摘要:
A method for detecting analytes in a liquid is provided in which the liquid is subjected to a mixing treatment on an area of a support which has in particular immobilized reactants, wherein in the mixing treatment the liquid is impinged upon by a stream of gas that sweeps across at least some areas of the support surface in a scanning manner by means of a jet directed towards the support surface. The invention also concerns a method for mixing a liquid sample comprising an analyte and a device for carrying out the method.
摘要:
A method for detecting analytes in a liquid is provided in which the liquid is subjected to a mixing treatment on an area of a support which has in particular immobilized reactants, wherein in the mixing treatment the liquid is impinged upon by a stream of gas that sweeps across at least some areas of the support surface in a scanning manner by means of a jet directed towards the support surface. The invention also concerns a method for mixing a liquid sample comprising an analyte and a device for carrying out the method.
摘要:
A method for detecting analytes in a liquid is provided in which the liquid is subjected to a mixing treatment on an area of a support which has in particular immobilized reactants, wherein in the mixing treatment the liquid is impinged upon by a stream of gas that sweeps across at least some areas of the support surface in a scanning manner by means of a jet directed towards the support surface. The invention also concerns a method for mixing a liquid sample comprising an analyte and a device for carrying out the method.
摘要:
This application discusses, among other things, apparatus and methods for improving spurious frequency performance of digital-to-time converters (DTCs). In an example, a method can include receiving a code at selection logic of a digital-to-time converter at a first instant, selecting a first delay path of the DTC to provide a delay associated with the code, associating a second delay path with the code, receiving the code at the selection logic at a second instant, and selecting the second delay path of the DTC to provide the delay associated with the code.
摘要:
A method for bonding two silicon substrates and a corresponding system of two silicon substrates. The method includes: providing first and second silicon substrates; depositing a first bonding layer of pure aluminum or of aluminum-copper having a copper component between 0.1 and 5% on a first bonding surface of the first silicon substrate; depositing a second bonding layer of germanium above the first bonding surface or above a second bonding surface of the second silicon substrate; subsequently joining the first and second silicon substrates, so that the first and the second bonding surfaces lie opposite each other; and implementing a thermal treatment step to form an eutectic bonding layer of aluminum-germanium or containing aluminum-germanium as the main component, between the first silicon substrate and the second silicon substrate, spikes which contain aluminum as a minimum and extend into the first silicon substrate, forming at least on the first bonding surface.
摘要:
A novel type of dye systems comprises a selection of 10H-indolo[1,2-a]indole compounds (henceforth abbreviated as IO compounds) and (5H,7H)-indolo[1,2-a]quinoline compounds (henceforth abbreviated as IQ compounds) showing a solvatochromic effect and exhibiting strong fluorescence in a variety of materials such as polypropylene, polyethylene, oils, various solvents, emulsions. Also disclosed are various methods how the IO/IQ compounds can be administered, especially how they can be produced and administered in situ from a precursor, responding to external stimuli such as enzyme activity, temperature and so forth. The response of a precursor to external stimuli can also be used to determine the presence or absence of such stimuli.
摘要:
A mass spectrometer comprised of a mass analyzer, ion source and detector has the capability of analyzing samples in both positive and negative ionization modes. The mass spectrometer used in conjunction with a liquid chromatograph, fluid splitters and a plurality fluid pathways so that a large volume of analysis may be performed quickly and with high precision and accuracy. The apparatus is also capable of analyzing complex mixtures such as coeluting samples.
摘要:
In a method for the 3D digitalization of an object with variable surface a plurality of camera pictures of partial surfaces of the object (4) are taken and put together for determining the 3D coordinates of the partial surface of the object (4). Camera pictures are taken of partial surfaces of the object (4), which overlap at their edges. For each camera picture the 3D coordinates of the associated partial surface of the object (4) are determined. The 3D coordinates of these partial surfaces of the object (4) are matched and put together by a matching method. Each camera picture is divided into subframes (1.1-1.9, 2.1-2.9, 3.1-3.9) which overlap at their edges and which overlap with the subframes of adjacent camera pictures. To the subframes (1.1-3.9), the associated 3D coordinates from the camera pictures are assigned. The 3D coordinates of the subframes (1.1-3.9) are matched and put together by a matching method. The method can iteratively be carried out several times.
摘要:
The disclosed invention relates to a digital phase locked loop having a switchable digital loop filter configured to selectively operate at different levels of resolution. The digital phase locked loop has a phase frequency detector that determines a phase difference between a reference signal and a feedback signal and to convert the phase difference to a digital word. A digital loop filter filters the digital word to generate a control word. A bit shift network modifies the digital word in a manner that switches the resolution of the digital loop filter between two or more distinct resolution states that comprise a bit sequence located at different positions in the digital word. The two or more distinct resolution states allow the digital loop filter to provide a low resolution (high amplitude) for a settling state of operation and a high resolution (low amplitude) for a locked state of operation.
摘要:
In a method for 3D digitization of an object (1), a plurality of camera images of the object are recorded and assembled to determine the 3D coordinates of the object. To improve such method, pictures are taken from the object (1), from which 2D feature points (11, 12, 13; 21, 22, 23) of the object (1) are determined. The 3D coordinates of the 2D feature points are determined. The 2D point correspondences (32, 32, 22) between the 2D feature points of a picture and the 2D feature points of another picture are determined. Several of these 2D point correspondences are selected, and an associated 3D transformation is determined. The quality of this 3D transformation is determined with reference to the transformed 3D coordinates of the 2D feature points. Valid 3D feature points are determined therefrom. For assembling the camera images of the object (1), the 3D coordinates of the valid 3D feature points are used.