Carbon nanotube stripping solutions and methods
    1.
    发明申请
    Carbon nanotube stripping solutions and methods 审中-公开
    碳纳米管剥离溶液及方法

    公开(公告)号:US20050266162A1

    公开(公告)日:2005-12-01

    申请号:US11079012

    申请日:2005-03-14

    摘要: The invention is directed to compositions and methods for forming conductive patterned coatings of carbon nanotubes. Patterns are electrically conductive coatings/films made by exploiting self patterning nanostructures composed of electrically conductive materials. The resulting layer is suitable for conducting electricity in applications where a transparent electrode is required. Typical applications include, but are not limited to; LC displays, touch screens, EMI shielding windows, and architectural windows. Films may be highly transparent. In one embodiment, carbon nanotubes are applied to an insulating substrate to form an electrically conductive network of nanotubes with controlled porosity in the network. The open area between the networks of nanotubes, increases the optical transparency in the visible spectrum while the continuous nanotube phase provides electrical conductivity across the entire surface or patterned area. Through the controlled application of this self assembled network of nanotubes by means of printing or spraying, patterned areas can be formed to function as electrodes in devices. The use of printing technology to form these electrodes obviates the need for more expensive process such as vacuum deposition and photolithography typically employed today during the formation of ITO coatings.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及用于形成碳纳米管的导电图案化涂层的组合物和方法。 图案是通过利用由导电材料构成的自组装纳米结构制成的导电涂层/薄膜。 所得的层适用于在需要透明电极的应用中导电。 典型应用包括但不限于: LC显示屏,触摸屏,EMI屏蔽窗和建筑窗口。 电影可能非常透明。 在一个实施例中,将碳纳米管施加到绝缘基板上以形成网络中具有受控多孔性的纳米管的导电网络。 纳米管网络之间的开放区域增加了可见光谱中的光学透明度,而连续的纳米管相位提供整个表面或图案区域的导电性。 通过这种通过印刷或喷涂的纳米管自组装网络的受控应用,可以形成图案化的区域以用作器件中的电极。 使用印刷技术形成这些电极消除了在ITO涂层形成期间通常使用的更昂贵的工艺,例如真空沉积和光刻的需要。

    Fluoropolymer binders for carbon nanotube-based transparent conductive coatings
    2.
    发明申请
    Fluoropolymer binders for carbon nanotube-based transparent conductive coatings 失效
    用于碳纳米管基透明导电涂料的含氟聚合物粘合剂

    公开(公告)号:US20060113510A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-06-01

    申请号:US11201275

    申请日:2005-08-11

    IPC分类号: H01B1/12

    摘要: This invention relates to flexible, transparent and conductive coatings and films formed using carbon nanotubes (CNT) and, in particular, single wall carbon nanotubes, with polymer binders. Preferably, coatings and films are formed from carbon nanotubes applied to transparent substrates forming one or multiple conductive layers at nanometer level of thickness. Polymer binders are applied to the CNT network coating having an open structure to provide protection through infiltration. This provides for enhancement of properties such as moisture resistance, thermal resistance, abrasion resistance and interfacial adhesion. Polymers may be thermoplastics or thermosets, or a combination thereof. Polymers may also be insulative or inherently electrical conductive, or any combination of both. Polymers may comprise single or multiple layers as a basecoat underneath a CNT coating, or a topcoat above a CNT coating, or combination of the basecoat and the topcoat forming a sandwich structure. A fluoropolymer containing binder, which is a solution of one fluoropolymer or a blend of fluoropolymers, which may be formulated with additives, is applied onto a carbon nanotube-based transparent conductive coating at nanometer level of thickness on a clear substrate such as PET and glass. The fluoropolymers or blend can be either semi-crystalline (with low level of crystallinity) or amorphous, preferably to be amorphous with low refraction index. Binder coating thickness can be adjusted by changing binder concentration, coating speed and/or other process conditions. This binder coating significantly improves optical transparency, and also maintain or increases conductivity of the CNT-based coating. With other benefits such as abrasion, thermal and moisture resistance, this binder coating and the resulting products is used for display and electronic applications.

