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公开(公告)号：US5454967A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-03
申请号：US199976
申请日：1994-02-22
摘要： Phosphate-containing, glycol-based coolant mixtures which are stable in hard water and are free of nitrites, silicates, amines and borates containa) 0.5-3% by weight of ammonium and/or alkali metal phosphateb) 2-5.5% by weight of ammonium or alkali metal benzoatec) 0.2-1.5% by weight of ammonium or alkali metal molybdated) 0.2-0.8% by weight of ammonium or alkali metal nitratee) 0.05-0.4% by weight of benzotriazolef) 0.05-0.4% by weight of tolyltriazoleg) 0.005-0.35% by weight of a water-soluble magnesium compoundh) 0.02-0.5% by weight of an oligomeric or polymeric carboxylic acid with a molecular weight of 1,000-100,000,i) 0.05-5% by weight of water and the amount of glycol necessary to make up to 100% by weight.
摘要翻译： 在硬水中稳定且不含亚硝酸盐，硅酸盐，胺和硼酸盐的含磷酸盐，二醇基的冷却剂混合物含有a）0.5-3重量％的铵和/或碱金属磷酸盐b）2-5.5重量％ 铵或碱金属苯甲酸盐的重量c）0.2-1.5重量％的铵或碱金属钼酸盐d）0.2-0.8重量％的铵或碱金属硝酸盐e）0.05-0.4重量％的苯并三唑f）0.05-0.4 重量百分比的甲苯基三唑g）0.005-0.35重量％的水溶性镁化合物h）0.02-0.5重量％的分子量为1,000-100,000的低聚或聚合羧酸，i）0.05-5重量％ 的水和所需的二醇量可以达到100重量％。
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2.发明授权Use of quaternized imidazoles as corrosion inhibitors for non-ferrous metals, and coolant compositions and antifreeze concentrates comprising them 失效使用季铵化咪唑作为有色金属的防腐剂，以及包含它们的冷却剂组合物和防冻剂浓缩物
公开(公告)号：US6045719A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-04
申请号：US125038
申请日：1998-08-11
CPC分类号： C09K5/20 , C23F11/08 , C23F11/149 , C23G1/061
摘要： Quaternized imidazoles I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 independently of one another are saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals of 1-12 carbon atoms which can be substituted by oxygen-functional groups or interrupted by nonadjacent oxygens,R.sup.2, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently of one another are hydrogen or saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals of 1-12 carbon atoms which can be substituted by oxygen-functional groups or interrupted by nonadjacent oxygens, it being possible for R.sup.4 and R.sup.5, together with the corresponding imidazole carbons, to form a five- or six-membered ring, andX.sup..crclbar. is an anion,are used as corrosion inhibitors in the corrosion protection of nonferrous metals, especially for car radiator protection.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP97 / 00648 Sec。 371日期：1998年8月11日 102（e）日期1998年8月11日PCT 1997年2月13日提交PCT公布。 WO97 / 30133 PCT出版物 日期1997年8月21日其中R 1和R 3彼此独立的三元咪唑I是1-12个碳原子的饱和或不饱和烃基，其可以被氧官能团取代或被非相邻氧中断，R2，R4和R5独立地 彼此是氢或具有1-12个碳原子的饱和或不饱和烃基，其可被氧官能团取代或被不相邻氧中断，可以将R4和R5连同相应的咪唑碳一起形成 五元或六元环，X（ - ）为阴离子，用作有色金属腐蚀防腐剂的防腐剂，尤其适用于汽车散热器保护。
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3.发明授权Antifreeze concentrates and coolant compositions containing these concentrates for cooling circuits in internal combustion engines 失效含有这些浓缩物的防冻浓缩物和冷却剂组合物用于内燃机中的冷却回路公开(公告)号：US06413445B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-02
申请号：US09720255
申请日：2001-01-09
IPC分类号： C09K520
摘要： A description is given of antifreeze concentrates which comprise a) at least one water-miscible alcohol which lowers the freezing point; b) at least one corrosion inhibitor; and c) as reserve alkalinity donor, at least one mono- or polycyclic aromatic compound which has at least one hydroxyl group and a high buffer capacity in the pH range from about 6 to 10 and of coolant compositions which comprise said concentrates and are intended for the cooling circuits in internal combustion engines.
