摘要:
In a process for liquid phase carbonylation of alcohols by carbon monoxide, the carbonylation reaction is carried out in a reaction zone at a temperature of 50° C. to 150° C. at a pressure in the range 0.5 MPa to 20 MPa in the presence of at least one catalyst comprising at least one rhodium and/or iridium complex and a halogenated promoter in at least one non-aqueous ionic liquid comprising at least one salt with general formula Q+A−, in which Q+ represents a quaternary ammonium and/or a quaternary phosphonium cation, said salt having a melting point of less than 90° C.; the non-aqueous ionic liquid containing at least the major portion of the catalyst is separated; and the separated non-aqueous ionic liquid containing at least the major portion of the catalyst is returned to the reaction zone.
摘要:
A composition defined: either as comprising at least one Broensted acid, designated HB, dissolved in a liquid medium with an ionic nature of general formula Q+A−, in which Q+ represents an organic cation and A− represents an anion that is different from B, or as resulting from dissolving at least one Broensted acid, designated HB, in a non-aqueous liquid medium with an ionic nature of general formula Q+A−, in which Q+ represents an organic cation and A− represents an anion that is identical to the anion B, can be used as a catalyst and solvent in acid catalysis processes, in particular in the alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons, the oligomerization of olefins, the dimerization of isobutene, the alkylation of olefins by isoparaffins, the isomerization of n-paraffins into isoparaffins, the isomerization of n-olefins into iso-olefins, the isomerization of the double bond of an olefin and the purification of an olefin mixture that contains branched alpha olefins as impurities.
摘要:
A catalytic composition for the dimerization, the codimerization or the oligomerization of olefins is obtained by bringing into contact at least one nickel compound that contains a heterocyclic carbene with at least one hydrocarbylaluminum halide and optionally at least one organic solvent. It is used in a process of dimerization, codimerization or oligomerization of olefins.
摘要:
A catalytic composition for the dimerization, the codimerization or the oligomerization of olefins results from the dissolution of at least one nickel complex that contains a heterocyclic carbene in a liquid mixture that comprises at least one ammonium halide or quaternary phosphonium halide, at least one aluminum halide and optionally at least one organometallic aluminum compound. It is used in a process of dimerization, codimerization or oligomerization of olefins.
摘要:
This invention describes a process for the production of bases for fuels (such as diesel and/or kerosene) from a C2 ethanol feedstock, whereby said process comprises at least a first stage for oligomerization of said feedstock into at least one hydrocarbon effluent that comprises a mixture of olefins that for the most part have between 4 and 30 carbons, whereby said olefin mixture comprises a C10-C24 fraction that has a mean linearity that is greater than 60%, in the presence of a homogeneous catalytic system that comprises at least one metal precursor that is selected from among the group that is formed by titanium, zirconium, hafnium, nickel and iron, taken by themselves or in a mixture, a second stage for oligomerization of at least a portion of the effluent that is obtained from stage a), into at least one hydrocarbon effluent that comprises a mixture of olefins that for the most part have between 4 and 30 carbon atoms, with said olefin mixture comprising a C10-C24 fraction that has a mean linearity that is less than 50%, in the presence of a homogeneous catalytic system that is identical to or different from the one that is used in stage a).
摘要:
A process for producing a base for a fuel from a C2 ethanol feedstock, by a first stage for oligomerization of the feedstock into a hydrocarbon effluent that contains a mixture of olefins for the most part having between 4 and 30 carbons, and contains a C10-C24 fraction that has a mean linearity that is greater than 60%, in the presence of a homogeneous catalytic system that contains a metal precursor of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, nickel and/or iron, a second stage for oligomerization of a portion of the effluent that is obtained from stage a), into a hydrocarbon effluent that contains a mixture of olefins for the most part having between 4 and 30 carbon atoms, and containing a C10-C24 fraction that has a mean linearity that is less than 50%, in the presence of a homogeneous catalytic system.
摘要:
A process for production, from an olefinic C4 fraction, on the one hand, of high-purity isobutene and, on the other hand, of propylene by metathesis is described. The process comprises three successive stages: 1) the selective hydrogenation of butadiene with isomerization of butene-1 into butene-2 up to thermodynamic equilibrium; 2) the separation by isobutene at the column head that integrates the hydroisomerization of n-butenes, allowing a butene-2 fraction at the bottom, and 3) the metathesis of the butene-2 fraction with ethylene. By this process, it is possible to produce in a very selective way high-purity isobutene and polymerization-quality propylene.
摘要:
An improved catalyst based on cobalt and/or rhodium dissolved in a non-aqueous ionic solvent which is liquid at a temperature of less than 90° C. More particularly, the catalyst comprises at least one complex of cobalt and/or rhodium co-ordinated with at least one nitrogen-containing ligand and the non-aqueous ionic solvent comprises at least one quaternary ammonium and/or phosphonium cation and at least one inorganic anion.
摘要:
The present invention describes a novel catalytic composition comprising at least one nickel complex, said complex being obtained from a mixture comprising at least one nickel precursor A with at least one imino-imidazole ligand B and a method of oligomerization of olefins using said catalytic composition.
摘要:
In a method for hydroformylating olefinically unsaturated compounds by means of a cobalt-based catalyst, used in a non-aqueous ionic liquid, liquid at a temperature below 100° C. and comprising at least one cation Q+ and at least one anion A−, said method comprising at least a stage of reaction under pressure and at least a stage of separation of the phases by decantation, recycling of the catalyst is improved: through the use of a ligand selected from among the Lewis bases, more particularly pyridine derivatives, and simultaneously through the addition of this ligand in a post-reaction stage. At the end of this process, the organic phase containing the reaction products can be recovered and the ionic liquid phase containing the catalyst can be recycled to the hydroformylation reactor.