines whether the second defined voltage has been reached and releases stored energy in the one or more first capacitive elements and the load device.
摘要翻译： 提供能量收集系统，其包括用于从完全关闭状态启动能量收集系统操作的启动模块。 启动模块由于运动而使用机械振动来触发开关，其允许启动模块对一个或多个第一电容元件充电以便达到第一限定电压。 存储模块缓冲由热收缩机获得的能量，由负载装置使用。 当达到第一限定电压时，存储模块开始存储来自热电收集器的能量，允许一个或多个第二电容元件的充电达到第二限定电压。 DC-DC转换器模块在从热电收集器转移能量之后向负载装置提供调节电压。 DC-DC转换器模块确定是否已经达到第二定义电压，并释放一个或多个第一电容元件和负载装置中的存储能量。
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4.发明申请CIRCUIT AND METHOD TO IMPROVE ENERGY HARVESTING EFFICIENCY IN PIEZOELECTRIC HARVESTERS 有权提高压电式收割机能源收集效率的电路及方法公开(公告)号：US20100079034A1
公开(公告)日：2010-04-01
申请号：US12558820
申请日：2009-09-14
IPC分类号： H01L41/107
CPC分类号： H02N2/181
摘要： An energy harvester circuit is provided. The energy harvester circuit includes a harvesting module for extracting energy from an ambient source. A bias flip module manages the manner in which voltage across the harvesting module transitions when input current from the harvesting module changes direction so as to allow a majority of the charge available from the harvesting module to be extracted. A voltage transitioning module is shared amongst one or more DC-DC converters for efficient energy management.
摘要翻译： 提供能量采集电路。 能量收集器电路包括用于从环境源提取能量的收集模块。 偏置翻转模块管理当来自收获模块的输入电流改变方向时收集模块上的电压转变的方式，以便允许从采集模块获得的大部分电荷被提取。 电压转换模块在一个或多个DC-DC转换器之间共享以实现有效的能量管理。
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公开(公告)号：US09608652B2
公开(公告)日：2017-03-28
申请号：US14948875
申请日：2015-11-23
CPC分类号： H03M1/0609 , H03M1/002 , H03M1/0836 , H03M1/121 , H03M1/1215 , H03M1/123 , H03M1/1245 , H03M1/181 , H03M1/46
摘要： A time-interleaved (TI) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) architecture employs a low resolution coarse ADC channel that samples an input analog signal at a Nyquist rate and facilitates background calibration of timing-skew error without interrupting normal operation to sample/convert the input signal. The coarse ADC channel provides a timing reference for multiple higher resolution TI ADC channels that respectively sample the input signal at a lower sampling rate. The coarse ADC digital output is compared to respective TI ADC digital outputs to variably adjust in time corresponding sampling clocks of the TI ADC channels so as to substantially align them with the sampling clock of the coarse ADC channel, thus reducing timing-skew error. In one example, the coarse ADC output provides the most significant bits (MSBs) of the respective TI ADC digital outputs to further improve conversion speed and reduce power consumption in these channels.
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6.发明申请METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING TIMING-SKEW ERRORS IN TIME-INTERLEAVED ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTERS 有权用于减少时间间隔异或模数转换器中的时序误差的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US20160079994A1
公开(公告)日：2016-03-17
申请号：US14948875
申请日：2015-11-23
CPC分类号： H03M1/0609 , H03M1/002 , H03M1/0836 , H03M1/121 , H03M1/1215 , H03M1/123 , H03M1/1245 , H03M1/181 , H03M1/46
摘要： A time-interleaved (TI) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) architecture employs a low resolution coarse ADC channel that samples an input analog signal at a Nyquist rate and facilitates background calibration of timing-skew error without interrupting normal operation to sample/convert the input signal. The coarse ADC channel provides a timing reference for multiple higher resolution TI ADC channels that respectively sample the input signal at a lower sampling rate. The coarse ADC digital output is compared to respective TI ADC digital outputs to variably adjust in time corresponding sampling clocks of the TI ADC channels so as to substantially align them with the sampling clock of the coarse ADC channel, thus reducing timing-skew error. In one example, the coarse ADC output provides the most significant bits (MSBs) of the respective TI ADC digital outputs to further improve conversion speed and reduce power consumption in these channels.