摘要翻译： 描述了防冻剂浓缩物，其包含a）至少一种降低凝固点的水混溶性醇; b）至少一种腐蚀抑制剂; 和c）作为储备碱性供体，至少一种在大约6至10的pH范围内具有至少一个羟基和高缓冲能力的单环或多环芳族化合物和包含所述浓缩物并用于冷却的冷却剂组合物 内燃机电路。
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4.发明授权Glycol based antifreeze concentrates inhibited with monocarboxylic acid salts together with hydrocarbon-triazoles and/or -thiazoles 失效基于乙二醇的防冻浓缩物与单羧酸盐一起抑制，与烃 - 三唑和/或 - 噻唑一起抑制
公开(公告)号：US6080331A
公开(公告)日：2000-06-27
申请号：US879782
申请日：1997-06-20
摘要： The present invention relates to novel silicate-, borate- and nitrate-free antifreeze concentrates based on alkylene glycols or derivatives thereof which include an inhibitor combination essentially comprising salts of carboxylic acids together with hydrocarbon-triazoles and/or -thiazoles. These antifreeze concentrates are, in particular, entirely free from any salts of inorganic acids as corrosion inhibitors. The invention also relates to ready-to-use aqueous coolant compositions comprising these antifreeze concentrates.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及基于亚烷基二醇或其衍生物的新型硅酸盐，无硼酸盐和无硝酸盐的防冻剂浓缩物，其包括基本上包含羧酸盐与烃 - 三唑和/或 - 噻唑的抑制剂组合。 这些防冻浓缩物尤其完全不含任何无机酸盐作为腐蚀抑制剂。 本发明还涉及包含这些防冻浓缩物的即用型水性冷却剂组合物。
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5.发明授权Production of carbon by eliminating hydrogen halide from polymerized halohydrocarbons 失效通过从聚合的卤代烃中除去卤化氢来生产碳
公开(公告)号：US3960768A
公开(公告)日：1976-06-01
申请号：US486059
申请日：1974-07-05
IPC分类号： B01J20/281 , B01J21/18 , C01B31/08 , B01J31/10
CPC分类号： G01N30/48 , B01J20/281 , C01B31/085 , B01J2220/54
摘要： Hard abrasion-resistant carbon is obtained from polymerized halohydrocarbons by elimination of hydrogen halide in a two-stage process carried out so that in the first decomposition stage, which is carried out at temperatures within the range from 140.degree. to 250.degree.C, a definite amount (not less than 5% by weight and not more than 50% by weight) of the total amount of hydrogen halide capable of being split off is removed. Appropriately shaped end products can be obtained by using raw materials having a globular, cylindrical or other shape. The carbon obtained is suitable as the stationary phase for chromatographic separation and analysis of mixtures.
摘要翻译： 通过在两步法中消除卤化氢从聚合的卤代烃获得硬耐磨碳，使得在140℃至250℃的温度下进行的第一分解阶段中，确定的 除去能够分离的卤化氢总量的量（不低于5重量％且不大于50重量％）。 可以通过使用具有球状，圆柱形或其它形状的原料来获得适当形状的最终产品。 所得碳适合作为固定相进行色谱分离和混合物分析。
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公开(公告)号：US09325165B2
公开(公告)日：2016-04-26
申请号：US14344985
申请日：2011-09-16
申请人： Klaus Behringer , Martin Maier , Klaus Pfitzner , Bernhard Rösch
发明人： Klaus Behringer , Martin Maier , Klaus Pfitzner , Bernhard Rösch
CPC分类号： H02H5/047 , G01K7/01 , G01R19/16571 , H02H3/085 , H02H7/0852 , H02P29/027 , H02P29/68
摘要： A device is disclosed for protecting a consumer, with a first current path having two lines, and a monitoring arrangement for detecting an imminent overload of the electrical consumer. In order to enable the detection of an imminent overload of a consumer, it is proposed that the monitoring arrangement includes a first temperature measuring unit, an evaluation unit and a first measuring element, which establishes an electrically conductive connection between the two lines of the first current path. The first temperature measuring unit is electrically isolated from the first measuring element and includes a first and a second temperature sensor. The first and second temperature sensor of the first temperature measuring unit are configured to simultaneously record a temperature of the first measuring element and the evaluation unit is configured to detect an imminent overload of the consumer based upon the recorded temperatures of the first temperature measuring unit.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于保护消费者的装置，其中具有两条线路的第一电流路径以及用于检测电消费者即将发生的过载的监视装置。 为了能够检测到消费者即将发生的过载，建议监视装置包括第一温度测量单元，评估单元和第一测量元件，该第一测量单元，第一测量单元在第一和第二测量单元的两条线之间建立导电连接 当前路径。 第一温度测量单元与第一测量元件电隔离并且包括第一和第二温度传感器。 第一温度测量单元的第一温度传感器和第二温度传感器被配置为同时记录第一测量元件的温度，并且评估单元被配置为基于第一温度测量单元的记录温度来检测消费者即将发生的过载。
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公开(公告)号：US20140375301A1
公开(公告)日：2014-12-25
申请号：US14344985
申请日：2011-09-16
申请人： Klaus Behringer , Martin Maier , Klaus Pfitzner , Bernhard Rösch
发明人： Klaus Behringer , Martin Maier , Klaus Pfitzner , Bernhard Rösch
IPC分类号： H02H5/04 , G01K7/01 , G01R19/165
CPC分类号： H02H5/047 , G01K7/01 , G01R19/16571 , H02H3/085 , H02H7/0852 , H02P29/027 , H02P29/68