    摘要翻译: 本发明涉及柔性,透明和导电的涂层和使用碳纳米管(CNT),特别是单壁碳纳米管与聚合物粘合剂形成的膜。 优选地,涂层和膜由应用于形成纳米级厚度的一个或多个导电层的透明基板上的碳纳米管形成。 将聚合物粘合剂施加到具有开放结构的CNT网络涂层,以通过渗透提供保护。 这提供了诸如耐湿性,耐热性,耐磨性和界面粘附性的增强。 聚合物可以是热塑性塑料或热固性材料,或其组合。 聚合物也可以是绝缘的或固有的导电的,或两者的任何组合。 聚合物可以包含单层或多层作为CNT涂层下的底涂层,或CNT涂层上面的顶涂层,或者底涂层和顶涂层的组合形成夹层结构。 将含氟聚合物的含氟聚合物或可与添加剂一起配制的含氟聚合物的混合物的溶液施加到碳纳米管基透明导电涂层上,该透明导电涂层在透明基材如PET和玻璃上以纳米级 。 含氟聚合物或共混物可以是半结晶(具有低结晶度)或无定形,优选为具有低折射率的无定形。 粘合剂涂层厚度可以通过改变粘合剂浓度,涂布速度和/或其他工艺条件来调节。 该粘合剂涂层显着地改善了光学透明性,并且还维持或增加了基于CNT的涂层的导电性。 具有耐磨,耐热和防潮等其他优点,该粘合剂涂层和所得产品用于显示和电子应用。

    Anode flowshifting with closed-injector bleeding
    4.
    发明申请
    Anode flowshifting with closed-injector bleeding 有权
    阳极流动与闭合喷射器出血

    公开(公告)号:US20070072020A1

    公开(公告)日:2007-03-29

    申请号:US11238322

    申请日:2005-09-29

    IPC分类号: H01M8/04 H01M8/24

    摘要: A fuel cell system that employs a technique for nitrogen bleeding. The fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack having a first sub-stack and a second sub-stack, where the hydrogen gas flow is flow-shifted between the sub-stacks. A first nitrogen bleed valve is provided in an anode gas input line coupled to the first sub-stack and a second nitrogen bleed valve is provided in an anode gas input line coupled to the second sub-stack. When the first sub-stack is receiving the anode gas, and a nitrogen bleed is requested, the first bleed valve is closed and the second bleed valve is opened to provide the nitrogen bleeding. When the second sub-stack is receiving the anode gas, and a nitrogen bleed is requested, the second bleed valve is closed and the first bleed valve is opened to provide the nitrogen bleed.

    摘要翻译: 一种采用氮气渗出技术的燃料电池系统。 燃料电池系统包括具有第一子堆和第二子堆的燃料电池堆,其中氢气流在子堆之间流动。 第一氮排放阀设置在耦合到第一子堆叠的阳极气体输入管线中,并且第二氮气放出阀设置在耦合到第二子堆叠的阳极气体输入管线中。 当第一子堆接收阳极气体并且要求氮气渗出时,第一排气阀关闭,第二排气阀打开以提供氮气渗出。 当第二子堆接收阳极气体并且要求氮气渗出时,第二排气阀关闭,第一排气阀打开以提供氮气排放。

    Electronic stylus with writing feel
    6.
    发明授权
    Electronic stylus with writing feel 失效
    具有写作感觉的电子手写笔

    公开(公告)号:US5627348A

    公开(公告)日:1997-05-06

    申请号:US418938

    申请日:1995-04-07

    IPC分类号: G08C21/00 G06F3/033 B08C21/00

    CPC分类号: G06F3/03545

    摘要: A non-marking, writing system simulates a physical writing system which has characteristic ranges of writing resistance, sound, resilience and thermal conductivity. The non-marking writing system includes a non-marking writing instrument having an elongated shank with opposite ends. A non-marking tip is connected to one end of the shank for engagement against and movement across a writing surface. The writing surface onto and across which the tip is moved for non-marking writing, creates an actual writing resistance. The tip is structured and made of selected material and the writing surface is made of selected material so that the actual writing resistance falls within the characteristic range of writing resistance for the physical writing system.