摘要翻译： 时间交织（TI）模数转换器（ADC）架构采用低分辨率粗ADC通道，以奈奎斯特速率对输入模拟信号进行采样，便于定时偏移误差的背景校准，而不会中断对采样/ 转换输入信号。 粗ADC通道为多个更高分辨率TI ADC通道提供了时序参考，分别以较低的采样率采样输入信号。 将粗ADC数字输出与相应的TI ADC数字输出进行比较，可随时调整TI ADC通道的相应采样时钟，使其与粗ADC通道的采样时钟基本对齐，从而减少定时偏移误差。 在一个示例中，粗ADC输出提供相应TI ADC数字输出的最高有效位（MSB），以进一步提高转换速度并降低这些通道的功耗。
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7.发明授权Method and apparatus for reducing delay in a bus provided from parallel, capacitively coupled transmission lines 有权用于减少从并联的电容耦合传输线路提供的总线延迟的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US07400276B1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-15
申请号：US10351811
申请日：2003-01-27
IPC分类号： H03M7/00
摘要： A mechanism for use with a bus provided from parallel, capacitively-coupled bus lines to restrict a number of possible transitions on the bus to a number that is smaller than the maximum number of possible transitions so that data transmissions on the bus occur at a transmission rate which is higher than the transmission rate allowable if the number of transitions had not been restricted.
摘要翻译： 一种用于由并联的电容耦合总线提供的总线的机制，用于将总线上的可能的转换数量限制在小于最大可能跳变数量的数量，使得总线上的数据传输发生在传输 如果没有限制转换次数，则该速率高于允许的传输速率。
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8.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07067909B2
公开(公告)日：2006-06-27
申请号：US10749096
申请日：2003-12-30
申请人： Rafael Reif , Nisha Checka , Anantha Chandrakasan
发明人： Rafael Reif , Nisha Checka , Anantha Chandrakasan
IPC分类号： H01L23/02
CPC分类号： H01L21/6835 , H01L23/481 , H01L23/522 , H01L23/5226 , H01L24/05 , H01L24/81 , H01L25/0657 , H01L2221/68359 , H01L2224/0401 , H01L2224/0557 , H01L2224/81801 , H01L2224/81894 , H01L2224/8383 , H01L2225/06513 , H01L2225/06527 , H01L2225/06541 , H01L2225/06596 , H01L2924/00011 , H01L2924/0002 , H01L2924/01005 , H01L2924/01006 , H01L2924/01007 , H01L2924/01013 , H01L2924/01014 , H01L2924/01015 , H01L2924/01016 , H01L2924/01019 , H01L2924/01025 , H01L2924/01029 , H01L2924/01033 , H01L2924/0104 , H01L2924/01054 , H01L2924/01057 , H01L2924/01061 , H01L2924/01072 , H01L2924/01073 , H01L2924/01074 , H01L2924/01075 , H01L2924/01079 , H01L2924/05042 , H01L2924/12042 , H01L2924/12044 , H01L2924/1306 , H01L2924/14 , H01L2924/1461 , H01L2924/19041 , H01L2924/19042 , H01L2924/19043 , H01L2924/30105 , H01L2924/3025 , H01L2924/00 , H01L2224/05552 , H01L2224/83205
摘要： A multi-layer integrated semiconductor structure is provided, which includes at least a first semiconductor structure and a second semiconductor structure coupled together via an interface. The interface includes at least a first portion adapted to provide a communication interface between the first semiconductor structure and the second semiconductor structure and at least a second portion adapted to reduce electrical interference between the first semiconductor structure and the second semiconductor structure.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种多层集成半导体结构，其包括经由界面耦合在一起的至少第一半导体结构和第二半导体结构。 接口包括至少第一部分，其适于提供第一半导体结构和第二半导体结构之间的通信接口，以及至少第二部分，其适于减小第一半导体结构和第二半导体结构之间的电干扰。
