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公开(公告)号：US5515794A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-14
申请号：US376520
申请日：1995-01-23
CPC分类号： F23D1/005 , C10J3/50 , C10J2200/152 , C10J2300/1223 , F23D2214/00 , F23D2900/00006 , F23D2900/00016 , Y02E20/366
摘要： An improved burner for partial oxidation process gas generators is provided which has annular passages formed between coaxially aligned conduits extending from upstream sources to the downstream reaction zone. An outer coolant jacket, internally baffled from optimum coolant flow and sized for minimum downstream area surrounds a recessed and fuel/oxidizer delivery conduit ending in a nozzle. The central delivery conduit is not attached to the coolant jacket and the annular space between them is connected to a high pressure supply of relatively inert gas which can periodically be vented through the annular space to prevent slag build up on the nozzle or coolant jacket.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于部分氧化工艺气体发生器的改进的燃烧器，其具有在从上游源延伸到下游反应区的同轴对准的管道之间形成的环形通道。 外部冷却剂护套，内部由最佳冷却剂流动挡住，并且尺寸适合最小的下游区域围绕终止于喷嘴的凹陷和燃料/氧化剂输送导管。 中央输送管道不附接到冷却剂护套，并且它们之间的环形空间连接到可以周期性地通过环形空间排放的相对惰性气体的高压供应，以防止在喷嘴或冷却剂护套上积聚渣。
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公开(公告)号：US5338489A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-16
申请号：US6028
申请日：1993-01-15
IPC分类号： B01J19/00 , C01B3/36 , C10J3/00 , C10J3/46 , C10J3/48 , F23J1/00 , F27D3/00 , C01B3/22 , C01B3/24
CPC分类号： C01B3/363 , C10J3/485 , C10J3/526 , C10J2200/152 , C10J2300/1223
摘要： Slag deposits in partial oxidation reactors, like coke gasifiers, are removed by controlling temperature and slag derivatization. Derivatized slag is fluidized and leaves the reactor without solidifying in and filling the reactor outlet.
摘要翻译： 通过控制温度和炉渣衍生化来除去部分氧化反应器中的渣渣，如焦炭气化器。 衍生的炉渣被流化并离开反应器而不固化并填充反应器出口。
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公开(公告)号：US5401282A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-28
申请号：US77270
申请日：1993-06-17
CPC分类号： C10J3/463 , C10J3/06 , C10J3/466 , C10J3/84 , C10K1/002 , C10K1/004 , C10K1/024 , C10K1/026 , C10K1/101 , C10K3/04 , C10J2300/1223 , C10J2300/1606 , C10J2300/1656 , C10J2300/1662 , C10J2300/1665 , C10J2300/1671 , C10J2300/1884 , C10J2300/1892 , Y10S48/02
摘要： A partial oxidation process for the production of a stream of hot clean gas substantially free from particulate matter, ammonia, alkali metal compounds, halides and sulfur-containing gas for use as synthesis gas, reducing gas, or fuel gas. A hydrocarbonaceous fuel comprising a solid carbonaceous fuel with or without liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel or gaseous hydrocarbon fuel, wherein said hydrocarbonaceous fuel contains halides, alkali metal compounds, sulfur, nitrogen and inorganic ash containing components, is reacted in a gasifier by partial oxidation to produce a hot raw gas stream comprising H.sub.2, CO, CO.sub.2, H.sub.2 O, CH.sub.4, NH.sub.3, HCl, HF, H.sub.2 S, COS, N.sub.2, Ar, particulate matter, vapor phase alkali metal compounds, and molten slag. The hot raw gas stream from the gasifier is split into two streams which are separately deslagged, cleaned and recombined. Ammonia in the gas mixture is catalytically disproportionated into N.sub.2 and H.sub.2. The ammonia-free gas stream is then cooled and halides in the gas stream are reacted with a supplementary alkali metal compound to remove HCl and HF. Alkali metal halides, vaporized alkali metal compounds and residual fine particulate matter are removed from the gas stream by further cooling and filtering. The sulfur-containing gases in the process gas stream are then reacted at high temperature with a regenerable sulfur-reactive mixed metal oxide sulfur sorbent material to produce a sulfided sorbent material which is then separated from the hot clean purified gas stream having a temperature of at least 1000.degree. F.