摘要： A device is disclosed for protecting a consumer, with a first current path having two lines, and a monitoring arrangement for detecting an imminent overload of the electrical consumer. In order to enable the detection of an imminent overload of a consumer, it is proposed that the monitoring arrangement includes a first temperature measuring unit, an evaluation unit and a first measuring element, which establishes an electrically conductive connection between the two lines of the first current path. The first temperature measuring unit is electrically isolated from the first measuring element and includes a first and a second temperature sensor. The first and second temperature sensor of the first temperature measuring unit are configured to simultaneously record a temperature of the first measuring element and the evaluation unit is configured to detect an imminent overload of the consumer based upon the recorded temperatures of the first temperature measuring unit.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于保护消费者的装置，其中具有两条线路的第一电流路径以及用于检测电消费者即将发生的过载的监视装置。 为了能够检测到消费者即将发生的过载，建议监视装置包括第一温度测量单元，评估单元和第一测量元件，该第一测量单元，第一测量单元在第一和第二测量单元的两条线之间建立导电连接 当前路径。 第一温度测量单元与第一测量元件电隔离并且包括第一和第二温度传感器。 第一温度测量单元的第一温度传感器和第二温度传感器被配置为同时记录第一测量元件的温度，并且评估单元被配置为基于第一温度测量单元的记录温度来检测消费者即将发生的过载。
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8.发明授权Control module with connection devices for connection to connection terminals of a load feeder and load feeder 有权带连接装置的控制模块，用于连接负载馈线和负载馈线的连接端子公开(公告)号：US08564420B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-22
申请号：US12935109
申请日：2009-03-20
申请人： Stefan Beyer , Klaus Pfitzner , Wolfgang Schatz , Andreas Thomas
发明人： Stefan Beyer , Klaus Pfitzner , Wolfgang Schatz , Andreas Thomas
IPC分类号： G05B11/01
CPC分类号： H01H71/08 , H01H50/021 , H01H2011/0037 , H01H2300/03 , H02J13/0003 , Y02B70/3241 , Y02B90/224 , Y02B90/228 , Y04S20/14 , Y04S20/18 , Y04S20/227
摘要： A control module with connection devices for connection to connection terminals of a load feeder is disclosed. The control module may include a device interface for at least one connection, the interface being independent of the bus system, with a shut-off element able to be connected to the at least one connection device and with the load feeder able to be shut off by way of the shut-off element independently of the bus system. The control module may be plugged into connection terminals of the load feeder.
摘要翻译： 公开了具有用于连接到负载馈送器的连接端子的连接装置的控制模块。 所述控制模块可以包括用于至少一个连接的设备接口，所述接口独立于所述总线系统，具有能够连接到所述至少一个连接装置并且所述负载馈线能够被切断的切断元件 通过独立于总线系统的切断元件。 控制模块可以插入负载馈线的连接端子。
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公开(公告)号：US4623699A
公开(公告)日：1986-11-18
申请号：US802060
申请日：1985-11-25
CPC分类号： C08F8/00
摘要： Linear, basic polymer powders which contain units of the formula ##STR1## and have a Fikentscher K value of from 10 to 200 are prepared by eliminating the formyl groups from N-vinylformamide polymer powders with a gaseous hydrogen halide in the presence of not more than 5% by weight, based on the polymer used, of water.
摘要翻译： 含有式（I）单元并且具有10至200的Fikentscher K值的线性，碱性聚合物粉末是通过在气相卤化氢存在下从N-乙烯基甲酰胺聚合物粉末中除去甲酰基来制备的 基于所使用的聚合物，不超过5重量％的水。
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公开(公告)号：US09520707B2
公开(公告)日：2016-12-13
申请号：US14394511
申请日：2012-04-20
申请人： Wolfgang Feil , Martin Maier , Klaus Pfitzner , Bernhard Rösch
发明人： Wolfgang Feil , Martin Maier , Klaus Pfitzner , Bernhard Rösch
CPC分类号： H02H3/085 , H01H71/14 , H01H2011/0068 , H01H2083/206 , H02H5/045
摘要： A device for protecting a user includes a first current path including a first and second conduit, and a monitoring device for detecting an imminent overload of the electric user. In an embodiment, the monitoring device includes a first temperature measurement unit, a support, an evaluation unit and a first transducer to produce an electrically conductive connection between the first and second conduits of the first current path. The first temperature measurement unit is, electrically insulated from the first transducer and includes a first temperature sensor. An additional electrically insulating material; is arranged on a first lateral surface of the support between the first transducer and the support and the first temperature sensor is arranged on the support to detect a temperature of the first transducer. The evaluating unit is configured to detect an imminent overload at the user on the basis of temperatures detected by the first temperature sensor.
摘要翻译： 用于保护用户的装置包括包括第一和第二导管的第一电流路径和用于检测电用户即将发生的过载的监视装置。 在一个实施例中，监测装置包括第一温度测量单元，支撑件，评估单元和第一换能器，以在第一电流路径的第一和第二导管之间产生导电连接。 第一温度测量单元与第一换能器电绝缘并且包括第一温度传感器。 额外的电绝缘材料; 布置在第一换能器和支撑件之间的支撑件的第一侧表面上，并且第一温度传感器布置在支撑件上以检测第一换能器的温度。 评估单元被配置为基于由第一温度传感器检测到的温度来检测用户即将发生的过载。
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