    摘要翻译: 一种无标记的写作系统模拟了具有写阻力,声音,弹性和导热性特征范围的物理书写系统。 非标记书写系统包括具有相对端的细长柄的无标记书写工具。 非标记尖端连接到柄的一端,用于与书写表面接合和移动。 将书写表面移动到顶端并在其上移动以进行非标记写入,从而产生实际写入电阻。 尖端由选择的材料构成并由写入表面由选定的材料制成,使得实际写入电阻落入物理写入系统的写入电阻的特征范围内。

    System and method for controlling cathode stoichiometry to minimize RH excursions during transients
    7.
    发明申请
    System and method for controlling cathode stoichiometry to minimize RH excursions during transients 有权
    用于控制阴极化学计量的系统和方法以使瞬态期间的RH偏移最小化

    公开(公告)号:US20070082235A1

    公开(公告)日:2007-04-12

    申请号:US11245755

    申请日:2005-10-07

    IPC分类号: H01M8/04

    摘要: A system and method for providing dynamic cathode stoichiometry control in a fuel cell during stack load transients to minimize relative humidity excursions. Particularly, changes in the cathode stoichiometry is controlled as a function of time in response to a decrease or increase in stack current density. Thus, if the stack current density drops to a predetermined current density, the dynamic stoichiometry logic will monitor the low power condition and determine if the condition is sustained, i.e., for an extended period of time. If the low power condition is not sustained, then the cathode stoichiometry does not change, but if it is sustained, then the cathode stoichiometry is increased. The same delay in changing the cathode stoichiometry can be provided for a transition from a low power condition to a high power condition.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于在堆叠负载瞬变期间在燃料电池中提供动态阴极化学计量控制以最小化相对湿度偏移的系统和方法。 特别地,响应于堆叠电流密度的降低或增加,阴极化学计量的变化被控制为时间的函数。 因此,如果堆叠电流密度下降到预定的电流密度,则动态化学计量逻辑将监视低功率状态并确定该条件是否持续,即延长的时间段。 如果低功率条件不持续,则阴极化学计量不变,但如果持续,则阴极化学计量增加。 对于从低功率状态到高功率状态的转变,可以提供改变阴极化学计量的相同延迟。

    Fluid control device
    8.
    发明申请
    Fluid control device 审中-公开
    流体控制装置

    公开(公告)号:US20060065609A1

    公开(公告)日:2006-03-30

    申请号:US10954706

    申请日:2004-09-30

    申请人: David Arthur

    发明人: David Arthur

    IPC分类号: C02F1/38

    CPC分类号: B01D17/0211 B01D17/045

    摘要: A fluid control device includes an elongated member adapted to be disposed along an axial length of a separator element. The elongated member includes an interior and an exterior. The elongated member also includes a flow outlet disposed at one end. A plurality of annular flow inlets are disposed in the elongated member and adapted to guide fluid flow from a radial direction in the exterior of the elongated member to an axial direction in the interior of the elongated member.

    摘要翻译: 流体控制装置包括适于沿着分离器元件的轴向长度设置的细长构件。 细长构件包括内部和外部。 细长构件还包括设置在一端的流出口。 多个环形流入口设置在细长构件中并且适于将细长构件的外部中的径向方向的流体流引导到细长构件的内部中的轴向方向。

    Electrical substrate material
    10.
    发明授权
    Electrical substrate material 失效
    电气基材

    公开(公告)号:US5149590A

    公开(公告)日:1992-09-22

    申请号:US279474

    申请日:1988-12-02

    摘要: A ceramic filled fluoropolymer-based electrical substrate material well suited for forming rigid printed wiring board substrate materials is presented which exhibits improved electrical performance over other printed wiring board materials. Also, the low coefficients of thermal expansion and compliant nature of this electrical substrate material results in improved surface mount reliability and plated through-hole reliability. The electrical substrate material preferably comprises polytetrafluoroethylene filled with silica along with a small amount microfiberglass. In an important feature of this invention, the ceramic filler (silica) is coated with a silane coating material which renders the surface of the ceramic hydrophobic and provides improved tensile strength, peel strenth and dimensional stability. In addition, even improved results are provided when the silane coating is comprised of a fluorinated silane or a combination of fluorinated and non-fluorinated silanes.

    摘要翻译: 提出了一种非常适合形成刚性印刷线路板基板材料的基于陶瓷填充的基于氟聚合物的电气基板材料,其表现出比其它印刷线路板材料更好的电性能。 此外,该电气基板材料的低的热膨胀系数和顺从性导致改进的表面贴装可靠性和电镀通孔可靠性。 电气基材优选包含填充有二氧化硅的聚四氟乙烯以及少量微纤维。 在本发明的一个重要特征中,陶瓷填料(二氧化硅)涂有硅烷涂层材料,使陶瓷表面疏水并提供改善的拉伸强度,剥离强度和尺寸稳定性。 此外,当硅烷涂层由氟化硅烷或氟化和非氟化硅烷的组合构成时,甚至提供了甚至改进的结果。