摘要翻译： 用于生产基本上不含颗粒物质的热清洁气体流的部分氧化方法，用作合成气，还原气体或燃料气体的氨，碱金属化合物，卤化物和含硫气体。 含有固体碳质燃料的含烃燃料，具有或不含液体烃类燃料或气态烃燃料，其中所述含烃燃料含有卤化物，碱金属化合物，硫，氮和含无机灰分的组分，在气化器中通过部分氧化反应，产生 包含H 2，CO，CO 2，H 2 O，CH 4，NH 3，HCl，HF，H 2 S，COS，N 2，Ar，颗粒物，气相碱金属化合物和熔融炉渣的热原料气流。 来自气化器的热原料气流被分成两股，分别去除，清洗和再结合。 气体混合物中的氨被催化歧化成N 2和H 2。 然后将无氨气流冷却，并将气流中的卤化物与补充的碱金属化合物反应以除去HCl和HF。 通过进一步冷却和过滤，将碱金属卤化物，汽化的碱金属化合物和残留的细颗粒物质从气流中除去。 然后，工艺气体流中的含硫气体在高温下与可再生的硫反应性混合金属氧化物硫吸附剂材料反应以产生硫化吸附剂材料，然后将其从温度为 至少1000°F
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公开(公告)号：US5403366A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-04
申请号：US77269
申请日：1993-06-17
CPC分类号： C10J3/466 , C10J3/06 , C10J3/463 , C10J3/485 , C10K1/002 , C10K1/024 , C10K1/026 , C10K1/101 , C10K1/20 , C10K3/02 , C10K3/04 , C10J2300/1223 , C10J2300/1606 , C10J2300/1656 , C10J2300/1662 , C10J2300/1665 , C10J2300/1671 , C10J2300/1884
摘要： A partial oxidation process for the production of a stream of hot clean gas substantially free from particulate matter, alkali metal compounds, hydrogen halides, hydrogen cyanide, sulfur-containing gases, and with or without ammonia for use as synthesis gas, reducing gas, or fuel gas. A pumpable hydrocarbonaceous fuel selected from the group consisting of liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel or liquid emulsions thereof, an aqueous slurry of petroleum coke, and mixtures thereof and wherein said hydrocarbonaceous fuel contains halides, alkali metal compounds, sulfur, nitrogen and inorganic ash containing components, is reacted in a gasifier by partial oxidation to produce a hot raw gas stream comprising H.sub.2, CO, CO.sub.2, H.sub.2 O, CH.sub.4, NH.sub.3, HCN, HCl, HF, H.sub.2 S, COS, N.sub.2, Ar, particulate matter, vapor phase alkali metal compounds, and molten slag. The hot raw gas stream from the gasifier is cooled in a radiant cooler and cleaned. Optionally, ammonia is removed from the gas stream by being catalytically disproportionated into N.sub.2 and H.sub.2. The process gas stream is cooled and halides and HCN in the gas stream are reacted with a supplementary alkali metal compound to remove HCl, HF and HCN. Alkali metal halides and alkali metal cyanide, vaporized alkali metal compounds and residual fine particulate matter are removed from the gas stream by further cooling and filtering. The sulfur-containing gases in the process gas stream are then reacted at high temperature with a regenerable sulfur-reactive mixed metal oxide sulfur sorbent material to produce a sulfided sorbent material which is then separated from the hot clean purified gas stream having a temperature of at least 1000.degree. F.