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9.发明授权Integrated circuit implementation of methods and apparatuses for monitoring occupancy of wideband GHz spectrum, and sensing respective frequency components of time-varying signals using sub-nyquist criterion signal sampling 有权用于监视宽带GHz频谱占用的方法和装置的集成电路实现，以及使用次奎斯特准则信号采样来感测时变信号的各个频率分量公开(公告)号：US09313072B2
公开(公告)日：2016-04-12
申请号：US14548238
申请日：2014-11-19
申请人： Dina Katabi , Omid Salehi-Abari , Ezzeldin Hamed , Haitham Z. Al-Hassanieh , Lixin Shi , Abhinav Agarwal , Anantha Chandrakasan , Vladimir Stojanovic
发明人： Dina Katabi , Omid Salehi-Abari , Ezzeldin Hamed , Haitham Z. Al-Hassanieh , Lixin Shi , Abhinav Agarwal , Anantha Chandrakasan , Vladimir Stojanovic
CPC分类号： H04L25/024 , G01P3/489 , H04B1/16 , H04B1/40 , H04L25/03038 , H04L27/0006 , H04L27/263 , H04L27/265 , H04L27/2666 , H04W16/14
摘要： An ASIC for monitoring wideband GHz spectrum to sense respective frequency components present in the spectrum. The ASIC implements Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) techniques to facilitate identification of one or more frequency components of a sparse signal after the signal is sub-sampled at a rate below the Nyquist criterion. The ASIC computes a first Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of a first sub-sampled set of samples of a time-varying signal representing the monitored spectrum and sampled at a first sampling rate, and further computes a second FFT of a second sub-sampled set of samples of the time-varying signal sampled at a second sampling rate different from the first sampling rate. In one example, each of the first FFT and the second FFT is a low-radix FFT to facilitate a low-power and low-cost ASIC implementation of wideband spectrum sensing.
摘要翻译： 用于监测宽带GHz频谱以检测频谱中存在的相应频率分量的ASIC。 在以低于奈奎斯特准则的速率对信号进行子采样之后，ASIC实现快速傅立叶变换（FFT）技术以便于识别稀疏信号的一个或多个频率分量。 ASIC计算表示所监视的频谱并以第一采样率采样的时变信号的第一子采样采样集合的第一快速傅立叶变换（FFT），并且还计算第二次采样的第二FFT 以与第一采样率不同的第二采样率采样的时变信号的采样集合。 在一个示例中，第一FFT和第二FFT中的每一个是低基FFT，以促进宽带频谱感测的低功率和低成本ASIC实施。
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10.发明授权Adaptive power supply and substrate control for ultra low power digital processors using triple well control 有权使用三重控制的超低功耗数字处理器的自适应电源和基板控制公开(公告)号：US06967522B2
公开(公告)日：2005-11-22
申请号：US10115307
申请日：2002-04-03
CPC分类号： G05F3/205
摘要： A system for improving the power efficiency of an electronic device includes a threshold voltage selector and a supply voltage selector. The threshold voltage selector selects a value of a threshold voltage for operation of the device in response to a present operating condition of the device. The supply voltage selector selects a value of a supply voltage to be applied to the device in response to the present operating condition of the device. The value of the threshold voltage and the value of the supply voltage control a power consumption of the device.
摘要翻译： 一种用于提高电子设备的功率效率的系统包括阈值电压选择器和电源电压选择器。 阈值电压选择器响应于设备的当前操作条件选择用于设备操作的阈值电压值。 电源电压选择器响应于设备的当前操作条件选择要施加到设备的电源电压的值。 阈值电压值和电源电压值控制器件的功耗。
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