摘要翻译： 用于生产基本上不含颗粒物质，碱金属化合物，卤化氢，氰化氢，含硫气体以及用于或不用氨的热清洁气体流的部分氧化方法用作合成气，还原气体或 燃气。 选自液体烃类燃料或其液体乳液，石油焦炭的水性浆料及其混合物的可泵送烃类燃料，其中所述含烃燃料包含卤化物，碱金属化合物，硫，氮和含无机灰分的组分，是 在气化器中通过部分氧化反应产生包含H 2，CO，CO 2，H 2 O，CH 4，NH 3，HCN，HCl，HF，H 2 S，COS，N 2，Ar，颗粒物质，气相碱金属化合物， 和熔渣。 来自气化器的热原料气流在辐射冷却器中冷却并清洁。 任选地，通过催化歧化成N 2和H 2从气流中除去氨。 将工艺气流冷却并将卤化物和气流中的HCN与补充的碱金属化合物反应以除去HCl，HF和HCN。 通过进一步的冷却和过滤，将碱金属卤化物和碱金属氰化物，汽化的碱金属化合物和残留的细颗粒物质从气流中除去。 然后，工艺气体流中的含硫气体在高温下与可再生的硫反应性混合金属氧化物硫吸附剂材料反应以产生硫化吸附剂材料，然后将其从具有温度为 至少1000°F
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公开(公告)号：US07544346B2
公开(公告)日：2009-06-09
申请号：US11489362
申请日：2006-07-19
CPC分类号： B01J8/0488 , B01J8/009 , B01J8/0278 , B01J8/0285 , B01J8/0423 , B01J8/0453 , B01J8/048 , B01J8/0492 , B01J8/0496 , B01J8/067 , B01J19/0013 , B01J19/2475 , B01J19/2485 , B01J2208/00141 , B01J2208/00176 , B01J2208/00194 , B01J2208/00203 , B01J2208/00407 , B01J2208/00415 , B01J2208/00716 , B01J2208/00814 , B01J2208/025 , B01J2219/0002 , B01J2219/00083 , B01J2219/00135 , B01J2219/182 , B01J2219/185 , B01J2219/1944 , C01B3/16 , C01B3/38 , C01B3/382 , C01B3/384 , C01B3/386 , C01B3/48 , C01B3/583 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/0288 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/0455 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0805 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/085 , C01B2203/0866 , C01B2203/0877 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/0894 , C01B2203/1011 , C01B2203/1017 , C01B2203/1023 , C01B2203/1035 , C01B2203/1041 , C01B2203/1082 , C01B2203/1205 , C01B2203/1235 , C01B2203/1276 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/146 , C01B2203/147 , C01B2203/1604 , C01B2203/80 , C01B2203/82 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04037 , H01M8/04059 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0631 , H01M8/0668 , Y02P20/52
摘要： A multi-step process of converting hydrocarbon fuel to a substantially pure hydrogen gas feed includes a plurality of modules stacked end-to-end along a common axis. Each module includes a shell having an interior space defining a passageway for the flow of gas from a first end of the shell to a second end of the shell opposite the first end, and a processing core being contained within the interior space for effecting a chemical, thermal, or physical change to a gas stream passing axially through the module. The multi-step process includes: providing a fuel processor having a plurality of modules stacked end-to-end along a common axis; and feeding the hydrocarbon fuel successively through each of the modules in an axial direction through the tubular reactor to produce the hydrogen rich gas.
摘要翻译： 将烃燃料转化为基本上纯的氢气进料的多步骤方法包括沿公共轴线端对端堆叠的多个模块。 每个模块包括壳体，其具有限定通道的内部空间，用于使气体从壳体的第一端流到与第一端相对的壳体的第二端，并且处理芯体包含在内部空间内用于实现化学 ，对通过模块的气流的热或物理变化。 该多步骤过程包括：提供具有多个沿公共轴线端对端堆叠的模块的燃料处理器; 并且通过每个模块沿轴向方向连续地供给烃燃料通过管式反应器以产生富氢气体。
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公开(公告)号：US07455817B2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-25
申请号：US10006963
申请日：2001-12-05
IPC分类号： B01J8/04
CPC分类号： B01J8/0488 , B01J8/009 , B01J8/0278 , B01J8/0285 , B01J8/0423 , B01J8/0453 , B01J8/048 , B01J8/0492 , B01J8/0496 , B01J8/067 , B01J19/0013 , B01J19/2475 , B01J19/2485 , B01J2208/00141 , B01J2208/00176 , B01J2208/00194 , B01J2208/00203 , B01J2208/00407 , B01J2208/00415 , B01J2208/00716 , B01J2208/00814 , B01J2208/025 , B01J2219/0002 , B01J2219/00083 , B01J2219/00135 , B01J2219/182 , B01J2219/185 , B01J2219/1944 , C01B3/16 , C01B3/38 , C01B3/382 , C01B3/384 , C01B3/386 , C01B3/48 , C01B3/583 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/0288 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/0455 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0805 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/085 , C01B2203/0866 , C01B2203/0877 , C01B2203/0883 , C01B2203/0894 , C01B2203/1011 , C01B2203/1017 , C01B2203/1023 , C01B2203/1035 , C01B2203/1041 , C01B2203/1082 , C01B2203/1205 , C01B2203/1235 , C01B2203/1276 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/146 , C01B2203/147 , C01B2203/1604 , C01B2203/80 , C01B2203/82 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04037 , H01M8/04059 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0631 , H01M8/0668 , Y02P20/52
摘要： An apparatus for carrying out a multi-step process of converting hydrocarbon fuel to a substantially pure hydrogen gas feed includes a plurality of modules stacked end-to-end along a common axis. Each module includes a shell having an interior space defining a passageway for the flow of gas from a first end of the shell to a second end of the shell opposite the first end, and a processing core being contained within the interior space for effecting a chemical, thermal, or physical change to a gas stream passing axially through the module. the multi-step process includes: providing a fuel processor having a plurality of modules stacked end-to-end along a common axis; and feeding the hydrocarbon fuel successively through each of the modules in an axial direction through the tubular reactor to produce the hydrogen rich gas.
摘要翻译： 用于执行将烃燃料转化为基本上纯的氢气进料的多步骤过程的装置包括沿公共轴线端对端堆叠的多个模块。 每个模块包括壳体，其具有限定用于气体从壳体的第一端到与第一端相对的壳体的第二端的通道的通道，并且处理芯体包含在内部空间内用于实现化学品 ，对通过模块的气流的热或物理变化。 所述多步骤过程包括：提供燃料处理器，其具有沿公共轴线端对端堆叠的多个模块; 并且通过每个模块沿轴向方向连续地供给烃燃料通过管式反应器以产生富氢气体。
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公开(公告)号：US5484554A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-16
申请号：US290218
申请日：1994-08-15
IPC分类号： B01J19/00 , C01B3/36 , C10J3/00 , C10J3/46 , C10J3/48 , C10L1/00 , F23J1/00 , F27D3/00 , C01B3/22 , C01B3/24
CPC分类号： C10J3/485 , C01B3/363 , C10J3/526 , C10J2300/0983 , C10J2300/1223 , C10J2300/1625
摘要： A selective deslagging operation is conducted in a partial oxidation reactor wherein a first predetermined portion of the reactor is selectively deslagged by derivatization while limiting derivatizing slag conditions in a second predetermined portion of the reactor. Selective deslagging can be accomplished by controlled oxidation conditions in the reactor that vary from one predetermined portion of the reactor to another. Thus, the slag present in one predetermined portion is derivatized and fluidized for removal from the reactor at a faster rate than the slag present in another portion of the reactor, which is not derivatized or is subjected to more limited derivatizing slag conditions. Derivatized slag can be differentiated from non-derivatized slag that does not flow or more limited derivatized slag that has a lower mass flow rate then the derivatized slag at conditions of controlled oxidation. The derivatized slag can then be selectively removed because it has attained a lower fluidizing temperature.
摘要翻译： 在部分氧化反应器中进行选择性除渣操作，其中反应器的第一预定部分通过衍生化选择性脱沥青，同时限制反应器的第二预定部分中的衍生化炉渣条件。 选择性脱盐可以通过在反应器的一个预定部分与另一个反应器之间的受控氧化条件来实现。 因此，存在于一个预定部分中的炉渣被衍生化并流化，以比不存在于反应器的另一部分中的炉渣更快的速率从反应器中除去，其不被衍生化或经受更有限的衍生炉渣条件。 衍生的炉渣可以与不受限制的氧化条件下不流动或更有限制的具有较低质量流量的衍生炉渣和衍生炉渣的非衍生炉渣区分开。 然后可以选择性地除去衍生的炉渣，因为它已经达到较低的流化温度。
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公开(公告)号：US5380425A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-10
申请号：US114581
申请日：1993-08-31
CPC分类号： C10G59/02 , C10G57/005
摘要： A process for producing a low benzene content gasoline is disclosed. Catalytic reforming produces a benzene rich reformate which is fractionated to yield a benzene rich C6 fraction which is then over-alkylated, preferably with C2/C3 olefins from an FCC, to produce heavy alkylate having too high an end point for use as gasoline. Heavy alkylate is charged to an FCC reactor, along with a conventional heavy FCC feed, and converted back into a gasoline boiling range product. Heavy alkylate also produces reactive alkyl fragments in the cracking reactor which react with benzene produced during cracking of FCC heavy feed.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种生产低苯含量汽油的方法。 催化重整产生富含苯的重整产物，其分馏以产生富含苯的C6馏分，然后将其过烷基化，优选使用来自FCC的C 2 / C 3烯烃，以产生具有过高的终点用作汽油的重质烷基化物。 将重质烷基化物与常规的重FCC进料一起装入FCC反应器，并转化回汽油沸程产物。 重质烷基化物还在裂解反应器中产生反应性烷基片段，其与FCC重质进料裂化期间产生的苯反应。
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公开(公告)号：US5464592A
公开(公告)日：1995-11-07
申请号：US155368
申请日：1993-11-22
IPC分类号： F23J1/02 , B01J7/00 , C10J3/00 , C10J3/20 , C10J3/48 , C10J3/72 , C10J3/76 , C10K1/00 , F23G5/12 , F23J1/08 , F28D21/00 , F22B37/00
摘要： A gasifier for partially combusting a carbonaceous fuel mixture in the combustion chamber of the gasifier. The latter includes a water bath into which the hot effluent or products of combustion are immersed, including a synthetic gas. The products of combustion are directed into the bath by way of a constricted throat section. To avoid excessive erosion action and/or thermal shock to the throat section as a result of exposure to the effluent's high temperatures, the throat section is structured with an internal framework of pipes. The framework is communicated with a pressurized source of a cooling fluid, preferably water, whereby to cool the throat section sufficiently to counteract the ill effects of exposure to contact with the high temperature effluent.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在气化器的燃烧室中部分燃烧含碳燃料混合物的气化器。 后者包括浸入热流出物或燃烧产物的水浴，包括合成气体。 通过狭窄的喉部将燃烧产物引入浴中。 为了避免由于暴露于废水的高温而对喉部产生过度的侵蚀作用和/或热冲击，喉部部分由内部管道框架构成。 框架与冷却流体的加压源（优选水）连通，从而足以冷却喉部，以抵消暴露于与高温流出物接触的不良影响。
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公开(公告)号：US5250083A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-05
申请号：US875950
申请日：1992-04-30
IPC分类号： C10J3/46
CPC分类号： C10J3/00 , C10J2300/0983 , C10J2300/0996 , C10J2300/1846 , Y10S48/02
摘要： A process for the partial oxidation of a sulfur- and silicate-containing carbonaceous fuel to produce a synthesis gas with reduced sulfur content which comprises partially oxidizing said fuel at a temperature in the range of 1900.degree.-2600.degree. F. in the presence of a temperature moderator, an oxygen-containing gas and a sulfur capture additive which comprises a calcium-containing compound portion, a sodium-containing compound portion, and a fluoride-containing compound portion to produce a synthesis gas comprising H.sub.2 and CO with a reduced sulfur content and a molten slag which comprises (1) a sulfur-containing sodium-calcium-fluoride silicate phase; and (2) a sodium-calcium sulfide phase.
摘要翻译： 一种用于含硫和含硅酸盐的含碳燃料的部分氧化以产生具有降低的硫含量的合成气的方法，其包括在1900℃-2600°F的温度范围内部分氧化所述燃料， 温度调节剂，含氧气体和硫捕获添加剂，其包含含钙化合物部分，含钠化合物部分和含氟化物的化合物部分，以产生包含具有降低的硫含量的H 2和CO的合成气 和熔渣，其包括（1）含硫的氟化钠 - 硅酸钙相; 和（2）硫化钠钠相。
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